PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism

1

Which of the following are sources of glucose (that end up in the blood, then onwards)?

1

Fatty Acids can only be used in ( Aerobic, Anaerobic, Intrinsic, Extrinsic ) metabolism.

2

Lactic acid from ( Anaerobic, Aerobic, Liver, Adipose Tissue, Lungs, Muscle Fibre, Blood ) metabolism can be converted to ( Glucose, Glycogen, Glucagon, Fatty Acids ) by the ( Liver, Muscle Fibres, Blood, Anaerobes, Gut, Lungs ).

1

Skeletal Muscle released endocrine signals in the form of:

1

Endocrine signals released from Skeletal Muscle can go to which of the following:

2

During exercise, the blood supply to the following areas is increased/decreased/unchanged:
CNS: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )
GI tract: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )
Kidney: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )
Muscles: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )

1

An overabundance of which of the following leads to obesity?

1

Myokines are CYTOKINES and PROTEINS produced by muscle. Most are regulated by what?

1

True or false: Myokines are the molecular link between nerve function and whole-body physiology?

2

Exercise-induced myokines include which of the following?

1

True or false: Irisin elevates energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.

1

True or false: Irisin lowers energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.

2

Irisin ❌ brown fat thermogenesis (browning & thermogenic function in ❌ fat)

Promotes

Inhibits

Prevents

White

Brown

Beige

1

Myokines have __________ functions.

1

Muscle displays plasticity in metabolic responses to:

1

UCP1 is a core factor for ( Thermogenesis, Proliferation, Apoptosis, Torpor ) in ( Brown, White, Beige ) Adipose Tissue.

1

InterLeukin 6 (IL6) is a myokine that happens to also be produced by:

1

IL6 can be either PROinflammatory or ANTIinflammatory.
❌ is associated with insulin resistance and behaves in a proinflammatory way.
❌ leads to elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL1ra and IL10).

Elevated Systemic IL6

Exercise-induced IL6

1

IL6 is produced __________ exercise.

1

At exercise time (before? during? after?), IL6 is produced by:

1

In addition to exercise, myokines can also be induced by:

1

True or false: The nutrient Palmitate modifies expression of many myokines (including Irisin, FGF21, IL6, CXCL1, CXCL5, Myonectin).

1

Autocrine myokines regulate ❌ and ❌.
(put the two in alphabetical order)

Myogenesis

Regeneration

Myocarditis

Apoptosis

Degeneration

Blood Pressure

1

Which of the following can be all of (Hepatokine, Adipokine, Myokine)?

1

Which of the following myokines can be a biomarker in: (Increased serum levels: Coronary Heart Disease, Cushing’s Syndrome, Carcinoid Atherosclerosis, Obesity/T2D, Mitochondrial Disease, Preeclampsia; Decreased serum levels: Anorexia Nervosa)?

1

How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?

1

How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?

1

How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?

1

How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?

PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism

PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism

Which of the following are sources of glucose (that end up in the blood, then onwards)?

Fatty Acids can only be used in Aerobic Anaerobic Intrinsic Extrinsic( Aerobic, Anaerobic, Intrinsic, Extrinsic ) metabolism.

Skeletal Muscle released endocrine signals in the form of:

Endocrine signals released from Skeletal Muscle can go to which of the following:

An overabundance of which of the following leads to obesity?

Myokines are CYTOKINES and PROTEINS produced by muscle. Most are regulated by what?

True or false: Myokines are the molecular link between nerve function and whole-body physiology?

Exercise-induced myokines include which of the following?

True or false: Irisin elevates energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.

True or false: Irisin lowers energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.

Irisin ❌ brown fat thermogenesis (browning & thermogenic function in ❌ fat)

Myokines have __________ functions.

Muscle displays plasticity in metabolic responses to:

UCP1 is a core factor for Thermogenesis Proliferation Apoptosis Torpor( Thermogenesis, Proliferation, Apoptosis, Torpor ) in Brown White Beige( Brown, White, Beige ) Adipose Tissue.

InterLeukin 6 (IL6) is a myokine that happens to also be produced by:

IL6 can be either PROinflammatory or ANTIinflammatory. ❌ is associated with insulin resistance and behaves in a proinflammatory way. ❌ leads to elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL1ra and IL10).

IL6 is produced __________ exercise.

At exercise time (before? during? after?), IL6 is produced by:

Fatty Acids can only be used in ( Aerobic, Anaerobic, Intrinsic, Extrinsic ) metabolism.

UCP1 is a core factor for ( Thermogenesis, Proliferation, Apoptosis, Torpor ) in ( Brown, White, Beige ) Adipose Tissue.

IL6 can be either PROinflammatory or ANTIinflammatory.
❌ is associated with insulin resistance and behaves in a proinflammatory way.
❌ leads to elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL1ra and IL10).

Autocrine myokines regulate ❌ and ❌.
(put the two in alphabetical order)