Chief operators never use past records to adjust treatment processes.
All water comes in the form of precipitation.
Many organisms that cause disease in humans originate with the fecal discharges of infected individuals.
Rain water is pure
Groundwater is high in dissolved oxygen
The impact of a contaminant on surface water depends on the receiving water’s ability to assimilate contaminant
An Oligotrophic lake has low nutrient content.
reatment plant operators do not need to keep informed of local, state and federal regulations.
Local conditions have an influence on methods of managing lakes and reservoirs used for domestic water supplies.
Precipitation is high in bacterial count.
Color in water is objectionable mainly from the standpoint of health.
The specific disease-producing organisms present in water are hard to identify
Temperature has no impact on the effectiveness of copper sulfate
Excessive Nitrate in drinking water can lead to cancer
The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule does not address Cryptosporidium.
Measuring biological oxygen demand can be used to indirectly measure the organic content of the water
The State’s regulatory program can be less stringent than the US EPA’s program.
Primary drinking water standards are not mandatory standards.
Stratification develops when a warm layer of water overlies a colder layer
Under the Total Coliform Rule the MCL is violated if 5% of the samples collected in a month are total coliform positive.
Porosity is the volume of space in a given amount of material.
Drawdown is the water level in a well when the pump is on moving water.
Suspended matter has little or no effect on copper sulfate treatment.
There is no minimum requirement for distribution chlorine residual under the SWTR.
The turbidity requirement under the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment rule is <0.3 NTU
The ________ is the continuous exchange of water between the earth and the atmosphere.
Hydropneumatic cycle
Life cycle
Hydraulic gradient
Hydrologic cycle
What is the purpose of a water treatment plant?
To produce safe and pleasant drinking water
To produce water containing toxic substances
To produce water transmitting disease-causing organisms
To produce water with agreeable taste, odor or appearance
What does the size of a water treatment plant depend upon?
The water supply
Impurities in the water
Regulatory Factors
All of the above
All of the following factors influence the concentration of copper sulfate needed for effective control of algae blooms except?
Alkalinity
Water pH
Septic tanks
Water temperature
What is the purpose of the chemical coagulation process?
Cause very fine particles to clump together into larger particles
Filter out remaining suspended particles
Kill disease-causing organisms
Settle out larger suspended particles
Which constituent is not a chemical contaminant?
Inorganic
Volatile Organic
Synthetic Organic
Bacteria
A water-bearing geological formation is referred to as a(n)?
Aquifer
Aquarium
Water table
Bed rock
A 4 log removal rate is equal to what percent?
90
99
99.9
99.99
Whenever a chemical algae control program is started, when should monitoring be performed?
Before, during and after use of chemicals
Before visits by regulatory agencies
When staff are available
Whenever results are needed for analysis
Plants give off water vapor to the atmosphere through a process called?
Percolation
Evaporation
Transpiration
All of the Above
Organic matter combined with chlorine can create?
Septic Conditions
Trihalomethane's
Acidic water unfit for human consumption
Legionella
Which of the following does not influence surface runoff?
Rainfall intensity
Soil composition
Mineral content of the water
Vegetation covering the ground
Surface water runoff such as creeks and rivers collect water from an area of land towards one primary water course and is known as the?
Contributory
Pooling area
Watershed
Canyon
When using a river or stream as a water supply, what is a major concern?
Downstream usage
Spawning conditions
Groundwater quality
Upstream conditions
The area outward from the center of a well that is affected during pumping is called the?
Radius of influence
Zone of saturation
Impervious section
The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires the ________ and ________ of Giardia
Coagulation and sedimentation
Removal and inactivation
Disinfection and flocculation
Coagulation and disinfection
A direct filtration water treatment plant does not include?
Coagulation
Sedimentation
Filtration
Flocculation
What is the major type of problem caused by waste water contamination of a domestic water supply?
Loss of reservoir capacity
Scouring
Siltration
Nutrient loading
Why must operators constantly monitor raw water quality in a river?
To detect sudden pollutant loads
To inform the public in Consumer Confidence Reports
To justify lab workload and budget
To notify wastewater treatment plant operators
What are the primary responsibilities of Water Treatment Operators?
Produce pleasant drinking water
Produce safe drinking water
Protect health and well-being of the community
Which is not a trophic state of a lake?
Oligotrophic
Endotrophic
Mesotrophic
Eutrophic
A disinfected water supply is one in which
All bacteria and viruses have been sterilized
All algae have been destroyed
All pathogenic organisms have been inactivated or destroyed
Which of the following is not considered a point source discharge?
Wastewater discharge
Mine drainage
Storm water runoff
Industrial discharges
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Surface water?
Variable composition
High turbidity
Low dissolved oxygen
Low iron and manganese
What are the typical duties of Water treatment Operators?
Operate process equipment
Calibrate and maintain chemical dosages and applications
Maintain accurate records of operational data
Drinking water standards are usually categorized as being related to either _______ or ________.
Drinkable / Non-Drinkable
Surface supplies / Ground supplies
Health / Aesthetics
Taste / Odor
Which is not a layer in a stratified lake?
Hydrolimnion
Mesolimnion
Hypolimnion
Epilimnion
The number of water samples that must be collected each month in a water distribution system is based on?
The size of the population served
The type of treatment given to the water
The source of the water
The size of the water mains
A system whose number of customers exceeds 25 and are full time residents would be categorized as a?
Non-transient, non-community water system
Community public water system
Potable water system
Transient water system
As a relate of algae blooms, what happens to organic matter within water supply reservoirs
Constant
Decrease
Increase
Unpredictable
In determining the purity of a water sample, it is usually tested for the presence of coliform bacteria because ____________.
It can be detected using a microscope
It can be done in the field
It is one of the disease-bearing bacteria
Its presence may indicate that the water has been contaminated
What is an example of a non-transient non-community water system?
Campground
Restaurant
School
Service station
The EPA has imposed drinking water regulations that cover many contaminants including?
General physical and general mineral characteristics
Organics, inorganic, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
Bacteriological and radiological characteristics
Water has its greatest density at?
40 degrees F
29 degrees F
39 degrees F
35 degrees F
Which is not a bacterium?
Total Coliform
Giardia
E. Coli
How do nutrients cause water quality problems in domestic water supply
Cause pathogen regrowth
Coagulate suspended particles
Stimulate growth of algae
Toxic to aquatic life
Methemoglobinemia is caused by?
Cancer
Flouride
Nitrate
The "Total Coliform Rule" of the SDWA regulations requires the result of coliform testing to be given as?
MPN
Colony forming units (CFUs)
mg/l
Presence / Absence
The first time a distribution water sample is returned with a "positive" test result, one should?
Take another sample from the same location and other designated locations
Notify the public to boil the water
Take a sample from the source
Increase the chlorine dosage
Water shed protection does not include protective measures against?
Boating
Ice cutting
Clear cutting
Landfills
The algae that causes most of the problems in Southern California's lakes is called?
Blue-Green
Green
Diatoms
Oscillatoria Curviceps
Which is not a characteristic of an Oligotrophic lake?
Low nutrient content
Sediment accumulation on lake bottom
Little planktonic growth
Few aquatic plants
Which activity is the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) not responsible for?
Writing water legislation
Setting maximum contaminant levels
Delegating primary enforcement duties to states
Monitors state activities
What is a potential cause of objectionable tastes and odor in a domestic water supply
Algae blooms
Birds
Coliforms
Hardness
What is the primary purpose of vegetation removal in areas where new reservoirs are to be formed?
To control potential fire hazard during filling
To create additional storage space
To eliminate causes of accidents to recreational users
To reduce the organic and nutrient loading in the reservoir
A water system must give a Tier 1 public notice for?
A violation of MCL for VOC's and SOC's
A violation of Total Coliform MCL
A failure to monitor
Failing to comply with variance or exemption
Which outcome is not a result of de-stratification and re-aeration?
Improved water quality
Reduced anaerobic conditions
Reduced turn-over events
Reduced recreational value
The surface water treatment rule requires which removal rate for giardia?
2 log
4 log
1 log
3 log
The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule requires the maintenance of a minimum distribution chlorine residual of?
0.2 mg/l
1.0 mg/l
2.0 mg/l
4.0 mg/l
Which item did the 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act not establish?
Primary Drinking water regulations
Monitoring of chemical and microbiological contaminants
Enforceable standards
Standards for chemical analysis
If algae blooms are a problem the operating agency should develop capabilities for obtaining what types of information?
Extent of algae blooms
Taste and odor conditions related to algae blooms
Water quality problems that develop as a result of the blooms
The effectiveness of copper sulfate treatment is affected by?
Suspended matter
Temperature
What problems may be created for operators by algae blooms in domestic water supply reservoirs?
Increased hardness
Decreased carbon dioxide
Staining of clothes
Increased pH which reduces chlorination efficiency
Additional bacteriological monitoring must be conducted?
After construction of wells
After main installation or repair
After construction, repair or maintenance of storage facilities
Algae blooms in lakes and reservoirs can be controlled by?
Adding nutrients
Reducing oxygen
Chemical methods
Shortening filter runs
The area in a lake where there is sufficient light and nutrients to cause aquatic growth is called the?
Littoral zone
Limnetic zone
Terrestrial zone
Benthic zone
The inactivation of pathogenic organisms is called?
Sterilization
Oxidation
Pasteurization
Disinfection
A change in the pH in a reservoir between the daytime and the night time is cause by?
Algae consuming CO2 during the day and releasing CO2 at nigh
Algae releasing CO2 during the day and consuming CO2 at night
The overfeeding of coffer sulfate
The decomposition of inorganic material
Which is not a major contributor of Nitrate contamination in groundwater?
Leaching from septic systems
Underground fuel tanks
Agriculture fertilizers
Livestock activities
Alkalinity can be defined as?
A measurement of the basic state of water
A measurement of the ability of water to buffer against changes in pH
A measurement of the amount of acid in the water
A measurement of the amount of hydrogen ions in the water
A treatment plant can be defined as?
Any process or set of processes that effect the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of water
Only those processes that constitute conventional water treatment
A place where operators can catch up on their sleep
Any process or set of processes that effect the biological characteristics of water
State Drinking Water Regulations can be found in?
40 CFR part 141-149
Title 17 of the Code of State Regulations
Title 28 of the California Code of State Regulations
Title 22 of the California Code of State Regulations
Turbidity is the measurement of?
The concentration of bacteria in the water
The color of water measured in CFU
A measurement of inorganic material in the water
The amount of particulate material in the water
Compliance sampling must be reported to state by?
The 10th day of following month
Within 24 days
By the end of the month
Within 30 days
The zone in a lake that is considered "open water" is the?
Benthic Zone
Limentic Zone
Littoral Zone
Auto Zone
What is the volume in cubic feet of a circular clarifier 8 feet deep and 40 feet in diameter?
10,048 ft3
15,162 ft3
17,038 ft3
19,625 ft3
22,608 ft3
What is the volume in gallons of a rectangular settling basin 8 feet deep, 12 feet wide, 50 feet long?
47, 672 gallons
35, 904 gallons
43,084 gallons
44,808 gallons
4,800 gallons
How many pounds of copper sulfate will be needed to dose a reservoir with 0.6 mg/l copper? The reservoir volume is 20 million gallons. The copper sulfate is 25% copper. Assume the alkalinity of 40 mg/l.
100 lbs.
400 lbs.
800 lbs.
1,200 lbs.
1,334 lbs.
A reservoir has an average length of 1196 ft and an average width of 961 ft, the alkalinity is 175 mg/l. How many pounds of CuSO4 is needed?
6 lbs.
18 lbs.
20 lbs.
50 lbs.
143 lbs.