Cancer

Description
-a malignant neoplastic disorder that involves all body organs with manifestations that vary according to the body system affected and the type of tumour cells

Cancer Classification
-originate from blood and cell-forming tissues, such as leukemias, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma

Cancer classification
-Associated with the organs from which they develop, such as breast cancer or lung cancer

Causes of pain

Common sites of metastasis
-Bladder Cancer
-Brain Tumors
-Breast Cancer
-Colorectal Cancer
-Lung Cancer
-Prostate Cancer
-Testicular Cancer

Warning signs of cancer
CAUTION

Diagnostic Tests

Pain Control Interventions

Description
This is indicated to diagnose, stage and treat certain types of cancer

Types of surgery for cancer
-This is performed in clients with an existing premalignant condition or a known family history or genetic mutation that strongly predisposes the person to the development of cancer
-an attempt is made to remove the tissue or organ at risk and thus prevent the development of cancer

Types of surgery for cancer
-all gross and microscopic tumor is removed or destroyed

Types of surgery for cancer
-this is a debulking procedure that consists of removing a large portion of a locally invasive tumor, such as advanced ovarian cancer
-surgery decreases the number of cancer cells,therefore it may increase the chance that other therapies will be successful

Types of surgery for cancer
-This is performed to improve quality of life during the survival time
-this is performed to reduce pain, relieve airway obstruction, relieve obstructions in the gastrointestinal or urinary tract, relieve pressure on the brain or spinal cord, prevent hemorrhage, remove infected or ulcerated tumors, or drain abscesses

Types of surgery for cancer
-this type of surgery is performed to improve quality of life by restoring maximal function and appearance, such as breast reconstruction after mastectomy

Adverse effects of surgery

Description
-This kills or inhibits the reproduction of neoplastic cells and kills normal cells
-the effects are systemic since this is administered systemically
-normal cells most profoundly affected include those of the skin, hai, and lining of the GI tract, spermatocytes and hematopoietic cells
-This may be used in combination with other treatments like surgery and radiation

Common side effects of Chemotherapy

Description
-This destroys cancer cells, with inimal exposure of normal cells to the damaging effects of radiation; the damaged cells die or become unable to divide
-this is effective on tissues directly within the path of the radiation beam

Types of Radiation Therapy
-the actual radiation source is external to the client
-instruct the client regarding self care of the skin
-client does not emit radiation and does not pose a hazard to anyone else

Types of Radiation Therapy
-the radiation source comes into direct, continuous contact with tumor tissues for a specific time
-the radiation source is within the client; for a period of time, the client emits radiation and can pose a hazard to others
-this therapy includes an unsealed source or a sealed source of radiation
-Unsealed radiation source: Given PO or IV or instillation into body cavities, source is not confined completed to one body area and it enters body fluids and eventually is eliminated via various excreta, which are radioactive and harmful to others, most of the source is eliminated w/in 48 hours, then neither the client nor the excrete is radioactive or harmful
-sealed radiation source: temporary or permanent source is implanted w/in the tumor target tissues, the client emits radiation while the implant is in place, excreta not radioactive
-removal of sealed radiation sources: client is not radioactive after, inform that cancer isnt contagious
-follow the HCPs prescription regarding resumption of sex if implant was cervical or vaginal, and to notify if any occur

Client Education about care of the skin for Radiation Therapy (Teletherapy)

Care of the client with a Sealed Radiation Implant (Brachytherapy)

Description
-This procedure replaces stem cells tat have been destroyed by high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy
-commonly used to treat leukemia and lymphoma, but can be used to treat other kinds of cancers, such as neuroblastoma and multiple myeloma

Types of donor stem cells
-stem cell donor is usually a sibling, a parent with similar tissue type, or a person who is not related to the client (unrelated donor)

Types of stem cell donor
-stem cells are from an identical twin

Types of stem cell donor
-most common type
-client receives his or her own stem cells
-stem cells harvested during disease remission and are stored frozen to be reinfused later

Procedure f Bone Marrow Transplantation

Complications of Bone Marrow Transplant