1. Which of these refers to quantitative type of research?
numeric
less in scale
more subjective
uncontrolled
2. Which of these refers to qualitative type of research?
objective
factual
conceptual
obtrusive
3. Which of these refers to preliminary stage in research?
arriving at thesis
finding useful sources and read for research
writing a final paper
selecting a subject
Which of these refers to research proper?
gathering, analyzing and interpreting data
re-drafting your paper according to research evaluation criteria
creating a working hypothesis
thinking of a type and methods of your research
All of these refer to individual research EXCEPT for:
gives you sole ownership of the research
means that you have to carry out all elements of the research process
enables you to share responsibility
means that you are wholly responsible for its progress and success
All of these refer to group research EXCEPT for:
provides you with a ready made support network
may result in a more focused project determined by you
provides you with useful experience of team working
allows you to take on larger-scale topics than you could otherwise manage
All of these refer to supervisors’ expectations of their students in doing research EXCEPT for:
to be independent
to be honest when reporting upon their progress
to have regular meetings
to be friendly, open and supportive
All of these refer to advantages of researching your own workplace EXCEPT for:
ease of access
pressure from your employer to research what they want
it may help your promotion
you may be able to do some research in work time
All of these are research evaluation criteria EXCEPT for:
complexity
significance
validity
generalizability
Interviewing refers to the stage of________.
designing research
stating the hypothesis
gathering the data
studying of the chosen field
Reading professional journals refers to the stage of_________.
setting the research problem/ question
analyzing the data
interpreting the results of the data analysis and dis/proving the hypothesis
Processing the collected data refers to the stage of__________.
setting the research problem
Research is evaluated against such criteria as_____.
reliability
brevity
fidelity
simplicity
Mark the activity referring to primary research:
studying and analyzing the research findings reported in books and journals
reading topographical maps
conducting a social survey
doing a literature review
In which research the results are tangible:
pure
practical
theoretical
qualitative
You solve a pure research problem by
changing something out there in the world
doing something
learning more about the world around you
conducting a practical research.
Practical and research problems ___
are mutually exclusive
complement each other
are the same
are similar in their goals
.___ research originates in one's mind.
Pure
Field
Practical
Quantitative
Choose the appropriate chronological sequence: A Analyzing the data B Stating the hypothesis C Gathering the data D Choosing the research problem E Interpreting the results of the data analysis in order to test the hypothesis F Extensive study of the respective field
FDBCAE
DFCAEB
ACDEFB
DFBCAE
Surveying refers to the stage of_______
Designing research
Gathering the data
Interpreting the results
analyzing data
Dis/proving the hypothesis refers to the stage of_______
Analyzing data
Hypothecizing an approach to the stated problem's solution takes place at all of these stages EXCEPT for:
Attending inter/national meetings of professional communities may take place at all of these stages EXCEPT for:
Choosing the problem
Stating the hypothesis
In which research the results are impalpable/intangible:
primary
secondary
Mark the activity referring to secondary research:
Digging up ancient burial grounds
summarizing the experts' views
making up a topographical map
conducting a survey
Choose the appropriate chronological sequence in building up your survey:A. Collect the data B. Record, analyze, and interpret the data C. Decide how to measure the information D. Clarify the purposes of the research E Choose interviewing methodology (questionnaire or interview)
DECAB
EABCD
DAEBC
CABDE
Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of an experiment:
allocation of samples to different experimental conditions
selection of a single case of a situation, individual or group
measurement on a small number of variables
introduction of planned changes on one or more variables
A field experiment is:
deliberate manipulation of the independent variable in the participants’ own environment
Usually carried out in an artificial situation, the researcher attempts to control for as many confounding variables by using standardized procedures
recording the effect of the independent variable, which is changed by natural occurrences, on the dependent variable
random manipulation of the independent variable in the participants’ own environment
Role limitations is a/n ___________of participant observation.
advantage
disadvantage
feature
strength
Bias is a disadvantage of ___ observation.
participant
non-participant
structured
unstructured
Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of the case study:
study of the case in its context
selection of a single case of a situation, individual or group of interest or concern
multi-method approach
A hybrid type of case study is ____
snapshot
longitudinal
patchwork
comparative
The sampling when respondents are stopped in the street and asked is called a _________sampling.
quota
random
haphazard
representative
Which of the following is a disadvantage of survey:
They provide large amount of data at relatively low cost, in a short time
There are undetected ambiguities in understanding the survey questions
Often this is the only way of getting information about a large set of people
It collects generalizable information from almost any population
__________ interviews are used if you are certain of what you want to know but still want to leave some room for exploration.
Semi-structured
Structured
Unstructured
Restructured
Mark a disadvantage of the interview:
The presence of the interviewer
Biases are difficult to rule out.
Non-verbal cues may help in understanding the verbal response
It is flexible
A snapshot case study is a ________
detailed, objective study of one research object at one point in time
hybrid type of case study
study of one research object at multiple time points
a set of multiple case studies
A longitudinal case study is _________
a detailed, objective study of one research object at one point in time
a hybrid type of case study
study of different objects at multiple time points
Measure¬ment of variables is a typical feature of a/an __.
case study
survey
observation
experiment
Quota sampling is done when _____
respondents represent the numerical ratios of various subgroups
you stop people in the street and ask them
everybody has an equal chance to be chosen
) the population under study is represented proportionately
Too much data is a/n____ of mechanical recording of observation data.
merit
benefit
Sampling in which the numerical ratios of various subgroups (by gender, age, etc.) are arranged is called _________.
___observation is more objective.
Participant
Non-participant
Case study techniques DO NOT include:
analysis of numerous objects
direct observation
structured interview
study of documents
In a rotating sample survey
you collect standardized data from an undifferentiated representative sample
you make use of a different sample of respondents for each repetition
you use a hybrid of repeated cross-sectional simple survey and the panel
the design data are collected on the same respondents at two or more points of time.
Which of them is NOT an advantage of case study?
currency
multiplicity of sources
depth of understanding
izability of conclusions
______surveys have the highest degree of data standardization
Highly structured
______ is the best method for triangulation of research findings.
Experiment
Survey
Case study
Observation
In a ____ survey, design data are collected on the same respondents several times.
panel
simple
rotating
postal
The most flexible kind of research method is_______.
Discussion ______.
interprets the research findings
presents the data analysis results
briefly describes the respondents
outlines the goals and objectives of the research
Abstract differs from executive summary in the sense that it is:
not more than 10 pages
longer
shorter
more detailed
Executive summary is similar to abstract in the sense that…
It is a long document which is sufficient for its full understanding.
It is presented before the table of contents.
It is a 1-page paper outline
If you read it, you don’t need to read the whole paper
Mark the subsections referring to Introduction
Description of paper
Expression of gratitude
Description of the participants
Analysis of data
. …. describes how participants were chosen, the tasks assigned them, how they were conducted, how data were evaluated.
Discussion
Materials and Procedures
Conclusion
Introduction
A good conclusion should ____.
summarize the whole paper, it aims, significance, results, conclusions, action plan/recommendations, prospects for future research.
summarize an article written for the purpose of enticing the reader to read the whole article
summarize scholarly source material on a particular topic, the work done by other researchers.
describe the research method
Which paper structure component includes sources which are actually cited in the paper?
Bibliography
Appendices
References
Quotations
Select the statement referring to the Results section
Presents the data analysis in an organized fashion
Describes how data were evaluated
Summarizes the whole article
Interprets the data
Not so important pieces of evidence may be presented in ….
Appendix
Which of the following paper structure components expresses gratitude to all those who provided assistance in doing the research?
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Select the statement about Review of Literature.
Includes sources which are actually cited in the paper
Contains an alphabetical list of all publications that you have read, but has not referred to.
Shows what work has been done by other researchers
Explains the research goals.
The abstract DOES NOT differ from executive summary in …
purpose
length
location
volume
Where in a research paper can you find summary of the previous research
Literature review
Where in a research paper can you find summary of the research results?
Results
Literature Review
Where in a research paper can you find description of the paper structure?
Where in a research paper can you find project rationale?
Where in a research paper can you find recommendations based on your research findings?
Abstract does NOT provide information about the research
results
bibliography
goals
Introduction usually has the following structure:
rationale, problem, hypothesis, methods and structure
outline, discussion, hypothesis, rationale and methods
literature review, hypothesis, findings and summary
outline, hypothesis, methods and findings
Which of the following is one of the purposes of a conclusion of a research paper?
to highlight the perspectives of the research
to set the research context
to make somebody interested in reading the whole paper
to prove the hypothesis
Which of the following parts of the conclusion manifests the value of your research?
contribution
summary
prospects
recommendations
Which of the following part of the conclusion discusses factors that affect the results?
limitations
What guiding principles should you use in revising your paper's sentence structure?
Avoid too short and abrupt sentences as well as too long and complex sentences.
use long formal sentences carrying a lot of information.
Sentence quality is a low priority in research writing because the main point is to convey factual information.
One should frequently use personal pronouns to emphasize one’s contribution to research
Which of the following describes how participants were chosen, the tasks assigned them, how they were conducted, how data were evaluated.
An alphabetical list of all other publications that the researcher has read, but has not referred to is _________.
Table of Contents
Citations
Which statement about documentation of facts is accurate?
Any fact in your paper must be documented;
Any facts included in a paper should be placed in quotation marks;
Facts that represent new information in a particular field of study need to be documented
No fact in your paper must be documented
Which of the following statements about documentation is true?
Because it is difficult to pinpoint the origin of a broad idea, ideas that are not quoted do not need to be documented;
Your own ideas must be documented;
Subjective information from sources, such as the interpretation or opinion of a writer, must be documented.
Common knowledge facts need to be documented
In which system is the reference made: “Several recent studies [3, 4, 15, 22] have suggested that. . . .”
MLA
IEEE
APA
Chicago
Which statement about documentation systems is accurate?
As the author of your paper, you usually have the right to decide which documentation system you use;
Most documentation systems are comprised of two parts: citations within the paper, and a list of sources at the end of the paper;
Most documentation systems specify that background information on your topic does not have to be documented.
All documentation systems require citation of all sources.
Which statement about use of quotations from sources is true?
Quotations should always be full sentences
Quotations should never be full sentences;
Quotations may be full sentences, or they may be parts of sentences, depending on your paper's needs.
One should never produce quotations longer than 10 lines.
What are the general guidelines for documenting online sources?
Online sources, including Web pages, are acceptable and should be documented;
Online sources are disapproved in APA style because they often lack scholarly credibility;
Online sources do not need to be identified by year of publication in the in-text citation.
online sources are documented in the same way as other sources
Which DS is mostly used in the Humanities:
Number
Which DS is mostly used in the Exact sciences:
Which DS is mostly used in Linguistics, Philology:
In IEEE documentation system:
Each appendix should have its own reference list.
Each appendix need not have any reference list
There should not be any appendices.
Each appendix may have its own reference list.
Which DS is mostly used in History:
IEEE style encloses citation numbers within the text of a paper
in square brackets [1]
as superscripts1
in bracketed form ( )
in a footnote
In which DS is the list of sources used presented NOT alphabetically:
Which DS uses end-notes/footnotes?
Which DS as known as the author- year style:
Which DS puts emphasis on the publication currency
In which system is the reference made: “Widlow (1) discovered that cells injected with…”
In which system is the reference made: “Three hundred poets were part of the study (Foozle, 1977) that…”
In IEEE citations are numbered
alphabetically
in the order in which they appear in the text
chronologically
randomly
In IEEE
All references to one and the same source have different numbers
references are not numbered
All references to one and the same source have the same number
There may not be several references to one and the same source
All of these mean “to skim” EXCEPT for:
read for gist
look through a source for main information
look for details
read for general comprehension
. A summary of scholarly source material on a particular topic is called a/an _______________.
abstract
literature review
analysis
executive summary
The use of someone else’s writing or ideas without proper documentation is called a/an _____.
paraphrase
plagiarism
citation
quotation
All of these are purposes of Literature Review EXCEPT for:
to study and understand the previous research works on your topic;
to find out major concepts, theories and conclusions in your topic;
to design your research
to identify areas of controversy in the literature;
All of these are sources for Literature Review EXCEPT for
electronic databases
CD-ROMs
libraries
journals
To provide ________ while taking notes look for works that express a variety of viewpoints on your topic.
coverage
bias
depth
A disadvantage of _____________ is that the information is less referred and not always reliable.
books
theses
internet sources
An advantage of ______________ is that they are up to date.
audio-visual materials
periodicals
Put the following strategies for reading in order:A. Take notes while reading; B. Critically analyse and summarise the information from the works you read; C. Read only relevant and significant works; D. Mainly concentrate on the ideas not on the individual publications; E. Decide what types of literature you need
ABDEC
EDCBA
ECDAB
CEDAB
Which expression shows that the author disagrees with smb’s point of view?
In line with the above….
Contrary to this opinion the author maintains that…
This controversy has been addressed more than once.
According to this author…
Which of the following is plagiarism?
a summary of scholarly source material on a particular topic
the use of someone else’s words, ideas, or line of thought without acknowledgment
a list of sources which are actually cited in the paper
the use of someone else’s words, ideas, or line of thought
Literature review section should make up ___% of the whole paper.
70-80
10-15
30-40
50-60
Which statement about the use of books as a source is true?
Books typically offer broad coverage of a topic
Books are becoming outdated as sources for research papers.
Books are always available when you need them
Books are a current source of information
Which of the following would be considered plagiarism?
Properly documenting a quotation but forgetting to surround it with quotation marks.
Using source material
Quoting five lines or more from a source
Properly documenting a quotation
All of these should be included into Literature Review EXCEPT for:
controversial views on the problem under study
arguments and findings of other authors
your comments on other researchers’ vc,iews
the structure of the research project
When evaluating the usefulness of a source you would typically consider all of these EXCEPT for:
The popularity of the source in terms of sales numbers, readership, or online "hits."
Reliability factors such as the author's qualifications or the publisher's reputation.
The relevance of the source to your specific topic.
The source’s currency
Which approach is the most useful as an early step in evaluating sources?
Thoroughly reading your sources.
Skimming your sources.
Taking detailed notes on your sources
analyzing the sources
The purpose of literature review is to _____________.
to get ideas about current approaches and methods
to explain why it is important to investigate the problem
to place the most important graphs/tables
to describe your research
All of these are sound purposes of reading for research EXCEPT for:
to learn what other researchers have done in your area
in order to spot areas which have not been researched
because your supervisor expects you to
to identify the problem areas in the field
Contrary to the opinion of…
The author rightfully maintains that…
The skill of summarizing is important for all of these reasons EXCEPT for:
it reflects the depth of understanding of a text;
it teaches you to keep track of the number of words in your paper
it teaches to differentiate between main and minor points;
it improves the skills of compression
Fidelity of your summary means that you__________.
represent the source accurately and comprehensively
convey briefly the textual information
cover all the important things
present the borrowed ideas in your own language
You need to quote to ______
prove that you have read the original
to give authority to your statements
make the note-taking process easier
make the note-taking process shorter
In a good summary you need to _______.
change all the author’s words
use the key words of the author
change none of the author’s words
reproduce the author’s ideas word-fot-word.
You need to summarize if
all you are interested in are the main points
you want to demonstrate your ability to compress
you want to prove that you have read the original
want to practice your language skills
Brevity of your summary means that you________
represent the source accurately
represent the source comprehensively
A summary of scholarly source material on a particular topic is called a/an ________.
Compression of a whole text in your own words is called_______.
paraphrasing
quoting
summarizing
Completeness of your summary means that you_________
The language of your summary should be ___ that of the original
as difficult as
easier than
more difficult than
as easy as the original.
Your summary should be clear and understandable to anyone who has _______
read the original
not read the original article
written the original
written it
Which statement about using a quotation is true?
It is acceptable to omit words from a quotation as long as the original quote is still represented accurately
Blending quotation from a source with paraphrase from the same source is not a good idea in research writing;
Capitalization and final punctuation of quoted material may never be altered.
Capitalization and final punctuation of quoted material may never be preserved.
While writing a summary you do all of these EXCEPT for:
scanning for specific information
skimming for the main points
compressing the text
selecting the main points
The first sentence of your summary should ________
mention the author of the original
express the overall message of the text
present the publication record of the source
the purpose of summarizing
Your summary should meet all of these requirements EXCEPT for ________
emotional tensity
A summary should be reduced to ___% of the original.
60-70
10-30
40-50
10-50
When writing a summary one should read the original ____
only once
at least twice
outloud
many times
A good summary ___ the original
complements
substitutes
is impossible to understand without
quotes
When writing a summary avoid using such phrases as the author ______.
says
agrees
announces
supports
Which statement about the use of summary is correct?
Unlike paraphrases, summaries do not need to be documented.
When summarizing source material, you can leave out some of the concrete details from the original if they are not necessary for your paper
Summaries, by their nature, are short and overly general. Therefore, summaries are not appropriate in research writing.
Summarizing is plagiarism.