According to most dietary guidelines, what percentage of the day's total energy intake should be furnished by carbs?
10-30
45-65
55
What is the staple grain of the USA?
beans
rice
wheat
barley
which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose?
sucrose
glucose
glycose
What is the primary storage form of a carb in the body?
glycogen
fructose
all of the following are sources of dietary carbs except
oats
legumes
fish
which of the following is a component of all three dietary disaccharides ?
the types of atoms found in glucose molecule include all of the following except
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Carbon
Which of the following sugars is not found in plants?
Lactose
Starch
Glycogen
Fiber
Which of the following is not a simple carb?
Galactose
Maltose
All of the following foods are rich sources of soluble fiber except
Wheat Bran
citrus fruits
Sugar causes...
Diabetes
hyperactivity
criminal activity
rots teeth
high blood pressue
fat
kidney stones
What percentage of calories do carbs come from?
50%
80%
What carb source is popular in Europe/N.America?
corn
Carbs are made up of carbon dioxide form the air, water from the sun, and energy from the soil.
Are carbohydrates an organic compound?
Why are Carbs popular in a diet?
Least expensive of the energy yielding nutrients
The highest yield of energy per acre of land
widely available
make up the major source for the world
most easily obtained energy-yielding nutrient
most readily digestible form of energy
all the above
What is the primary role of a Carb?
To supply energy
to give sugar to the body
Mono, Di, and Polysaccharides are the three sugar units.
Which sugar unit is the base for all units?
Dextrose is defined as...
5-10% in chart
goes in IV to keep hydrated
more than one
Glucose is important because...
Form that Carbs circulate into the bloodstream
It's bitter
Dextrose
Most abundant in nature
Does fructose have the same chemical structure as glucose?
Maltose is the sweetest of all simple sugars.
Fructose is converted into what...
corn syrup
Galactose is found in nature.
Galactose is the primary CHO in milk.
Galactose is not produced during digestion
Galactose is a disaccharide.
Sucrose is made up of what two sugar units.
glucose + galactose
galactose + fructose
glucose + fructose
Sucrose is the sweetest of the Disaccharides because of it's fructose.
Sucrose is...
common table sugar
30- 40% of total Kcal
provides the natural sweetness in foods
most abundant saccharide
least sweet DI
found in milk
Lactose is a DIsaccharide.
An example of lactose breaking down is...
yogurt
sour milk
curdling
The sugar units that make up Maltose are...
glucose +sucrose
glucose + glucose
Maltose is a product of CHO digestion.
What is an example of a fermenting process for Maltose?
maple syrup
beer
malt milk
Polysaccharides are...
more complex structures
product of CHO digestion
less soluble
more stable
abundant in nature
The three Polysaccharides are:
starch, sugar, fiber
starch, fiber, glucose
glucose, sugar, fiber
starch, glycogen, fiber
Starch is the least important poly in nutrition
What is the recommended CHO intake?
50- 60 %
55%
Starches are...
easy storage or hard to find
plant sources only
most abundant source in the whole wide world
inexpensive
a complex CHO
Glycogen is a form of CHO that passes through the body
There are large amounts of glycogen in the liver and muscle tissues
Glycogen is
essential to maintain storage
helpful in sustaining glucose levels
Fiber does not
provide energy
give plants structure
provide structure to plant/cell walls
digest
resemble starches
Fiber is classified by it's solubility.
Soluble fiber:
dissolves in water
passes the GI tract intact
forms a gel
lowers cholesterol/glucose
The following are soluble fibers: Oats, Barley, Spinach, Bananas
Almonds and seeds are soluble fibers.
The recommended grams per day for fiber is
10-16
16-20
25-35
The average person gets about 12-20 g per day of fiber.
Name the 6 functions of CHO:
Provide energy
Protein- sparing action
Heart Health
Digestive Health
Glycogen reserves
Prevent Ketosis
Allows sugar to enter quickly through blood stream
Disease prevention
Why is protein-sparing action an important function in CHO?
It spares protein from its major role
Reduces inflammation
Gets energy from but doesn't want to use unless for tissue growth repair
Glycogen reserves means to replenish and balance the body
Heart, GI, and Cancer are example of what function of CHO?
Protein-sparing action
Why is it Preventing Ketosis important?
It is inadequate CHO shifts body's energy metabolism and fat steps in as a energy source (forms Ketosis)
It upsets the balance of the body
Heart Health Function of CHO is important because:
Glycogen reserve in heart
lower blood pressure
improve blood lipids
reduce inflammation
soluble fiber benefit
The minimum dietary intake for CHO is how many grams?
130
200
150
125
