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Bacterial Pathogens

Frage 1 von 19

1

Which are correct regarding Bacillus anthracis?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Spore-forming

  • Gram-Negative

  • Gram-Positive

  • Can encode a capsule

  • Is not typically transmitted via respiratory tract

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 19

1

Which enzyme allows Yersinia pestis to survive in the midgut of the flea?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • phospholipase D

  • phosphokinase

  • adenylate cyclase

  • protease

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 19

1

There is currently research being done to make an anthrax vaccine. A current candidate for a vaccine is LF (lethal factor) mutant E687C, which induces anti-LF antibody formation but lacks LF enzymatic activity. If a patient was given the E687C mutant as a vaccine but then was exposed to wildtype Bacillus anthracis, what would happen?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The patient would get an intense anthrax infection. The mutant and wildtype LF would both contribute to pathogenesis causing lethal vascular collapse in the heart.

  • The patient would get a normal anthrax infection. The vaccine doesn’t have the same protein structure as wildtype LF so it wouldn’t be effective against wildtype B. anthracis.

  • The patient would not get an anthrax infection. The vaccine would cause the immune system to recognize B. anthracis and activate an immune response

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 19

1

Which bacterium does not survive within the host by disabling or killing phagocytic cells?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yersinia pestis

  • Bacillus anthracis

  • Treponema pallidum

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 19

1

You are a doctor and have several patients come into your clinic. They have various symptoms: some have skin infections and lesions, some have necrosis of intestines, and some have lung infections. You aren’t concerned because the symptoms don’t seem connected. However, your clinical microbiologist fears an outbreak in your city. What microbe did the clinical microbiologist identify causing infection in all 3 of your patients?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yersinia pestis

  • Salmonella typhimurium

  • Bordetella pertussis

  • Bacillus anthracis

  • Shigella flexneri

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 19

1

What are the major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • the anthrax toxins

  • an antiphagocytic polyglutamic capsule

  • Yop

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 19

1

How do the three anthrax toxins participate in pathogenesis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • They alter cell signaling pathways in the host to interfere with innate immune responses in early stages of infection and to induce vascular collapse at late stages

  • They migrate to the regional lymph nodes, are phagocytosed by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes, and multiply intracellularly.

  • They silence the pro-inflammatory cytokine response and cause apoptotic death of the infected macrophages

  • They penetrate intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enter the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 19

1

Fülle die Lücken, um den Text zu vervollständigen.

binds to cellular receptors to translocate and into cells.

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 19

1

What activates the virulence factors in Bacillus anthracis?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • increase in bicarbonate

  • activation of AtxA

  • change in temperature

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 19

1

: , , causes anthrax
: , , rod shape,
: gram-negative, ,

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    Bacillus anthracis
    Yersinia pestis
    Treponema pallidum
    gram-negative
    gram-positive
    spore-forming
    non-sporulating
    spirochete
    causes the plague
    causes syphilis

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 19

1

Wähle von der Dropdown-Liste, um den Text zu vervollständigen.

Fill in the blanks for the stages of syphilis.

( Latent:, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary ) no signs, but still infected
( Secondary, Primary, Latent, Acute, Tertiary ): skin rashes, mucous membrane lesions, fever, sore throat, headaches, muscle aches, etc. (“The Great Imposter”)
( Tertiary (years later), Quaternary (years later), Latent (years later), Dormant (years later) ): damage to internal organs (heart, eyes, brain)
( Primary, Secondary, Acute, Latent ): sores at site of infection

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 19

1

Yersinia pestis rapidly penetrates intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enters the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 19

1

evades the immune system via antigenic variation of a surface-exposed protein
On contact with host macrophages, injects resulting in the silencing of the pro-inflammatory cytokine response and in apoptotic death of the infected macrophages
In , binds to cellular receptors to translocate and into cells. The toxins alter cell signaling pathways in the host to interfere with innate immune responses in early stages of infection and to induce vascular collapse at late stages.

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    T. pallidum
    TprK,
    Yersinia pestis
    Yops
    Bacillus anthracis
    protective antigen
    lethal factor
    edema factor

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 19

1

Which transmission routes are possible for Bacillus anthracis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Respiratory tract

  • Direct contact

  • Mother to fetus

  • Ingestion

  • a, b, and d

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 19

1

What are the possible transmission routes for Yersinia pestis?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Inhalation

  • Ingestion

  • Blood

  • Lesions

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 19

1

Which of the following methods of contact would result in transmission of syphilis?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Sexual contact with infectious lesions

  • Mother to fetus in utero

  • Blood product transfusion

  • Physical touch with unbroken skin of infected person

  • Infected person coughs near uninfected person

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 19

1

What is the secretion system of Yersinia pestis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Type I

  • Type II

  • Type III

  • Type IV

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 19

1

Which of the following pathogens does not have endotoxin?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Bacillus anthracis

  • Yersinia pestis

  • Salmonella typhimurium

  • All of the above

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 19

1

Yersiniz pestis , ,
Bacillus anthracis , , skin infection
Treponema pallidum , sores on hands, ,

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    lesions
    skin infection
    lung infection
    necrosis of intestines
    lung damage
    inflamed arteries
    fever
    headache

Erklärung

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