The amplitude of a sound wave is its intensity
After sound waves pass through the auditory canal, they strike the tympanic membrane
According to the place theory, the basilar membrane resembles the strings of a piano in that each is tuned to a specific frequency
Amusia refers to impaired detection of frequency changes
Most cells in the auditory cortex respond best to pure tones
Conductive deafness is primarily a problem with the auditory nerve
Opiates exert their pain relieving effects by their action in the periphery of the body
Endorphins are only released when painful stimuli are present
What is the intensity of a sound wave called?
Tone
Loudness
Amplitude
Frequency
Loudness is to _____ as pitch is to _____
Amplitude; intensity
Amplitude; frequency
Pitch; tone
Frequency; intensity
What is another name for the tympanic membrane?
Cochlea
Pinna
Auditory nerve
Eardrum
The malleus, incus and stapes are small bones
That transmit information from the tympanic membrane to the oval window
In the outer ear
That transmit information from the outer ear to the middle ear
In the inner ear
The fact that the various parts of the basilar membrane are tightly bound together is problematic for which of the following?
Both the frequency theory and the place theory
The place theory
Then volley theory
The frequency theory
People with massive damage to the primary auditory cortex:
Can no longer hear and recognise simple sounds
Are rendered deaf to only high-frequency sounds
Cannot reorganise combinations or sequences of sounds
Are rendered completely deaf
Conductive deafness is also known as:
An outer ear deafness
Middle ear deafness
Inner ear deafness
Nerve deafness
Damage to part of the cochlea that sends information about high frequency sounds to the primary auditory cortex could result in:
Complete hearing loss
Inability to hear sounds
Tinnitus
Hearing loss in the opposite ear
A sound shadow refers to:
How much louder a high-frequency sound is for the ear closest to the sound
In phase sound waves
The time it takes sound waves to reach the ear
Out of phase sound waves
In the otoliths organs, the otoliths are calcium carbonate particles that:
Enhance sound localisation
Vibrate with different frequencies
Stabilise the semicircular canals
Push against hair cells when moved
The function of the semicircular canals is to:
Establish a sense of direction whilst travelling
Locate the source of high frequency tones
Detect movement of the head
Locate the source of low frequency tones
Endorphins
Are human-made drugs which mimic endorphins
Have chemical structures just like morphine
Increase pain
Can interact with the same receptors as morphine
Which of the following is true according to the law of specific nerve energies?
Any stimulation of the auditory nerve is perceived as sound
A single nerve can convey either auditory or visual information
Each sensory system as a unique electrical charge
If one sensory system becomes inactive, others will compensate
What is the name of the receptor cells of the auditory system?
Rods and cones
Sound bulbs
Hair cells
Basilar membranes
Perception of low tone is to _____ as perception of high tone is to _____.
Volley principle; frequency theory.
Frequency theory; place theory
Place theory; volley principle
Gate theory; frequency theory
What is the major problem for the frequency theory of sound perception?
It cannot account for the perception of low pitch sounds
It cannot account for the perception of low amplitude sounds
It requires the cochlea to vibrate, but it does not
Neurons cannot respond as quickly as the theory requires
The frequency theory of pitch perception works well for _____ frequencies, while the place theory works well for the perception of _____ frequencies
Low; low
High; low
High; high
Low; high
High frequency tones produce maximum displacement
At the base of the basilar membrane
At the apex of the basilar membrane
In the middle of the basilar membrane
Across the entire length of the basilar membrane
To what lobe of the cerebral cortex is auditory information sent?
Occipital
Temporal
Parietal
Frontal
What is the basic path of sound waves from the outside world through to the inner ear.
a. Auditory canal, pinna, ossicles, tympanic membrane, small oval window, cochlea, auditory nerve
b. Pinna, auditory canal, small oval window, ossicles, tympanic membrane, cochlea, auditory nerve
c. Pinna, auditory canal, tympanic membrane, ossicles, small oval window, cochlea, auditory nerve
d. Auditory canal, pinna, tympanic membrane, ossicles, small oval window, cochlea, auditory nerve
Which theory accounts for each frequency activating hair cells at one place along the basilar membrane like piano strings in the higher frequencies
a. Frequency theory
b. Volley principle
c. Place theory
d. Tonotopic theory
Which theory explains that the basilar membrane vibrates in synchrony with a sound, causing the auditory nerve axons to produce action potentials at the same frequency for the lower frequencies?
Which theory says that it is cooperation between hair cells that allows each cell to capture a bit of sound in the mid range frequencies?
