Microbiology Exam 2

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Which is true about biological reduction of nitrogen gas to ammonia?

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The tendency of systems to go from a lower state of order to a more organized system is supported by which of the below?

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Enzyme(s) by which bacteria assimilate gaseous molecular nitrogen is/are...

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The Ames test...

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Bacterial cells are not diploid because...

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Strains of E. coli with an F-factor that has integrated into the chromosome are known as

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Which of these mechanism(s) do NOT protect nitrogenase from denaturation by molecular oxygen?

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Housekeeping genes are

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Which of the below contributed most to our understanding of "sex" in bacteria?

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Transfer of gnetic information between prokaryotes that requires direct physical contact between the donor and recipient cells and does NOT require a bacterial virus is called

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Four- and five-carbon sugars and NADPH, essential for biosynthetic (anabolic) functions, are provided by which pathway?

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Regulation of metabolic pathways within microorganisms is controlled in which of the following ways?

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Why did Lederberg and Tatum use multiple auxotrophic mutants, i.e., strains with deficiencies in biosynthetic capabilities in several places, in their experiment that demonstrated conjugation in bacteria?

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Positive control of gene transcription involves

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Positive control of gene transcription involves

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Specific regulatory interaction between proteins and DNA

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Genomes of Domain Bacteria...

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Nonsense-supressor mutations...

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Plasmid copy number is which of the below?

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Nitrogenase...

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The use of terminal electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen at the end of an electron transport chain is...

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Which bacteriophage is the model for specialized transduction?

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The rolling circle mechanism of DNA replication is utilized...

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What principal metabolic advantage does fermentation confer to the cell?

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Which of the below mapping methods will give information on the polar relationship of two genes, e.g., whether gene B is between genes A and C?

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The uncoupling of oxidation from phosphorylation during trasport of electrons via an electron trasport system to a terminal electron acceptor

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The capability of a bacterial strain or species to take up naked DNA is called

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Which possible fates for DNA that has been introduced (exogenote) into a new host cell result in the MOST-stable transfer into future generations of the recipient cell?

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The most abundant single protein in the biosphere is

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Okasaki fragments

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A metabolic pathway that fixes carbon dioxide into an organic molecule but does not support autotrophic growth is

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Who was curator for the genetic map of Escherichia coli for many years?

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For this course, we have adopted which terminology as our definition of a "gene?"

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Which of the below used radioisotopes to demonstrate that the DNA and not the protein components of bacteriophages directed infection of the host cell?

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Auxotrophic mutant bacteria

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Which pathway of glucose catabolism is found only in prokaryotic microorganisms

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Who of belaw developed a "chemiosmotic" theory that provided a unified mechanism for how ATP was made during respiration and in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

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Small Interfering, siRNA, or "Silencer RNA" is used to

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Who won the Nobel for discovering transposons

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Which group below has a specialized cell that compartmentalizes nitrogen fixation and sequesters it from oxygenic photosynthesis

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The principle that spontaneous mutations in bacteria are rare and random

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Under optimal conditions, the complete transfer of the entire chromosome during an Hfr x F- mating between two strains of E. coli takes approximately ( 100, 10, 200, 50, 20 ) minutes.

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Mutants of bacteria that are defectiv in biosynthetic capability relative to the wild type can be selected using which of the below?

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Which of the below are/were major player(s) in our understanding of biological nitrogen fixation?

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Which of the below discovered and experimentally demonstrated that a non-living "transforming" material could change an avirulent strain of a bacterium into a virulent, pathogenic microorganism?

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Sulfanilamide...

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To what does the term "bacteroid" refer?

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How do bacteroids differ from the free-living bacteria?

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A bacterium experienceing a severe amino acid shortage

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Which pathway produces the most ATP?

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Who wrote a treatise on the "mobilome"--emphasizing horizontal gene transfer in bacteria

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What is the principal Domain of biological organisms within which Operon Theory was developed?

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Which Biological Domains apply to the below...

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The use of nitrate as a source of nitrogen to build cells is

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Transposons used as mutagens

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Which mechanism(s) may protect nitrogenase from denaturation by molecular oxygen?

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The Calvin-Benson-Bassam cycle

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The physiological function of anaplerotic CO2 fixation pathways is

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Which of the below groups includes a genus name that is NOT a diazotroph?

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Lectins

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The key enzyme(s) by which bacteria assimilate relatively-LOW concentrations of ammonia is/are

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Which of the below enzymes change the covalent structure of DNA?

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Who performed experiments using "fluctuation analysis" and Poisson distribution characterizing spontaneous mutations in bacteria?

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Early, seminal experiments that distinguished between enetic exchange mechanisms of bacteria that require physical contact and those that do not employed which of the below?

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Catabolism of a protein bhy any organism requires which first step?

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"Positive control" regulatory mechanisms include

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What is the utility of the Ames test?

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Batch-growth kinetics of E. coli grown on lactose and glucose hat become exponential pause for a second lag phase, and then proceed to a second logarithmic phase are

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Regulaion by attenuation requires tight coupling between transcription and translation and, therefore, occurs in

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The theoretical construct describing transfer of information between macromolecules within cells is known as

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A contiguous series of genes (cistrons) under transcriptional control of a single operator siteand regulatory protein is known as

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Regulation by attenuation occurs commonly in which kind of operons?

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Who was awarded the Nobel Prize for elucidating transcriptional regulation in bacteria?

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Which of the below regions of DNA within an operon are NOT genes/cistrons?

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Inducible operons

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Which are cistrons within the Trp operon?

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Lower gastrointestinal tracts of vertebrates are anaerobic. Which metabolic pathway(s) is/are responsible for flatulence?

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The "chemiosmotic theory" of oxidative phosphorylation...

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Which molecular regulatory mechanism(s) allow a bacterium to "decide" whether to use a "preferred" carbon substrate or not?

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Mutation has been defined as...

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Which is the correct sequence (in direction of transcription) of genes and regulatory sites in the Lac operon?

Study guide for Microbiology I at UWF. Questions are taken directly from the sample exam

Microbiology Exam 2

Which is true about biological reduction of nitrogen gas to ammonia?

The tendency of systems to go from a lower state of order to a more organized system is supported by which of the below?

Enzyme(s) by which bacteria assimilate gaseous molecular nitrogen is/are...

The Ames test...

Bacterial cells are not diploid because...

Strains of E. coli with an F-factor that has integrated into the chromosome are known as

Which of these mechanism(s) do NOT protect nitrogenase from denaturation by molecular oxygen?

Housekeeping genes are

Which of the below contributed most to our understanding of "sex" in bacteria?

Transfer of gnetic information between prokaryotes that requires direct physical contact between the donor and recipient cells and does NOT require a bacterial virus is called

Four- and five-carbon sugars and NADPH, essential for biosynthetic (anabolic) functions, are provided by which pathway?

Regulation of metabolic pathways within microorganisms is controlled in which of the following ways?

Why did Lederberg and Tatum use multiple auxotrophic mutants, i.e., strains with deficiencies in biosynthetic capabilities in several places, in their experiment that demonstrated conjugation in bacteria?

Positive control of gene transcription involves

Positive control of gene transcription involves

Specific regulatory interaction between proteins and DNA

Genomes of Domain Bacteria...

Nonsense-supressor mutations...

Plasmid copy number is which of the below?

Nitrogenase...