Color

The standard procedures used to color hair are:
a. section, part, apply, remove and condition, finish
b. distribute, scale, part, apply, remove and condition
c. distribute, scale, process, test remove and condition
d. section, part, apply, process, test, remove and condition

Metallic dyes are known as progressive dies because the:
a. hair lightens with each application
b. hair darkens with each application
c. cost increases with each application
d. processing time decreases with each application

Coloring the base of a short, layered interior darker in contrast to lighter ends creates the illusion of:
a. less volume
b. more volume
c. smoother texture
d. increased texture activation

Maintaining ongoing hair color services and consistent chemical results can be achieved by:
a. overbooking clients
b. keeping accurate records
c. leaving obligations unfulfilled
d. using overtones when consulting clients

To prevent irritation and staining the hairline apply:
a. lotion
b. mousse
c. barrier cream
d. cosmetic cream

Tone can be expressed by which of the following descriptions?
a. light or dark colors
b. bright or dull colors
c. warm or cool colors
d. mild or strong colors

What refers to the vividness of a color or the strength of the tone?
a. level
b. melanin
c. intensity
d. porosity

What identifies the warmth, coolness or neutrality of a color?
a. texture
b. porosity
c. intensity
d. base color

Semi-permanent colors are usually applied with a brush onto:
a. dry hair
b. soaking wet hair
c. un-shampooed hair
d. clean, towel dried hair

Applying deeper colors at the perimeter will:
a. make the hair fuller
b. add width to the form
c. reduce visual weight in the perimeter
d. add visual fullness or thickness to the perimeter

What is used to achieve more levels of lift when working with lighteners?
a. a stronger toner
b. and additional developer
c. lower volume of developer
d. higher volume of developer

A repetition of just one color throughout a design and darker colors drawn attention away from the texture of a design and focus it on the:
a. design line
b. form or silhouette
c.. movement of the design
d. focal point in the design

What size partings are used for a double-process blonde procedure?
a. 1/8" (.3 cm)
b. 1/4" (.6 cm)
c. 1/2" (1.25 cm)
d. 1" (2.5 cm)

Colors made by mixing primary colors with their neighboring secondary color in varying proportions are known as:
a. cool
b. pure
c. tertiary
d. complementary

Which of the following combinations is NOT a tertiary color?
a. red-violet
b. blue-green
c. red-orange
d. blue-yellow

Special effects using color darker than the natural hair color on selected strands is referred to as:
a. lowlighting
b. dark lighting
c. freeforming
d. base to ends

When hair has been identified as having resistant porosity, the cuticle layers are smooth and:
a. lifted
b. raised
c. missing
d. compact

On-the-scalp and off-the-scalp lighteners have a pH level around:
a. 5
b. 6
c. 8
d. 9

When mixing an oxidative color for hair that is 25-30% gray, apply a color:
a. one level darker than the desired shade
b. one level lighter than the desired shade
b.. two levels lighter than the desired shade
d. three levels lighter than the desired shade

What product would be used to equalize the porosity and deposit a base color on a client's hair?
a. filler
b. shampoo
c. highlighter
d. conditioner

A mixture of blue with what color produces green?
a. red
b. brown
c. yellow
d. orange

How often should the client generally schedule a retouch after receiving a lighter result on the hair?
a. 5 to 6 days
b. every week
c. every 3 to 6 weeks
d. every 6 months

A double-process virgin lightener application requires the designer to closely monitor decolorization and:
a. highlighting
b. recolorization
c. the hair length
d. freehand coloring

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a successful freehand coloring technique?
a. a delicate touch
b. a color design plan
c. artistic vision and ability
d. a difficult application procedure

The texture of a design can either be emphasized or de-emphasized based on the choice of color patterns and:
a. field
b. tonality
c. processing time
d. the degree of difference between the colors

When the hair is decolorized (prelightened) and recolorized with the new pigment, this is a technique known as:
a. concentrate
b. double-process
c. pre-lightening
d. on-the-scalp lightener

Which result from the following choices could generally be expected when using a filler?
a. cut the shine in hair
b. give the hair volume
c. cut down on processing time
d. replace the hair's missing primary color

When mixing two primary colors in varying proportions, the colors produced are:
a. red, blue, and green
b. red, blue and yellow
c. orange, red and green
d. orange, green and violet

What can be mixed with a cream on-the-scalp lightener to speed the process?
a. water
b. peroxide
c. a thinning agent
d. an activator (booster)

In order to become active, a developer needs to be mixed with ammonia or:
a. lighteners
b. buffering agents
c. nonoxidative colors
d. alkaline compounds

Which of the following statements identifies the action performed by oxidative tints after initial application?
a. the hair strand swells
b. the hair shaft becomes coated
c. the cuticle on the hair strand closes
d. the hair takes on a peculiar odor and color

If a client's skin tone falls into the yellow, red and orange category it would be classified as:
a. cool
b. dark
c. light
d. warm

Demi-permanent colors are NOT designed to:
a. add tone
b. deposit color
c. last 4 to 6 weeks
d. lift or lighten existing color

Temporary colors should be applied to which of the following hair conditions?
a. dry hair
b. soaking wet hair
c. un-shampooed hair.
d. clean, towel blotted hair

Which type of mixing bowls may cause peroxide to weaken?
a. glass
b. metal
c. plastic
d. ceramic

During a retouch procedure, apply mixture to:
a. ends only
b. faded areas only
c. entire hair structure
d. base (new growth) area only

When designing color for a combination form, which of the following is NOT a consideration designers follow?
a. how often the client shampoos her hair
b. where a distinct weight build-up occurs
c. in which direction(s) the hair will be worn
d. where longest lengths fall once the hair is finished

An application of which of the following complementary color category would help eliminate unwanted brassiness or orange tones form a hair color?
a. blue-based
b. black-based
c. green-based
d. brown-based

Which application technique is used to brush color or lightener on the hair vertically and in an alternating pattern?
a. base retouch
b. base to ends
c. freeform painting
d. midstrand-to-ends then base

What would provide an even base from which to work during a tint back procedure?
a. filler
b. peroxide
c. conditioners
d. medicated shampoo

Which of the primary colors is considered the darkest?
a. blue
b. black
c. green
d. yellow

How many stages of lightening or decolorization exist?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 10

Which of the following are considered the three purest colors?
a. red, white, and blue
b. yellow, red and blue
c. green, black, and purple
d. green, orange, and purple

Which of the following techniques utilizes a piece of foil or thermal strip to isolate the selected strands prior to coloring?
a. freeform painting
b. retouch application
c. weaving and slicing
d. base-to-ends application

If redness and swelling were found around the test area when performing a predisposition test, which of the following steps should NOT be taken?
a. stop the service
b. proceed with the service
c. ask the client how he or she is feeling
d. have the client seek medical assistance

Which of the following is the lightest hair color level?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 7
d. 10

Rachel is planning to use a complementary color scheme for her future salon decor. Which of the choices below would she consider for her complimentary scheme?
a. green and red
b. red and yellow
c. blue and yellow
d. purple and orange

After an oxidative color has been used, any leftover color product needs to be:
a. discarded
b. disinfected
c. stored in a dry cabinet
d. placed on the shelf in its proper place

In a double-process blonde procedure, after rinsing the lightener and checking for scalp abrasions you should:
a. style the hair
b. sculpt the hair
c. mix and apply henna
d. mix and apply the toner

What is the pH level of hydrogen peroxide, a commonly used developer in hair coloring products?
a. between 1.2 and 2.2
b. between 2.5 and 4.5
c. between 5.5 and 6.5
d. between 7.2 and 8.2

If the hair is more resistant to color, the salon professional may need to:
a. shampoo the hair
b. check for elasticity
c. pre-bleach the hair
d. pre-lighten or pre-soften the hair

Which type of hair colors lift the natural pigment and deposit artificial pigment in one process?
a. temporary
b. permanent
c. semi-permanent
d. demi-permanent

Gray reduction or gray blending positions darker tones:
a. only in the interior
b. only along the front hairline
c. from base to ends throughout
d. along selected strands to achieve a natural effect

Cream hair colors are generally mixed with a cream developer and are commonly applied with a:
a. spatula
b. spray bottle
c. squeeze bottle
d. bowl and brush

When should the salon professional ask a client about past color services?
a. during the Connect phase
b. after Connect, prior to performing the service
c. while completing the service and thanking the client
d. while performing the service and talking with the client

The condition in which the cuticle is lifted or missing is referred to as:
a. normal porosity
b. average porosity
c. resistant porosity
d. extreme porosity

What process involves decolorizing the hair and then recolorizing the hair to the desired tone?
a. toning
b. recolorizing
c. cap highlighting
d. double-process blonde

Which product is combined with ammonia in permanent hair color to allow the lift and lightening of the hair's natural color?
a. developer
b. conditioner
c. metallic dye
d. hydrogen peroxide

If the hair does not appear light enough during a preliminary strand test, which step should be implemented?
a. decrease processing time
b. increase processing time
c. add a filler to the formula
d. add conditioning agents to the formula

Which type of porosity may take longer to absorb coloring?
a. normal
b. average
c. extreme
d. resistant

Which product would be selected to neutralize a brassy gold effect after prelightening a client's hair?
a. filler
b. toner
c. lightener
d. developer

Repeating back what a client has said in order to clarify any misunderstandings is called:
a. repetitiveness
b. active listening
c. passive listening
d. reflective listening

An obvious difference between two colors along a hair strand is called a:
a. fade
b. blend
c. line of demarcation
d. poor color application

Semi-permanent colors are alkaline and generally last through several shampoos depending on the:
a. texture of the hair
b. porosity of the hair
c. decolorization of the hair
d. intensity of the color choice

The first step during the color design decision process is to assess:
a. the existing hair color
b. the desired color pattern
c. the desired color placement
d. the design placement to be used

In order for a toner to be effective, which of the following steps needs to be performed?
a. pomade must be applied
b. weekly rinses must be applied
c. hair needs to be prelightened
d. nonoxidative color must be applied

Which of the following statements identifies what demi-permanent colors use to develop the color molecule and aid in the color processing?
a. no alkaline
b. low volume peroxide
c. 40% hydrogen peroxide
d. 60% hydrogen peroxide

What is the shelf life of hydrogen peroxide?
a. 2 months
b. 1 year
c. 3 years
d. indefinite

When performing a virgin lightener on a client, the color should be applied:
a. at the base only
b. at the base first
c. from the ends to the midstrand
d. away from scalp up to the porous ends, then scalp

Red hair color contains:
a. small amount of pheomelanin
b. small population of eumelanin
c. dense concentration of eumelanin
d. predominant amount of pheomelanin

What products are used to remove or diffuse melanin?
a. tints
b. toners
c. lighteners
d. intensifiers

What base toner would be used to produce a neutral blonde on prelightened yellow hair?
a. gold
b. white
c. violet
d. yellow

Chemical products such as hair colors, lighteners, perms and relaxers affect:
a. the length of the hair
b. the growth of the hair
c. the porosity of the hair
d. the diameter of the hair

Lighteners utilize ingredients such as ammonia and peroxide to penetrate the cortex and:
a. create a foundation
b. stop the oxidation process
c. cause the melanin to break
d. increase the vibrancy of a color

Permanent hair colors are mixed with:
a. shampoo
b. conditioners
c. metallic dyes
d. hydrogen peroxide

Coloring the hair back to its original color is called a:
a. tint back
b. stripping
c. lightening
d. repositioning

Applying one color within a given area or throughout results in:
a. contrast
b. repetition
c. alternation
d. progression

If the hair is overlightened, a toner may cause the hair to appear:
a. shiny
b. brassy
c. ashy or gray
d. darker than desired

When changing the color of the hair, the stylist must keep in mind that the final hair color is a combination of the existing pigment and:
a. the client's wishes
b. the amount of conditioner
c. the client's natural skin tones
d. the artificial pigment applied to the hair

When applying color to a client with 75%-80% gray hair, apply a color:
a. one level darker that the desired shade
b. one level lighter than the desired shade
c. two levels lighter than the desired shade
d. three levels lighter than the desired shade

To ensure that a color design for a male client looks natural:
a. use reddish-brown tones
b. use less contrast in the design
c. use more contrast in the design
d. color one level darker than the natural color

Th create the look of sun-kissed, natural highlights, apply:
a. less to the interior
b. more highlights at the sides
c. more highlights in the interior
d. highlights evenly throughout the head

Applying a repetition of color to a solid form will:
a. remove weight
b. soften the form
c. enhance the form
d. enhance activated texture

When designing color for the male client, it is important to remember that men tend to:
a. Like brighter colors
b. spend more time on their hair
c. have more time on their hands
d. want color designs that are easy to maintain

Since permanent colors contain aniline derivatives, which test should be performed on the client before applying any color?
a. strand test
b. skin tone test
c. predisposition test
d. test for metallic salts

In a permanent hair color procedure, the small colored molecules enter the hair with the aid of an alkalizing agent such as:
a. peroxide
b. ammonia
c. nonoxidative
d. tyioglycolate

Which of the following responses could be the reason for a color result that is too light?
a. color formula was too light
b. hair wasn't decolorized enough
c. strength of developer was too low
d. color formula used equal proportions

Why does the base area lighten faster when using a midstrand-to-ends then base (lighter results) technique?
a. hair at base is darker
b. hair at base is fully keratinized
c. heat from the scalp accelerates processing
d. lack of exposure to environment causes resistance

A powder lightener without buffering agents and conditioners could NOT be used for which of the following procedures?
a. weaving
b. surface painting
c. partial highlights
d. on-the-scalp lightening

Generally, the two effects that a male client may want to achieve area a natural effect and:
a. a fashion effect
b. looking younger
c. looking more distinguished
d. making a bold color statement

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of semi-permanent colors?
a. only deposits color
b. retouches are not required
c. leaves a line of demarcation
d. does not use chemicals to alter the hair

To avoid any false color analysis, be sure the area used for performing the analysis is:
a. in the reception area
b. in a room with no windows
c. well-lit, preferably with windows
d. a room with fluorescent lighting

Generally following a color removal procedure, the designer should:
a. dry hair
b. tint hair
c. trim hair
d. condition hair

Which of the following factors would affect the processing time when lightening hair?
a. size of the cuticle layer
b. presence of the medulla
c. amount of product applied
d. amount of natural pigment in the hair

A level of color shows:
a. the porosity of the hair
b. the depth of the intensity
c. the warmth or coolness of hair
d. the lightness or darkness of hair

Which of the following do designers use to identify sectioning in hair coloring?
a. product
b. density
c. facial features
d. geometric shapes

Which of the following is a common shape used within color design for the graduated form?
a. circle
b. square
c. triangle
d. rectangle

Hair should never be lightened or decolorized to:
a. white
b. palest yellow
c. the third degree
d. the orange stage

Which of the following items is an oxidizing agent used with a demi-permanent and permanent colors, lighteners and toners?
a. filler
b. drabber
c. intensifier
d. developer

Which of the following statements about on-the-scalp lightener is NOT true?
a. comes in oil and cream
b. possesses a pH of around 9
c. lightens the natural pigment
d. darkens the natural pigment

Overlapping lighter during a retouch service could:
a. result in breakage
b. ensure proper coverage
c. result in uniform coverage
d. help speed up the procedure time

During the Consult phase prior to the service, which of the following items could be used to better understand the client's specific desires?
a. appointment book
b. hair color swatches
c. client release statement
d. history of taking vitamins

Based on the color patterns and placement chosen, designers can visually change the hair design's:
a. length
b. overall volume
c. texture and form
d. finishing direction

In addition to the client's natural hair color, you will also need to identify which of the following before performing a new color service?
a. weather outside
b. date of last cut
c. client's emotional state
d. any artificial color on the hair

To determine if the color has sufficiently processed, you should:
a. check the timer
b. rinse and condition
c. perform a patch test
d. perform a strand test

What product comes in powder form and when mixed with hydrogen peroxide becomes a strong lightening agent?
a. henna
b. mousse
c. intensifiers
d. off-the-scalp lighteners

The amount and density of the strands selected during the cap technique in hair coloring will determine:
a. the porosity of the hair
b. the elasticity of the hair
c. the type of product to use
d. if the effect will be subtle or dramatic

The majority of the world falls in the which level of color?
a. red
b. dark
c. light
d. medium

Which of the following methods would be used if a hair color service results in a darker color than the client desires:
a. tint back
b. apply lightener
c. double-process blonde
d. hair color removal technique

Permanent hair colors containing para-dyes would fall into which color category?
a. metallic dyes
b. oxidative colors
c. temporary rinses
d. nonoxidative colors

Which hair texture may tend to process slightly lighter than the intended level?
a. fine
b. coarse
c. medium
d. thinning

Apply 70% alcohol to the hair strand for five to seven minutes to remove which of the following products?
a. henna
b. filler
c. shampoo
d. a neutralizer

Fine hair, which is less resistant, may appear to process in what manner when depositing color?
a. lighter
b. darker
c. redder
d. warmer

High-lift tints are designed to achieve lighter colors and are generally mixed with a double amount of:
a. 10 or 20 volume hydrogen peroxide
b. 30 or 40 volume hydrogen peroxide
c. 50 or 60 volume hydrogen peroxide
d. 70 or 80 volume hydrogen peroxide

The most common vegetable dye used to color the hair is henna.
True or False

Temporary colors add pigment but not lighten the existing color.
True or False

During a double-process retouch, lightener is applied to the new growth only.
True or False

Decolorizing and recolorizing the hair to the shade desired is known as a double-processing technique.
True or False

Ammonia is the most commonly used developer (oxidizing agent) in hair coloring procedures.
True or False

When creating a new hair color, remember that the contributing pigment plus artificial pigment will result in the final hair color.
True or False

Semi-permanent colors require retouching since they can leave a line of demarcation as the color fades.
True or False

Cuticle that is lifted or missing will indicate hair of extreme porosity.
True or False

There are two types of melanin found in the cortex- eumelanin and pheomelanin.
True or False

Oxidative colors deposit color, or lift and deposit color in a single-process technique.
True or False

Contributing pigment includes the client's naturally present melanin and any previously applied artificial color found in the hair.
True or False

Color absorption may take longer if the cuticle layer is smooth, tightly packed and compact.
True or False

The law of color states that only three colors- yellow, red and green, called primary colors- are "pure" colors.
True or False

The level system that indicates the lightness or darkness of hair colors includes 11 levels. Numbered 1 to 11
True or False

The fields of color can be broadly categorized into three major fields: dark, medium light, and light.
True or False

The lower the developer volume, the less lift will be achieved.
True or False

Temporary colors require a predisposition or patch test since these colors contain an aniline derivative substance.
True or False

Always mix color and hydrogen peroxide in a metal bowl.
True or False

Toners are used to decolorize, remove or diffuse pigment.
True or False

Colors that do not exhibit warm or cool tones are considered to be neutral colors.
True or False

If the client wishes to minimize any orange brassiness in the new artificial color, it would be best to choose one with a red base color.
True or False

Long-lasting semi-permanent colors contain very little or no ammonia, which is why these products are able to lift or lighten the hair color.
True or False

During a retouch color service, a base application is applied to the ends to match the existing color.
True or False

10 volume (3%) peroxide lifts one color level while 20 (6%) lifts three levels.
True or False

A base-to-ends application is also known as a virgin lightener technique.
True or False

refer to pg 19 in color chapter for image questions