The cerebrum controls all voluntary actions subconsious actions sensory perception language processing( voluntary actions, subconsious actions, sensory perception, language processing ).

White matter consists mostly of myelinated axons neuronal cell bodies glia cells( myelinated axons, neuronal cell bodies, glia cells ).
Gray matter consists mostly of neuronal cell bodies myelinated axons glia cells( neuronal cell bodies, myelinated axons, glia cells ).

Projection neurons are mostly excitatory inhibitory( excitatory, inhibitory ) and use the neurotransmitter glutamate GABA glycine( glutamate, GABA, glycine ).

Interneurons are mostly inhibitory excitatory( inhibitory, excitatory ) and use the neurotransmitters GABA glutamate acetylcholine( GABA, glutamate, acetylcholine ) and glycine glutamate acetylcholine( glycine, glutamate, acetylcholine ).

Neurogenesis happens at only two places in the brain:

(a) In the subventricular zone lateral zone superior callicolus( subventricular zone, lateral zone, superior callicolus ) of the striatum pons medulla oblongata( striatum, pons, medulla oblongata ).
(b) In the dentate gyrus subventricular zone layer IV( dentate gyrus, subventricular zone, layer IV ) of the hippocampus striatum pons( hippocampus, striatum, pons ).

The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei supcortical nuclei( subcortical nuclei, supcortical nuclei ) in the middle of the forebrain midbrain hindbrain( forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain ).

The thalamus hippocampus pons cerebellum( thalamus, hippocampus, pons, cerebellum ) is also called the gate to consciousness.

It regulates sleep and alertness.

The blood-brain barrier is permeable at the hypothalamus hippocampus cerebellum( hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum ).

The medulla oblongata controls vital functions sleep movement speech( vital functions, sleep, movement, speech ).