Epilepsy is a rare condition.

Epilepsy is characterized by epileptic seizures occurring at least once a day.

Epilepsy is in the majority of patients genetically determined.

Epilepsy with generalized seizures needs to be treated by hippocampectomy

Epilepsy in many cases responds well to antiepileptic drugs.

B C and E

A B and D

A B and C

A D and E

B C and D

the ability to remember action sequences of a learned movement

the ability to maintain and manipulate task relevant information and to block distraction in the presence of interference

the ability to remember information about one’s autobiographical history

the ability to acquire and store information for a long time

the ability to store work related information

Absence seizures originate in the frontal lobe (fronto-orbital part)

Visual symptoms at the onset of a seizure indicate temporal lobe seizure origin

Fear may be the clinical manifestation of an epileptic aura

Simple partial seizures are characterized by loss of conciousness

Complex partial seizures always indicate frontal lobe epilepsy

1. is characterized by predominant delusions of persecution.

is a psychiatric disorder with low heritability.

is one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders

can be treated with antipsychotics.

. is five times more frequent in women than in men.

20%

5%

70%

50%

1%

a lesion in the splenium

a left hemispheric lesion

a visual field defect

patients can´t read but write

language difficulties

Spans 1/8 of the total cortex in humans

Is separated to the temporal lobe by the postcentral sulcus

Is subdivided into primary motor cortex, the premotor cortex and the prefrontal cortex

Is separated to the parietal lobe by the precentral sulcus

Greatly enlarged in the course of evolution in parallel to the development of motor abilities

Idiopathic epilepsies commonly have a single-gene inheritance

Symptomatic epilepsies never have a genetic background.

Rolando-epilepsy of childhood is a symptomatic epilepsy syndrome.

Frontal lobe epilepsies may be purely genetic

The correct diagnosis of epilepsy is made from the EEG.

may refer to interruption of intrahemispheric as well as interhemispheric fiber tracts

are functional deficits caused by focal lesions of fiber tracts that connect cortical brain areas

may result from transection of the corpus callosum (so-called “split-brain” operations)

are characterized by anatomical lesion sites (and therefore disconnection symptoms might refer to different cognitive or neuronal systems)

means that two cortical areas are linked together irregularly (= dysconnection) by aberrant fiber tracts

the existence of a “supervisory attentional system (SAS)”.

that emotion-related somatosensory patterns facilitate decision-making (“somatic marker hypothesis”).

that inhibitory control may be the underlying mechanisms of behavioural control.

the existence of a prefrontal “executive committee” for perception, working memory, attention, long-term memory, motor control and thinking.

that the prefrontal cortex exerts top-down-control by providing an excitatory signal that biases processing in other brain systems towards task-relevant information, memory or motor output (“biased competition model”).

Mossy fibers are axons of CA3 primary cells.

Aberrant mossy fiber sprouting is one hypothesis for epileptogenesis in limbic epilepsies.

The cornu ammonis has filter function for downstream structures.

Seizure-like events in in vitro models can be induced by lowering of sodium in the artificial cerebrospinal fluid.

During seizure-like events in vitro light transmission of the tissue is decreased

have been proven to be ineffective in moderate depression

are more effective in carriers of the 5-HTTLPR L-Allele.

are more effective than serotonine-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors.

should not be used in patients with suicidal ideation

are most effective in bipolar depression

Chest tightness

Knee pain

Menstrual irregularities

Back pain

Headaches

denies the existence of his or her disability

believes of a familiar counterpart being a stranger that pretends to be a familiar person

will rapidly slide into a state of personal disrepair, poor personal hygiene and nutrition

shows in general reduced interest and motivation

suffers from the inability to develop new goals and strategies

All are correct

B, C and E are correct

B and E are correct

A, C and D are correct

A, B and D are correct

In-vivo Exposure therapy

Psychodynamic therapy

In sensu Exposure therapy

Psychoanalysis

Hypnosis

Neuroleptics

Anticonvulsants

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Beta-Receptor-Antagonist

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

Tricyclic-Antidepressants

Barbiturates

Neuroleptics

make up to 100-125 x106 fibers in each direction

connect only homotopic areas of the brain

functionally interconnect the cerebral hemispheres

are arranged in topographical order

connect only association areas of the cerebral cortex (according to Flechsig`s rule)

BC is correct.

AB is correct.

ADE is correct.

CD is correct.

DE is correct.