Which two acids are formed when chlorine gas is mixed with water?
Citric acid and hydrochloric acid
Hypochlorous acid and dichloramine
Hypochlorous acid and monochloramine
Hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid
Which of the following is a disinfection by-product (DBP)?
Methane
Chlorine
Trihalomethane
Chloramine
_____________ is a DBP precursor
Natural organic matter
Arsenic
Nitrate
Lead
Which of the following is a velocity meter?
Nutating disk
Propeller
Piston
Compound
What is true about a pipe with a C value of 100?
Very smooth interior
Very strong pipe
Very weak pipe
Very rough interior
Which of the following is a map that provides an overall view of the entire distribution system, and includes treatment plants, wells, reservoirs, mains, hydrants, and valves?
Combination map
Conditional map
Comprehensive map
Process schematic
Which terminology refers to the bottom of a pipe interior?
Invert
Crown
Lateral
Subsurface
Which of the following best describes transpiration?
The process by which atmospheric moisture falls onto land
The process by which water vapor is released to the atmosphere by living plants
The conversion of vapor to liquid
The conversion of liquid to solid
Choose the best answer regarding coliform sampling.
Samples are taken based on the number of complaints received during the prior month
All samples are taken at the largest tank sites
Samples must be taken in accordance with an approved sampling plan
Samples are taken based on the total length of water main
What is the purpose of a venturi?
Measure pH
Measure amount of tuberculation in a pipe
Measure the water depth in a tank
Measure flow rate
Which terminology is used to describe the upper surface of an unconfined aquifer?
Borehole
Drawdown
Water table
Zone of influence
What must be worn before entering a room with a chlorine gas leak?
Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
Lanyard
Harness
Cable
How are disinfection by-products formed?
Chlorine reacts with arsenic
Chlorine reacts with nitrate
Chlorine reacts with iron
Chlorine reacts with natural organic matter
What is true about positive displacement pumps?
It is commonly used to pump groundwater from a well
Never operate it with the discharge valve closed because it could rupture the discharge pipe
Flow rate varies with change in pressure
An impeller is used to move water
Which of the following is a strong base?
pH = 6
pH = 7
pH = 14
pH = 1
Which of the following is a non-transient, non-community water system?
School
Park
Motel
Restaurant
How many feet above the top of a trench must a ladder extend?
At least 5 feet above the top of the trench
At least 4 feet above the top of the trench
At least 3.5 feet above the top of the trench
At least 3 feet above the top of the trench
What is the purpose of a pitot gauge?
Test water quality
Determine flow rate
Test corrosivity of water
Check strength of pipe
What is true about a fusible plug on a chlorine cylinder?
It is used to remove chlorine from a cylinder
It is where chlorine is refilled by an operator
It is a safety device that must never be removed
It is primarily used to lift the chlorine cylinder
What is methemogrlobinemia
Toxic gas
Disease caused by lead
Ailment caused by coliform
Blue Baby Syndrome
Which law set the national drinking water standards?
Safe Drinking Water Act
Federal Water Act
National Potable Water Act
Federal Drinking Water Rule
Which of the following is true about coliform sampling?
Monthly sampling requirements are based on the total length of service laterals in the distribution system
Routine coliform monitoring frequency for a community water system is based on the size of the population served.
Monthly sampling requirements are based on the peak demand
Monthly sampling requirements are based on the total length of water main in the distribution system
__________________ is a type of centrifugal pump.
Plunger pump
Piston pump
Vertical tubrine pump
Diaphragm pump
Which of the following is true regarding Tier 2 of the Public Notification Rule?
Customers must be notified as soon as possible, but wtihin 30 days if a contaminant that doesn't pose an immediate health risk exceeds the MCL
Customers must be notified within 24 hours if there is potential for human health to be immediately impacted
Customers must be notified within a year if a required water sample was not taken
Customers must be notified within 48 hours if there is potential for human health to be immediately impacted
What is flexural strength of a pipe?
Force required to pull a pipe to the point of failure
Compressive force
Ability of a pipe to resist tensile force
Ability of a pipe to bend without breaking
___________________ are types of impeller for a centrifugal pump.
Semi-open and closed
Positive and negative
Mechanical and packing
Cation and anion
What is the maximum practical suction lift for a centrifugal pump?
50 feet
Between 1 and 5 feet
Between 15 and 25 feet
75 feet
What is a Consumer Confidence Report?
An annual report that summarizes the finances of the water purveyor
An annual report that projects the water demand for the next five years
An annual water quality report to customers regarding their drinking water
A bi-annual report that evaluates the reliability of the water system in case of a catastrophe
What is back-siphonage?
Backflow from a house with higher water pressure than the adjacent water main
Reverse flow from a factory pump to the water distribution system
Unprotected connection between a non-potable water source and teh water distribution system
Backflow due to negative pressure in the water system
What is used to test for leakages in pipes?
Pitot gauge
Pressure testing
Anode
Swab
What is a grout seal in a well?
A deal used to minimize water leakage from a well pump
The gasket used to connect the well casings to the pump
Concrete foundation for the well pump
Grout placed outside of the well casing to prevent contamination of the aquifer
What will cause a well pump to backspin after pumping has stopped?
Cone of depression
Cavitation
An open check valve
A damaged air release valve
____________________ is commonly implemented to resolve taste and odor issues in the water distribution system.
Flushing
Adding polymer
Adding copper sulfate
Injecting sodium thiosulfate
What would trigger a Level 1 Assessment for a distribution system that collects at least 40 total coliform samples per month?
More than 10% of samples collected are total coliform positive
More than 5% of samples are total coliform positive
More than 7% of samples are total coliform positive
More than 12% of samples collected are total coliform postive
What is residual drawdown?
The difference between the static water level and pumping water level
The lowering of the water table by an adjacent well pump
If the water level in a well does not return to its original static water level after pumping has stopped, the vertical distance it falls short is the residual drawdown
The difference between the ground surface and the pumping water level
What problem occurs when the water has low pH?
Scaling
High alkalinity
Stratification
Corrosion
What is recover time for a well?
The run time of a well pump
The time it takes to cool a well pump
The time required for the water level to return to the static water level after pumping has stopped
The time it takes to pump the maximum flow rate after the pump has started
Which disinfectant is most widely used for a public water system?
UV
Ozone
What is the purpose of a coupon in a water distribution system?
Remove tuberculation
Check the corrosiveness of water
Relieve excess pressure
Used to make a hot tap
What is a zone of influence for a well?
The area that covers the limits of cone of depression
The difference between the static water level and the pumping water level
The water level in the well when the pump is operating
The water level in the well when the pump has been turned off
What is one of the main benefits of repairing a water main while it is pressurized?
Safety of construction employees
Helps remove tuberculation
Allows crew to check the interior condition of the pipe
Minimizes the chances of contaminating the water supply
What is the recommended minimum horizontal separation between a new water main and an existing gravity sewer?
1 foot
5 feet
10 feet
20 feet
What must be done if a repeat sample tests positive for total coliform bacteria?
Test sample for Giardia
Test sample for E. coli
Test sample for Cryptosporidium
Test sample for viruses
What is dichloramine?
Free residual chlorine
A chemical used to dechlorinate water
Combined residual chlorine
Hypochlorous acid
What is used to check for fecal contamination in a water distribution system?
Presence / absence test for coliform bacteria
Cryptosporidium test
Virus analysis
Test for Gieardia
What is an appropriative water right?
A water right that is aquired with title to land, bordering surface water
A water right that is acquired through adverse possession of someone else's water right
A water right for a homeownder who purchased property adjacent to a river
A water right that is acquired for the beneficial use of water by following a specific legal procedure
What is holding time?
The time it takes to prime a pump
Elapsed time between sample collection and analysis
The time it takes chlorine to react with ammonia
The time it takes to flush a hydrant
Which water source is most protected from pathogens?
River
Lake
Deep well
Shallow aquider
What is a radial well?
Artesian well
Shallow well
A pilot well
A caisson with horizontally drilled wells
What is the purpose of packing in a pump?
Minimize leakage, while allowing a slight leak
Completely stop leakage
Impart velocity to the water
Protect shaft from excessive wear-and-tear
What is the purpose of seal water in a pump?
Increase pump pressure
Cool and lubricate the packings
Cool the motor
Clean the impeller
What is the purpose of a mechanical seal?
Create a water-tight bell and spigot joint for a pipe
Prevent surface water from contaminating the aquifer
Connect a new water main to an existing pipe
Prevent leakage from a pump
Which valve is commonly used in control valves?
Gate valve
Globe valve
Butterfly valve
Air release valve
Which terminology means "a sudden change in water pressure, caused by quickly opening or closing a valve?"
Tuberculation
Water Hammer
What type of sample should be used to test for bacteria?
Grab sample
Composite sample
Comprehensive sample
Mixed sample
_______________ is a condition in which dissolved oxygen is present in water?
Anaerobic
Aerobic
Thermocline
Hydrophobic
Which of the following is a secondary containment?
Aresenic
Manganese
What is true about a hydropneumatic tank?
Always sized for fire flow
Often used at a water treatment plant to store treated water
Typically found in large water systems to provide water via gravity flow
Provides inadequate fire protection
What is the purpose of a thrust block in a water distribution system?
Stop the flow of water
Restrain and prevent movement of the piping system
Push air bubbles out of the water main
A pump station that adds significant head to the water
What is the chlorine residual if the chlorine does is 3.3 mg/L and the chlorine demand is 1.2 mg/l?
4.5 mg/L
1.2 mg/L
2.2 mg/L
2.1 mg/L
Which of the following is a primary contaminant?
Iron
Chloride
How often should large water meters be tested?
Every 1-4 years
Every 5-7 years
Bi-Monthly
Monthly
What is the purpose of using a jumper cable when removing a water meter?
Corrosion control
Maintain proper alignment of the service lateral
Prevent settling of the meter box
Avoid electrical shock
How does water temperature affect the effectiveness of chlorine?
Chlorine becomes less effective as the water temperature becomes warmer
The higher the temperature, the more rapid the rate of disinfection
Water temperature does not impact the effectiveness of chlorine
Chlorine effectiveness significantly fluctuates as the water temperature increases
What is per capita water usage?
The total amount of water used within a water distribution system each month
The total amount of water used by a water district each year
Average day demand divided by the total number of people served
The total amount of water used by a family in one year
Which chemical is commonly used as a liquid disinfectant in the water industry?
Sodium hypochlorite
Sodium chloride
Sodium hydroxide
Calcium hypochlorite
What is a volatile substance?
Inorganic matter
Organic matter
All suspended solids
All dissolved solids
What could cause water to appear black?
What is the purpose of the drain hole in a dry barrel fire hydrant?
Dewater water main prior to repair
A drain hole is not commonly found on a dry barrel hydrant
Remove water from the barrel of the hydrant
What is a composite sample?
A single sample of water collected at a particular time and place
A sample to test for pH
A collection of individual samples obtained at regular intervals
A sample to test for coliform bacteria
What is the most common type of water meter for residential services?
Nutating disk water meter
Propeller water meter
Electromagnetic meter
Venturi meter
What is the proper way to close a hydrant valve?
Quickly close the valve
Slowly close the valve
Close the largest valve near the hydrant
Close the smallest valve on the adjacent water main
What problem would most likely occur if a pump motor is over greased?
Lantern ring is damaged
Packings wear out quickly
Mechanical seal becomes loose
Overheating
What is total dynamic head?
Friction loss
The difference in water level between the discharge side and suction side of the pump
Total static head + head loss
The water pressure on the discharge side of the pump
What is total static head?
The head on the suction side of the pump
The head on the discharge side of the pump
Friction loss when the pump is running
The vertical distance between the free water surface on the discharge side of the pump and the suction side of the pump
Which source water typically contains the most iron and manganese?
Groundwater
Stream
What is one of the roles of the attendant during confined space entry?
Authorize entry
Assess the conditions inside and outside the confined space to determine if it is safe for the entrant to remain inside, and orders the entrant to evacuate the confined space as necessary
Cancel the entry permit, as necessary
Verify that all testes specified by the permit have been condcuted and that all procedures and equipment specified by the permit are in place before endorsing the permit
What is the source of E. coli?
Intestines of warm-blooded organisms
Reptiles
Fish
Vegetation
What will happen if the hydrochloric acid concentration in the water increases?
pH will increase
pH will be unaffected
pH will significantly fluctuate
pH will decrease
What is chlorine demand?
The amount of chlorine remaining after contact time
Total chlorine dosage
The difference between the total chlorine added to the water and the chlorine residual
The amount of chlorine injected into water
What is used to measure the flow rate of chlorine gas from a cylinder?
Ejector
Yoke clamp
Fusible plug
Rotameter
What does pH represent?
Hypochlorite concentration
Measure of hydrogen ion activity
Hydrogen peroxide concentration
Phosphorus and hydrogen concentration
What is typically used to measure flow rate in an open channel?
Weir
Positive displacement meter
What causes turbidity?
Suspended solids
Calcium
Sodium
Magnesium
Why would you not use Lead pipe?
Problem with connecting with pipes of different metals
tuberculation issues
Turbulence issues
Corrosion risks
Where is the shut off valve for a dry barrel hydrant?
Top of the hydrant
On the lateral
within 2 feet of the hydrant
Bottom of the hydrant with 2 drain holes
How many pounds of pressure on a 9" closed gate valve with a registered 60 psi?
540 pounds
2543 pounds
3340 pounds
4860 pounds
Who determines if a trench needs shoring?
Competent Person
Employee in the trench
Water Engineer
City Official
A green paint marking indicates what when excavating a 6 foot trench within 20 feet of a ladder?
Safe to dig here
Sewer lines near here
5 feet from the safety of a ladder insertion point
Treated water line near here
Why would you open a dry barrel hydrant completely
To provide maximum flow
To flush the operating nut
To provide access to the drain holes
To test pH at the next hydrant
How would you check the residual pressure of a dry barrel fire hydrant?
Open the hydrant adjacent in the service line
Connect a potentiomenter
DPD tester
Step down test
How do you check the level of a chlorine gas cylinder?
Weight it
With an injector
Wiggle the cylinder
With a pressure guage
What strength is chlorine gas?
12.5%
25%
65%
100%
White paint markings indicate what?
Water line beneath ground
Telecommunications line beneath ground
Gas line beneath ground
Excavation area
What is the residual pressure in reference to measuring a fire hydrant residual pressure?
Pressure reading before water flows.
Measurement obtained by a pitot guage on the top of the hydrant
Pressure reading while water is flowing (from an outlet other than the flow outlet.)
Pressure remaining after all valves have been closed for 60 seconds or more
How long do you wait to flush the line after using the tablet method for a new line?
1 hour
6 hours
24 hours
48 hours
Which of the following is best for disinfecting short sections of pipe?
Slug Method
Tablet Method
Pigging Method
Fill Method
What is galvanic corrosion?
Galvanized pipe connected to pvc pipe
Copper connected to lead pipe
Pvc pipe connected to a pump
Galvanized pipe with high pH water
Which of the following are disinfection types used in water distribution systems
Calcium Hypychlorite
Sodium Hypochlorite
Sodium Thiosulfate
Which are used to dechlorinate water?
Sodium thiosulfate
calcium aerobic
ascorbic acid
sulfur dioxide
