Antifungals are:
tetracyclines
imidazoles
echinocandims
triazols
Synthetic antifungal drugs are
Nystatin
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Antifungal antibiotics are:
Tetracycline
Gentamycin
Amphotericin B
Azoles:
are fungistatic
inhibit cell wall synthesis
inhibit ergosterol synthesis
inhibit hepatic CYP450 enzymes
lmidazoles are:
Fluconazole and ltraconazole
Miconazole and Econazole
Given topically
Given systematically
Ketoconazole is:
the only imidazole that can be given orally
used for treatment of bacterial skin infections
used topically for cutaneous fungal infections
used intravenously for treatment of systemic fungal infections
Fluconazole:
it is non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
is triazole antifungal drug
is administered orally or intravenously
is excreted mainly unchanged with the urine
ADRs of azole antifungals are:
hepatotoxicity
endocrine disorders
nephrotoxicity
nausea, vomiting
Point the correct statements for Nystatin:
has fungistatic activity
causes gastrointestinal disturbances
is effective against Trichomonas vaginalis
is effective against Candida species
ADRs of Amphoteracin B are:
renal impairment
hypokalemia
hypotension
liver impairment
Antiviral drugs act by following mechanisms
inhibition of viral “uncoating”
inhibition of viral DNA or RNA synthesis
inhibition of viral proteases
inhibition of viral penetration into the cell
Point out the correct statements for Aciclovir:
it inhibits viral DNA polymerase
it is used for “treatment of herpesvirus infections
it inhibits neuraminidase enzyme
can be applied topically, orally or intravenously
ADRs of Aciclovir are:
local irritation
encephalopathy (at high i.v. doses)
Drugs for prevention and treatment of flu are:
Aciclovir (Zovirax)
Amantadin (Symmetrel)
Rimantadin (Flumadine)
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Mechanism of action of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is
interference with the function of the viral M2 protein
inhibition of specific neuraminidase enzyme
inhibition of reverse transcriptases
inhibition of proteases
For Amantadine and Rimantadine is true:
resistance can develop rapidly
they are effective against both type A and type B influenza
they are effective against type A influenza viruses
they interfere with the function of the viral M2 protein and block uncoating of the Virus particles
Mechanisms of action of drugs for treatment of HIV infection are:
inhibition of reverse transcriptase
inhibition of HIV protease
inhibition of HIV entry into the host cell
inhibition of the insertion of proviral DNA. into the host cell genome
Point out the correct statements for Zidovudin;
it blocks HIV reverse transcriptase
it blocks HIV protease
it is a nucleoside analogue
it can cause anemia and neutropenia
ADRS of Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are:
peripheral neuropathy
pancreatitis
polymyositis
glaucoma
HIV protease inhibitors are:
Zidovudin
Indinavir
Ritonavir
Aciclovir
For HIV protease inhibitors is true:
protease inhibition prevents maturation of the viral particles
they are enzyme inducers
they are enzyme inhibitors
they are combined with other antiretroviral drugs in the treatment of HIV infection
ADRs of HIV protease inhibitors are:
hyperlipidaemia
insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia
hypoglycaemia
fat redistribution
Inhibitor of both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV reverse transcriptases is:
Lamivudin
lndinavir
Protease inhibitor for treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection is:
Telaprevir
Oseltamivir
Antimycobacterial drugs are:
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Ethambutol
Amoxicillin
Rifampicin (Rifampin):
is bactericidal antibiotic with antimycobacterial activity
is antiviral drug
is broad spectrum antibiotic
is enzyme inducer
Mechanism of action of Rifampicin (Rifampin) is
inhibition of cell wall synthesis
inhibition of 50 S ribosomal subunit
inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
increased cell membrane permeability
ADRs of Rifampicin (Rifampin) are:
heart failure
orange-red color of urine and other secretions
Point out the correct statements for lsoniazid:
inhibits the synthesis of essential for mycobacteria mycolic acid
it is metabolized by, acetylation
it is specific for treatment of M. Tuberculosis
it is active against broad spectrum of bacteria
ADRs of lsoniazld are:
convulsions
hepatitis
lsoniazid-induced peripheral neuropathy can be avoided by:
supplementation with vitamin B1
supplementation with vitamin A
supplementation with vitamin B6
supplementation with vitamin B12
ADRs of Pyrazinamide are:
arrhythmia
hyperuricaemia
Ethambutol:
is bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug
may cause liver failure
may cause optic neuritis
inhibits synthesis of the mycobacterial cell wall
