A negative chronotropic effect:
increases the force of heart muscle contractions
slows the heart rate
slows electrical impulse conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node
Diogoxin:
a. is a cardiac glycoside
b. is derived from the foxglove plant
c. is derived from digitalis
d. all the above are true
Digoxin is used to treat supraventricular arrhythmias as it acts on the CNS to slow heart rate.
Class I anti-arrhythmic drugs are:
sodium channel blockers
beta-blockers
used for life-threatening arrhythmias only
calcium channel blockers
Which subclass of Class I anti-arrhythmic drugs slow conduction?
Class IA
Class IB
Class IC
Class ID
Which class of anti-anginal drugs is used for long-term angina prevention?
a. nitrates
b. beta blockers
c. calcium channel blockers
d. None of the above are used for angina
Nitrates cause smooth muscle in veins to constrict.
Decreased calcium causes the coronary arteries to dilate.
Which type of anti-hypertensive drug are calcium channel blockers that prevent the contraction of vascular smooth muscle?
a. sympatholytic drugs
b. vasodilating drugs
c. ACE inhibitors
d. Angiotensin II receptor blockers
__________ promotes the excretion of aldosterone.
renin
angiotensin I
angiotensin II
The result of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion.
__________ work(s) between angiotensin I and angiotensin II.
ACE inhibitors
aldosterone
Of the 3 classes of diuretic drugs, which are sulfonamide derivatives?
thiazide diuretics
loop diuretics
potassium-sparing diuretics
Resorption involves leaving the tubules for body tissues.
Salts are typically secreted from the ascending Loop of Henle.
Anti-diuretic hormone causes water resorption at the __________.
proximal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
collecting duct
The greatest volume of urine production is with __________ diuretics.
thiazide
loop
potassium-sparing
Anti-lipemic drugs lower __________.
a. cholesterol
b. triglycerides
c. phospholipids
d. all the above are correct
Which of the following are ways that anti-lipemic drugs work?
a. bind bile acids
b. interfere with cholesterol synthesis
c. decrease apolipoprotein B
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are another name for statin drugs.