Sarah Warburton
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hard Psychology (year one ) Quiz am Brain and mind , erstellt von Sarah Warburton am 06/02/2018.

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Sarah Warburton
Erstellt von Sarah Warburton vor mehr als 6 Jahre
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Brain and mind

Frage 1 von 73

1

The central sulcus

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • goes from the top of the brain to the lateral fissure

  • separated the two hemispheres from one another

  • forms one border of the occupational cortex

  • is the seat of the primary auditory cortex

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 73

1

How is a cortical region that deals with more than low level perception called?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • superior cortex

  • connected cortex

  • association cortex

  • interactive cortex

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 73

1

Which of the following is most clearly associated with primary visual function?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • inter-hemispheric fissure

  • calcarine fissure

  • lateral fissure

  • central sulcus

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 73

1

the primary auditory cortex is not

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • a portion of the parietal lobe

  • located within the lateral fissure

  • located in the superior temporal cortex

  • organised based on sensitivity to sound frequency

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Frage 5 von 73

1

The front of the brain is...

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • on the side of the occiput

  • where the brain is thinner rather than bulkier

  • on the same side as the cerebellum

  • none of the above

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Frage 6 von 73

1

Evolutionary increase of the human brain's computational power was made possible by

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • neoteny, the ability of the human body to mature after birth

  • the cortex becoming folded this is increasing the surface area

  • neural selection and reduction of redundant connections between neutrons

  • all of the above

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 73

1

Which direction is towards the top of the brain?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • ventral

  • dorsal

  • posterior

  • temporal

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 73

1

Looking at the brain from underneath, one can see:

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the central sulcus

  • the corpus collosum

  • the calcarine fissure

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 73

1

The inter-hemispheric fissure

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • runs from the top to the side of the brain

  • runs along the top of the superior temporal cortex

  • separates the left and right hemisphere of the brain

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 73

1

the primary visual cortex is located

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • just behind the eyes, in the frontal cortex

  • posterior to the central sulcus

  • on the ventral surface of the brain

  • in the Broca's area to the left and right of the brain

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 73

1

neurons

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • are sensory cells whereas astrocytes are motor cells

  • are the only type of cell encountered in the brain

  • can communicate with one another through synapses

  • are only found in the cerebral cortex of the brain

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 73

1

the thalamus

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • acts as a pacemaker for the attention in the brain

  • is located under the hypothalamus

  • is not connected to the visual system

  • is a single nucleus in the brain

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Frage 13 von 73

1

the hypothalamus is primarily involved in

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • visual perception

  • central hormone control

  • general body sensitivity

  • language comprehension

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Frage 14 von 73

1

a synapse is where

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • action potentials jump from one neurone to another neurone

  • neurotransmitters from the presynaptic enter the post synaptic neurone

  • action based potential communication is relayed by chemical communication

  • neurones have their membranes fuse together to make a network

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 73

1

oligodendrocytes are

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • neurone with many axonal extensions

  • cells specialised in the immune response

  • proteins set in the membrane of neurones

  • cells insulating the axon of several neurones

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 73

1

all neurones have

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • a soma, dendrites and an axon

  • an axon, myelin sheaths, and neurotransmitters

  • a soma, dendrites and synapses

  • all of the above

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 73

1

the resting potential is the difference of charge

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • between the inside and the outside of the neurone when it is firing

  • between the axon hillock and the presynaptic membrane

  • across the neurones membrane when a neurone has died

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 73

1

the action potential

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • is adaptable in size so that the neurone to communicate stimulus intensity

  • happens whenever the power of electrical stimulation received by the neurone

  • can be produced every millisecond to support frequency coding

  • can only happen when the neurone is at resting potential

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 73

1

neurones

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • are born a few weeks before we are born and normally stay alive all our life

  • can be up to a meter long in order to reach the sacrum of the spinal cord

  • are always covered in myelin sheaths to increase communication speed

  • are only found in the cerebral cortex and the internal nuclei of the brain

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 73

1

saltatory conduction

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • correct is not possible on the surface of neurones that have ranvier nodes

  • corresponds to the jumping of action potentials from one neurones to the next

  • is prevented by the insulating sheath of myelin covering neurones

  • allows action potentials to travel faster down the myelinated axon

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 73

1

images presented in the nasal field of view are

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • percieved by the dominant right visual cortex

  • half-percieved by the left visual cortex and half-percieved by the right visual cortex

  • processed mainly by the fovea

  • provide more detail but less motion information

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 73

1

the face inversion effect

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • is an argument in favour of non-specificity for face processing in the human brain

  • is the proof for the exsistence of a face module in the inferior temporal lobe

  • corresponds to a change in facial expression when a face if shown upside-down

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 73

1

pure prosopagnosia is a syndrome in which the patient

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • is unable to produce and comprehend language although vision is normal

  • has a selective incapacity to identify colours and shapes

  • is unable to recognise faces although object recognition can be close to normal

  • is unable to name faces but can still recognize photos of them

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 73

1

which of the following does not usually relate to visual function?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • a lesion in the visual association cortex

  • Brocas asphasia

  • a lesion in the primary visual cortex

  • prosopagnosia

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 73

1

neurons in the visual association cortex

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • all have the ability to respond to stimulus lightess

  • cannot respond to contrast and motion at the same time

  • cannot respond to shape and motion simulateneously

  • can indivually respond to faces without responding to face parts

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 73

1

which of the following is part of the human eye

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the lens

  • the pupillus

  • the retinalis

  • the filter

Erklärung

Frage 27 von 73

1

images received on the retina are inverted (left-right, up-down), and it is overall the same in the

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

  • the visual association cortex

  • the primary visual cortex

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 28 von 73

1

the visual cortex is where

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • decisions regarding the response to visual information are made

  • visual information is selectively merged with olfactive information

  • the most basic aspects of visual information are processed

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 29 von 73

1

prosopagnosia is generally the consequence of a lesion in the

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • visual association cortex

  • superior temporal lobe

  • calcarine fissure

  • fronto-temporal regions

Erklärung

Frage 30 von 73

1

pure prosopagnosia is a syndrome in which the patient

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • is unable to produce and comprehend language although vision normal

  • has a selective incapacity to identify colour and shapes

  • is unable to recognise faces although object recognition can be close to normal

  • is unable to name faces but can still recognize them on photographs

Erklärung

Frage 31 von 73

1

which of the following does not usually relate to visual function

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • a lesion in the visual association cortex

  • Brocas asphasia

  • a lesion in the primary visual cortex

  • prosopagnosia

Erklärung

Frage 32 von 73

1

images presented in the nasal field of view are

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • percieved by dominant right visual cortex

  • half-percieved to the left visual cortex and half-percieved by the right visual cortex

  • processed mainly by the fovea

  • provide more detail but less motion information

Erklärung

Frage 33 von 73

1

prosopagnosia is generally the consequence of a lesion in the

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • visual association cortex

  • superior temporal lobe

  • calcarine fissure

  • fronto-temporal regions

Erklärung

Frage 34 von 73

1

the philosophy, the earliest systematic interest in the mind-body problem in phliosophy began

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • an ancient​ greece

  • with Rene Descartes

  • with Thomas Hobbes

  • With BF Skinner​

Erklärung

Frage 35 von 73

1

As regards the mind-brain problem, the materialist monist position holds that

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • there is only kind of object: the mind

  • there is only kind of object: the brain

  • there are two kinds of objects: the brain and the mind

  • there are three kinds of objects: the brain, the mind and the soul

Erklärung

Frage 36 von 73

1

as regards the mind-brain problem, the idealistic monist position holds that

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • there is only the kind of object: the brain

  • there is the only kind of object: the mind

  • there are two kinds of objects: the brain and mind

  • there are three kinds of objects: the mind, the brain, and the soul

Erklärung

Frage 37 von 73

1

as regards the mind-brain problems, which approach holds that hat there is only one kind of object, but that it appears quite different when viewed through different classes of sense organ

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • materialist monism

  • idealist monism

  • substance dualism

  • dual aspect monism

Erklärung

Frage 38 von 73

1

which of the following is NOT true of Rene Descartes

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • he emphasised the importance of the pineal gland for mind and brain interactions

  • he reported the important case of Phineas Gage

  • he is regarded as the key thinker for the position of dualism

  • he is well known for his phrase 'Cogito ergo sum' (i think therefore i am)

Erklärung

Frage 39 von 73

1

which behaviourist psychologist believed that mind was an epihenomenon, or an illusion, and thus that humans might be regarded as zombies or robots?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • JB Watson

  • BF Skinner

  • Antonio Damasio

  • David Chalmers

Erklärung

Frage 40 von 73

1

lesions to which brain structures produce loss of conciousness and coma?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • frontal lobe

  • hippocampus

  • upper brain stem

  • pituitary gland

Erklärung

Frage 41 von 73

1

if we could locate the brain systems that underpin consciousness we would have solved (following Charmers) the:

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the hard problem of conciousness

  • the easy problem of conciousness

  • the problem of core conciousness

  • the problem of extended conciousness

Erklärung

Frage 42 von 73

1

which of the following disorders can be regarded as examples of loss of core consciousness?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • expressive asphasia (after left frontal lesion)

  • episodic memory impariment (after bilateral temporal lesions)

  • dysexecutive disorder (after bilateral frontal lesion)

  • none of the above are examples of loss of core consciousness

Erklärung

Frage 43 von 73

1

which of the following is not true of the disorder encephalitis lethargica (von Economo disease)

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • it results from damage to dopamine producing cells

  • it occured just after world war I, as a flu-like illness

  • it resulted from a lesion to the hippocampus

  • it produces a disorder of loss of initiation and agency, but with intact conciousness

Erklärung

Frage 44 von 73

1

In philosophy, the earliest systematic interest in the mind-body problem in philosophy began

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Ancient Greece

  • Rene Descartes

  • Thomas Hobbs

  • BF Skinner

Erklärung

Frage 45 von 73

1

As regards with brain-mind problem, the materialist monist positions holds that

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • there is only one kind of object: the mind

  • there is only one kind of object: the brain

  • there are two types of objects: the brain and mind

  • there are three kinds of object: the brain, the mind and the soul

Erklärung

Frage 46 von 73

1

As regards to the brain-mind problem, the idealist monist postition holds that

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • there is only kind of object: the mind

  • there is only kind of object: the brain

  • there is two kinds of objects: the brain and the mind

  • that there are three types of objects: the brain, the mind and the soul

Erklärung

Frage 47 von 73

1

As regards for the brain-mind problem, which approach holds that there is only one kind of object, but that is appears quite different when viewed through different classes of sense organ?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • materialistic monism

  • idealistic monism

  • substance dualism

  • dual aspect monism

Erklärung

Frage 48 von 73

1

which of the following is not true of Rene Descartes?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • he emphasised the importance of the pineal gland for mind brain interaction

  • he reported the importance cause of phinease gage

  • he is regarded as the key thinker for the position of dualism

  • he is well known for his phrase 'cogito ergo sum' (' i think therefore I am')

Erklärung

Frage 49 von 73

1

which behaviourist psychologist believed that mind was a epiphenomenon, or an illusion, and thus humans might be regarded zombies or robots?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • JB watson

  • BF Skinner

  • Antonio Damasio

  • David Chambers

Erklärung

Frage 50 von 73

1

lesion to which brain structure produces loss of consciousness and coma?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • frontal lobes

  • hippocampus

  • upper brain stem

  • pituitary gland

Erklärung

Frage 51 von 73

1

which of the following disorders can be regarded as examples of a loss of core consciousness

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • expressive aphasia (after a left frontal lesion)

  • episodic memory impairment (after bilateral temporal lesions)

  • dysexecutive disorder (after bilateral frontal lesion)

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 52 von 73

1

if we could locate the brain systems that underpin conciousness we would have solved (following Chambers) the

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the hard problem of the consciousness

  • the easy problem of the consciousness

  • the problem of the core consciousness

  • the problem of the extended consciousness

Erklärung

Frage 53 von 73

1

which of the following is not true of the disorder encephalitis lethargica (von economo disease)?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • it results from damage to the dopamine producing cells

  • it occurred after just after WW1, as like a flu like illness

  • it resulted from lesions to the hippocampus

  • it produces a disorder of loss of initiation and agency, but with intact consciousness

Erklärung

Frage 54 von 73

1

which of the following is not true of the way that corvids (such as crows and ravens) hide objects when observed by other birds

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • they hide the object more quickly

  • they hide behind an intervening object

  • they distract the other bird by making loud noise

  • they wait until other bird has left before hiding

Erklärung

Frage 55 von 73

1

which is true of the 'rouge' or spot test

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • it is a measure of self-awareness

  • it involves the use of a mirror

  • is has been successfully passed by several non-human species

  • it is usually passed by children after they reach an age of six months

Erklärung

Frage 56 von 73

1

which behaviour has not been observed in cephalopod species (squad, octopus ect)

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • hiding in coconut shells, as examples of tool use

  • moving coconut shells, as examples of tool use

  • signing, using tenticles, as examples of language use

  • opening jars as examples of problem solving

Erklärung

Frage 57 von 73

1

which of the following is true to chimpanzee language?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Nim Chimpsky is a famous chimpanzee language learner

  • Noam Chimpsy is a famous chimpanzee language learner

  • all chimpanzee language acquisition is a result of simple stimulus-response learning

  • no chimpanzee has ever learned sign language

Erklärung

Frage 58 von 73

1

which of the following brain structures are best conserved across the last 500 million years of vertebrate solution

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the brain stem

  • the frontal lobe

  • the thalamus

  • the hippocampus

Erklärung

Frage 59 von 73

1

which of brain structure is not associated with the experience of basic emotions

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the brain stem

  • the frontal lobes

  • the hypothalamus

  • the anterior cingulate gyrus

Erklärung

Frage 60 von 73

1

which of the following is not true of the behaviour of mammals after parent infant seperation

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • soon after seperation (ie acutely), the infant makes distress vocalisation

  • after substantial time has passed seperation (ie chronically), the infant is passive and subdued

  • distress vocalisation can be decreased in the infant by contact comfort

  • distress vocalisation can be increased in the infant by administering opiates

Erklärung

Frage 61 von 73

1

in 1971, Jane Goodall described that a chimpanzee avoided retrieving a piece of fruit in front of the others, because she might have to share the fruit. Here Goodall was reporting an example of

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • theory of mind

  • mirror self awareness

  • tool use

  • problem solving

Erklärung

Frage 62 von 73

1

Thomas Nagels famous essay about bats and animal minds suggested that...

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • theres evidence

  • no current evidence

  • don’t know what it’s like as it’s impossible due to principle

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 63 von 73

1

Alex the parrot is not able to

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • name qualities

  • name colours and shapes

  • understand concepts such a larger and different

  • ask questions

Erklärung

Frage 64 von 73

1

the orbitalfrontal cortex

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • lies behind the central sulcus

  • inhibits socially inacceptable behaviour

  • is spared by prefrontal lobotomy

  • is another name for Brocas area

Erklärung

Frage 65 von 73

1

In a patient with bilateral destruction of the amygdala, which of these symptoms would be lease expected

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the incapability to determine that pictures depicit concrete or abstract objects

  • low memorisation of emotionally negative events presented in a story

  • reduced bilateral activation of the amygdala while viewing the negative pictures

  • the same startle response while viewing neutral and unpleasant pictures

Erklärung

Frage 66 von 73

1

the limbic system is involved in

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • emotions and balancing

  • memory and language

  • language, balance and sleep

  • memory and emotions

Erklärung

Frage 67 von 73

1

change in behaviour

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • following brain injury can be exactly predicted from brain lesions

  • cannot modify the structure and/or function of the human brain

  • are more complex for association cortex lesions than primary sensory lesions

  • the ​result from physical alterations of brain tissue, not chemical changes

Erklärung

Frage 68 von 73

1

prefrontal lobotomy​

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • is the best method to treat patients with abnormal social behaviour

  • refers to the injection of neuroleptics in the prefrontal cortex

  • was developed because neuroleptics had not yet been invented

  • corresponds to the cutting of the corpus collosum

Erklärung

Frage 69 von 73

1

which of the following has least to do with emotions

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the amygdala

  • the basal ganglia

  • the sense of smell

  • the peri-aqueductal grey matter

Erklärung

Frage 70 von 73

1

patients with a lesion in the amygdala

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • tend to be hyper sensitive to sudden noises and are started by them

  • tend to only remember emotional details when they read a story

  • don't understand well the content of speech but are bothered by prosody

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 71 von 73

1

a member of an African tribe who had never had contact with our civilisation expressed emotions that are highly recognisable by european observers. This shows that...

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • people if Africa learnt to express emotion in the same way as Europeans

  • the African tribe in question in fact had unreported contacts with European civilisation

  • emotional expression has a genetic basis and is universal

  • all of the above

Erklärung

Frage 72 von 73

1

labotomy in the 1950s

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • involved removing the majority of the frontal lobe from the patients brain leaving them only sound tissue

  • was used as a last resort to assist patients with severe and debiliating anxiety attacks

  • was inspired by the case of Phinease Gage who survived a terrible accident

  • involved anesthesia and several hours of operation for every patient

Erklärung

Frage 73 von 73

1

frontal patients

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • have more violent urges to do things and are often seen as unstoppable by their family

  • manifest from major memory losses and struggle to remember things that have happened to them

  • show little interest in others and themselves and struggle to initate actions

  • have severly dystfunctional language in both comprehension and production

Erklärung