Stewart Thompson
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Quiz am Safe Meds Practice Quiz, erstellt von Stewart Thompson am 07/10/2017.

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Stewart Thompson
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Safe Meds Practice Quiz

Frage 1 von 73

1

What does TGA stand for?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Therapeutic goods association

  • Therapeutic goods administration

  • Therapeutic goods analgesics

  • The Good administration

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 73

1

What is the TGA responsible for?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Evaluating, assessing and monitoring therapeutic goods in Australia

  • Prescribing medications to patients

  • Educating patients about the safety of drugs

  • Checking the validity of drug orders

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 73

1

Schedule 2 drugs are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Pharmacist only e.g. panadiene

  • Controlled drugs e.g. morphine

  • Pharmacy medicine e.g. paracetamol

  • Prescription only e.g. antibiotics

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 73

1

Schedule 4 drugs are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Pharmacist only e.g. panadiene

  • Prescription only e.g. antibiotics & hypertensive drugs

  • Controlled drugs e.g. morphine & endone

  • Pharmacy medicine e.g. paracetamol & ibuprofen

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 73

1

What are some considerations involved with schedule 8 - controlled drugs? (2 answers)

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Can be administered by 1 RN

  • Are kept in an unlocked cupboard

  • Administration needs 2 RNs

  • Need to be kept in a locked cupboard

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 73

1

Generally schedule 3,4 & 8 medication are not advertised in the popular media except inhaled corticosteroids, vaginal anti-infective agents and nicotine to treat smoking dependence.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 73

1

What are the 6 rights of drug administration?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Right patient, right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right to refuse

  • Right patient, right drug, right time, right dose, right hand, right to restrain

  • Right colour, right flavour, right drug, right dose, right patient, right route

  • Right patient, right drug, right dose, right time, right route

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 73

1

Which of the following are necessary for a medication order to be valid? (Pick 5 answers)

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • It needs to be dated

  • Is the drug name there?

  • Does NOT need to be legible

  • Signed by a nurse

  • Dose and unit of measurement need to be present

  • Route needs to be documented

  • Signed by a doctor, nurse practitioner or dentist

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 73

1

Which answer is not correct regarding roles and responsibilities of the healthcare team when administering drugs?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Doctor can diagnose and prescribe

  • Nurse can Prescribe and dispense

  • Nurse can assess, administer and evaluate

  • Pharmacist can advise and dispense

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 73

1

The generic name is also called the trade name, when drug companies market a drug they select a name and copyright it.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 73

1

The Brand name is the official drug name, approved name given by the manufacturer and local authority.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 73

1

Enteric coated preparations are not:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • designed so disintegration occurs in the intestines rather than the stomach

  • Abbreviated EC on the container

  • to be crushed

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 73

1

Capsules can be either Hard gelatine capsules containing a drug as a solid, or soft gelatine capsules which can be opened and are useful for liquids drugs, or those that do not dissolve easily in water

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 73

1

What type of drug form is released slowly in the GIT and consists of layers of a drug enclosed in successive layers of inert coating?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Controlled release

  • Capsules

  • enteric coated preparations

  • Sustained/slow release

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 73

1

what type of drug has a semi permeable membrane coating, and can end up in faeces as a "ghost tablet"

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Oral liquids

  • Controlled release tablets

  • topical preparations

  • Enteric coated preparations

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 73

1

A nicotine patch would be considered a(n)

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • oral liquid

  • Topical preparation

  • Capsule

  • Ointment

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 73

1

Linctus - is a syrup specially formulated for coughs

Elixers - is an alcoholic solution that is used when the required drug is water insoluble

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 73

1

Intradermal, subcutaneous, IM, IV, intraarterial & intrathecal are all what forms of administration?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Enteral

  • Parenteral

  • Transdermal

  • Gastro-intestinal

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 73

1

Pharmacodynamics is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • What the body does to the drug

  • What the drug does to the body

  • How the drug is altered as it travels through the body

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 73

1

Pharmacokinetics is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • What the drug does to the body

  • What the body does to the drug

  • the integration at a molecular level - between the drug molecules and the target cell, receptor where it will stimulate or inhibit the natural chemicals of the body

  • The drugs interaction with structural proteins

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 73

1

what is not 1 of the 4 aspects of pharmacokinetics:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Absorption - movement of drug molecules into the body from the site of administration

  • Distribution - the drug enters the bloodstream, and travels to the site of action, will be improved if the drug binds to albumin + globulins in the blood.

  • Disruption to the cellular membrane

  • Metabolism - alters chemical properties of drugs making them less lipophilic (fat soluble) and more readily excreted

  • Excretion - Excreted from the system in various ways e.g. urine, saliva, sweat, tears, breathing

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 73

1

Factors affecting;

absorption - chemical nature of the drug, pH of the stomach, Surface area available for absorption & route/solubility of drug

Distribution - lipid solubility

Metabolism - Hepatic 1st pass effect (oral meds)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 73

1

What is the term for the fraction of the drug available to the systemic circulation, and is measured on a scale of 0 - 1
(1=100%)

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Half life

  • Absorption percentage

  • Bioavailability

  • Hepatic first pass effect

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 73

1

Oral meds have a bioavailability of 1 or 100% and IV drugs have a bioavailability of <1

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 73

1

The following are listed in order of ________ to ________ regarding Rate of absorption

liquids
syrups
parenteral
suspensions
powders
capsules
tablets
coated tablets
enteric coated tablets

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Fasted - Slowest

  • Slowest - Fasted

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 73

1

Where is the major site of metabolism?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Brain

  • Anus

  • Spleen

  • Liver

Erklärung

Frage 27 von 73

1

What is not efficient as a barrier to drugs, and may result in congenital abnormalities?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Blood brain barrier

  • Semipermeable membrane

  • Placental Barrier

  • Swiss cheese model

Erklärung

Frage 28 von 73

1

Metabolism occurs in 2 phases

Phase 1 - enzymes modify chemical structure of the drug

Phase 2 - the phase 1 metabolite is joined (conjugated) with another molecule to render the product soluble for excretion

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 29 von 73

1

The hepatic first pass effect

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Removes the drug entirely

  • Increased bioavailability

  • Does not remove entire drug but it does reduce the bioavailability

  • recruits the cremaster muscles to aid in the metabolism of drugs

Erklärung

Frage 30 von 73

1

The kidneys, GIT as well as saliva, sweat, tears, breath and breast milk are all sites of excretion (drug clearance)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 31 von 73

1

If the blood concentration of a drug is 1000mg/L at a 12pm, and this level drops to 500mg/L by 4pm. What is the half life?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 2 hours

  • 4 hours

  • 6 hours

  • 8 hours

Erklärung

Frage 32 von 73

1

An antihypertensive medication reducing a patients blood pressure too much and causing hypotension would be an example of a drug having:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The correct response

  • Too little response

  • Too much response

  • a nightmare

Erklärung

Frage 33 von 73

1

The use of many drugs at once, the use of drugs with no apparent indication, & the duplication of medication taking would indicate _________, which presents a major health care risk to patients

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Polydrugs

  • Polydynamesis

  • Polysynthesis

  • Polypharmacy

Erklärung

Frage 34 von 73

1

The systems approach to errors identifies that : (pick 3 answers)

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Errors occur just because people are dumb

  • Humans are fallable (capable of making mistakes)

  • Errors are deemed as causes not consequences

  • errors are deemed as consequences not causes

  • Investigations are needed to seek new ways of completing tasks.

Erklärung

Frage 35 von 73

1

The Swiss cheese model identifies that there are holes in the layers of defence which include:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Active conditions & Latent failures

  • Active failures & Latent conditions

Erklärung

Frage 36 von 73

1

Active failures may lie dormant for some time before combining with a latent condition to create an opportunity for error and if identified they can be remedied before these errors occur (e.g. staffing issues, inexperience or inadequate equipment/training)

Latent conditions are unsafe acts committed by people in direct contact with the patient (e.g. slips, trips, lapses, fumbles, mistakes & procedural violations)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 37 von 73

1

The ANS (autonomic nervous system) is divided in the Sympathetic nervous system (rest & digest) and the Parasympathetic nervous system (fight or flight).

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 38 von 73

1

The sympathetic nervous system has short pre-ganglionic neurons that release _______ and long post-ganglionic neurons that release _____________ or noradrenaline onto the effector organ. These nerves are adrenergic

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Adrenaline - Renin

  • Acetylcholine - Adrenaline

  • Adrenaline - Acetylcholine

  • Renin - Angiotensin II

Erklärung

Frage 39 von 73

1

The parasympathetic nervous system has long pre-ganglionic neurons that release ___________ and short post-ganglionic neurons that release ___________ . These nerves are cholinergic

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Acetylcholine - Acetylcholine

  • Adrenaline - Adrenaline

  • Adrenaline - Acetylcholine

  • Acetylcholine - Adrenaline

Erklärung

Frage 40 von 73

1

The sympathetic nervous system dilates pupils, inhibits flow of saliva, accelerates heartbeat, dilates bronchi, inhibits peristalsis + gastric secretions, coverts glycogen to glucose (glycolysis), releases adrenaline + noradrenaline, and inhibits bladder contractions.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 41 von 73

1

The parasympathetic nervous system stimulates flow of saliva, slows HR, contracts bronchi, stimulates peristalsis + gastric secretions, stimulates release of bile, contracts pupils and contracts the bladder.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 42 von 73

1

Sympatholytics are Agonist drugs that will stimulate and induce the effects of fight or flight

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 43 von 73

1

Sympathomimetics are Antagonist drugs that will inhibit sympathetic stimulation.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 44 von 73

1

Select the adrenergic receptors:

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Nicotinic (responds to stimulation by nicotine, located in smooth + cardiac muscle as well as neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle)

  • Alpha 1 (abundant on major arteries, associated with vasoconstrictive responses and increased BP)

  • Muscarinic (acetylcholine receptors, acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic nervous system.)

  • Beta 2 (abundant on bronchiolar smooth muscle and blood vessels within skeletal muscle, heart, brain and kidneys. Associated with bronchodilation and increased tissue perfusion)

  • Beta 1 (located on myocardium, smooth muscles, GIT sphincters and renal arterioles. Associated with rate/force of heart contraction)

  • Alpha 2 (Abundant on presynaptic terminal, involved with autoregulation of synaptic activity)

Erklärung

Frage 45 von 73

1

The roles of ___________ receptors include vasoconstriction (increased BP) , pupil dilation + contraction, urinary retention, glucose release, generalised sweating & GIT constriction (decrease motility).

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Alpha 2

  • Alpha 1

  • Beta 1

  • Beta 2

Erklärung

Frage 46 von 73

1

The role of __________ receptors are bronchodilation, vasodilation, insulin release and decreased GIT motility.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Alpha 1

  • Alpha 2

  • Beta 1

  • Beta 2

Erklärung

Frage 47 von 73

1

The role of _________ receptors are increased HR, increased contractility of the heart, increased atrioventricular conduction, increased renin release and vasoconstriction.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Alpha 1

  • Alpha 2

  • Beta 1

  • Beta 2

Erklärung

Frage 48 von 73

1

Alpha 1 ________ drugs would cause ____________ , increased BP, pupil dilation, glucose release, sweating and reduced GIT motility.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Antagonist - vasodilation

  • cholinergic - vasoconstriction

  • agonist - vasoconstriction

  • blocker - vasoconstriction

Erklärung

Frage 49 von 73

1

Alpha 1 __________ drugs would cause __________ , reduced BP, pupil constriction, impotence, increased urination and increased GIT motility.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Agonist - vasoconstriction

  • Antagonist - vasoconstriction

  • Antagonist - vasodilation

  • Agonist - vasodilation

Erklärung

Frage 50 von 73

1

Alpha 2 agonist drugs can be used to treat ____________

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Hypertension

  • Hyperglycaemia

  • Hypothyroidism

  • Diabetes mellitus

Erklärung

Frage 51 von 73

1

_________ agonist drugs would increase HR and CO, reduce GIT motility and stimulate the release of renin (increase blood flow and BP)

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Alpha 1

  • Alpha 2

  • Beta 1

  • Beta 2

Erklärung

Frage 52 von 73

1

Select the incorrect statement from the following regarding phases of clinical trials:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Phase 1 clinical trials involve 20-80 health volunteers

  • Phase 2 clinical trials involve 100-150 volunteers with the targeted illness

  • Phase 3 clinical trials involve 1000-3000 volunteers with the targeted illness

  • Phase 4 clinical trial involves comparisons with other treatments and ongoing safety monitoring whilst out on the market.

  • Phase 1 clinical trials - drugs are tested on individuals from a lower socioeconomic background

Erklärung

Frage 53 von 73

1

__________ antagonist drugs (beta blockers) __________ HR, SV, and CO, increase GIT motility and inhibit renin release. Side effects can be dizziness, lethargy, insomnia, diarrhoea, bradycardia and hypotension.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Beta 2 - decrease

  • Alpha 1 - increase

  • Beta 1 - reduce

  • Beta 1 - increase

Erklärung

Frage 54 von 73

1

_______ agonist drugs cause _________ , an increase in skeletal muscle excitability (tremors), vasodilation, relaxation of the uterus, reduced bile secretion and increase glycogenolysis.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Beta 1 - vasoconstriction

  • Beta 2 - bronchodilation

  • Beta 1 - bronchodilation

  • Alpha 2 - bronchodilation

Erklärung

Frage 55 von 73

1

Ach (acetylcholine) is removed from the synaptic gap by an enzyme called ________________.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Acetylcholinesterase

  • Acetylcholinogen

  • Acetylcholinogenolysis

  • Acetylcholine converting enzyme

Erklärung

Frage 56 von 73

1

some side effects of Beta 2 agonist drugs include fine muscle tremors, nervousness, tachycardia, increased BGL + insulin levels and hypokalaemia (low k+)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 57 von 73

1

Nicotinic agonists increase the feeling of relaxation and well being, also increase skeletal muscle tone (tremors)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 58 von 73

1

What drug inhibits the breakdown of AcH and therefore enhances the effects of AcH at nicotinic and muscarinic receptors?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

  • Acetylcholinesterase agonists

  • Autocoids

  • Muscarinic agonists

Erklärung

Frage 59 von 73

1

I am classed as an autocoid, I am a locally acting substance, I am released and confined to the same tissue and I am found in high concentration in the lungs, skin, GIT and CNS. what am I?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Prostaglandin

  • White blood cell

  • a robot

  • Histamine

Erklärung

Frage 60 von 73

1

Histamines are released from ________ and ________ when an allergen, foreign body, or injury is encountered.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • G cells - red blood cells

  • enteroendocrine cells - basophils

  • Mast cells - Basophils

  • Sail cells - neutrophils

Erklärung

Frage 61 von 73

1

Histamines play a vital role in allergic and inflammatory reactions, some effects can be anaphylaxis, stimulation of pain receptors (nociceptors), vasodilation, and increased capillary permeability (leads to swelling).

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 62 von 73

1

1st generation anti-histamine drugs:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • can cross the Blood brain barrier, causing drowsiness and possibly sedation.

  • can only cross the blood brain barrier in small amounts and are therefore not sedating

Erklärung

Frage 63 von 73

1

2nd generation anti-histamine drugs:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • can only cross the blood brain barrier in small amounts and are therefore not sedating

  • can cross the blood brain barrier, causing drowsiness and sedation

Erklärung

Frage 64 von 73

1

___________ can reduce acid stimulation in the stomach so these are beneficial when treating __________ and GORD (gastro - oesophageal reflux disease)

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • H1 agonists - hypertension

  • H2 antagonists - Peptic ulcers

  • H3 antagonists - peptic ulcers

Erklärung

Frage 65 von 73

1

NSAIDs block the synthesis of _____________ by interfering with the ________ and _________ enzymes.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • histamines - COX 3 - COX 4

  • Prostaglandins - DIX 1 - DIX 2

  • Prostaglandins - COX 1 - COX 2

  • Histamines - COX 1 - COX 2

Erklärung

Frage 66 von 73

1

Regarding Chemical mediator communication which answer is most correct:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Endocrine signalling - molecules travel from signalling cell through the bloodstream to the target cell

  • Paracrine signalling - Signalling cell and the target cell are close together

  • All of these

  • Autocrine signalling - Signalling and target cell are the same cell.

Erklärung

Frage 67 von 73

1

all of the following are non-specific COX inhibitors, except:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Aspirin

  • Ibuprofen

  • Diclofenac

  • Celecoxib

  • Indomethicin

Erklärung

Frage 68 von 73

1

Prostaglandins do not cause constriction of smooth muscle, vasodilation, aggregation of platelets, increased sensitivity of neurons to pain, the mediation of inflammation, fever (pyrogenic) or the inhibition of acid secretion in the stomach.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 69 von 73

1

Which of the following is not a cardiac medication (antihypertensive)

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • ACE inhibitors (suffix "pril")

  • Beta blockers (suffix "olol")

  • Calcium channel inhibitors

  • Anti diuretics

  • Loop diuretics

Erklärung

Frage 70 von 73

1

The inhibition of COX in peripheral tissue will reduce pain + inflammation. The inhibition of COX in the stomach removes the protective effect of PG (prostaglandin) and results in damage to the GI mucosa.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 71 von 73

1

When a patient is on multiple medications that affect the metabolism, synthesis or uptake of serotonin, what happens to serotonin levels.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Builds up

  • Breaks down

  • No issues

  • Patient gets cooked

Erklärung

Frage 72 von 73

1

Serotonin builds up in the neurons of the CNS and it can cause:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A change in mental status

  • Hypertension

  • Hyperpyrexia

  • All of these

  • Ataxia (lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements)

Erklärung

Frage 73 von 73

1

Noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine are known as catecholamines

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

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