Physical and psychological dependence are major adverse effects of direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxants.
Direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxants interfere with __________ ions involved in skeletal muscle contraction.
calcium
phosphorus
sodium
magnesium
Neuromuscular blocking drugs work by:
a. disrupting nerve impulses at motor end plates
b. disrupting nerve impulses at post-synaptic neurons
c. both the above are true
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs are derived from curare alkaloids.
The __________ is that area where a terminal nerve ending innervates a muscle.
a. motor end plate
b. synaptic cleft
Curare alkaloids:
Paralyze the diaphragm preventing breathing
Cross the blood-brain-barrier
Make one go unconscious immediately
Compete with phosphorus involved in muscle contraction
The antidote for curare alkaloids are __________ drugs.
anti-cholinesterase
cholinesterase
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs cannot be inactivated by cholinesterase.
Succinylcholine is metabolized slower than acetylcholine, resulting in:
Longer muscle paralysis
Shorter muscle paralysis
Succinylcholine has nothing to do with muscle paralysis
Parkinson’s disease:
a. has a deficiency of dopamine
b. has an excess of acetylcholine
c. is a movement disorder
d. all the above are true
Akinesia is the absence of:
the power of voluntary movement
the ability to think
diaphragmatic movement
the ability of speech
The 2 types of therapy for Parkinson’s disease are __________ and __________ drugs.
anti-cholinergic; dopaminergic
anti-cholinergic; anti-cholinesterase
cholinergic; dopaminergic
cholinergic; anti-cholinesterase
Another name for anti-cholinergic drugs is __________ drugs.
parasympatholytic
sympatholytic
Too much acetylcholine will excite the CNS causing parkinsonian tremor.
Dopaminergic drugs act on the brain to improve motor function.
Levodopa can convert to dopamine:
before crossing the blood-brain-barrier
after crossing the blood-brain-barrier
both the above are true
COMT inhibitors are reversible.
Triptans are used to treat:
musculoskeletal issues
migraines
seizures
Parkinson’s disease
5-HT1-receptor agonists and ergotamine preparations are both used in the treatment of:
Abortive anti-migraine drugs are designed to stop a migraine:
a. after it starts
b. before it starts
c. both the above are correct
d. neither of the above are correct
