If a person develops a familial cancer, it is likely that they were born with the gentotype....
-/- in a c-oncogene
+/- in a c-oncogene
-/- in a TSG
+/- in a TSG
What is a Roundup Ready transgenic organism?
One that is resistant to insects
One that is resistant to herbicides
One that is of higher nutritional value
One that can withstand the winter Pullman Temps
two of the above
An individual has a mutation in the proto-oncogene Ras. What type of mutation has likely occured? A. Gain of Function B. Loss of Function C.Recessive D. Dominant
A
B and D
C
D and A
Due to this mutation, what is the abnormal function of the mutant Ras?
The Ras is (Bound of ) because it lots its site (which brings it back down to an ).
List one of the difference between familial breast cancer and sporadic breast cancer:
Familial breast cancer accounts for of the cancer developed and sporadic cancer accounts for of cancer developed.
Can you manufacture human protein using bacteria? Why or why not?
You with plasmids, but you need that has like in Eukaryotes.
Gene cloning happens in this order:
Purify DNA of interest for ligation Cut vector and ligate in gene Transform recombinant plasmid into competent bacteria Select for transformants
What is PCR used for?
To make billions of copies on one DNA sequence
To make a few copies of several DNA sequences
To destroy a specific DNA sequence
Name the three steps of PCR and briefly describe their functions:
- Break DNA bonds with heat into DNA. Add - Seal to specific sequence of DNA - Have the DNA go through to create a DNA piece.
There is no issue with PCR. The starting piece of DNA sequence that is selected to be multiplied will always be perfect and therefore, make perfect copies.
What is sgRNA?
Signal guide RNA
Sequence guide RNA
Specific guide RNA
What is sgRNA used for in CRISPR-Cas 9?
Cut out the sequences of DNA around our selected piece
To guide DNA into the cytoplasm
To help read the DNA for Cas-9 to cut at the right sequence
What is the result of the following conjugations?
F+ x F- = + Hfr x F- = +
The transfer of naked DNA to a recipient bacterial cell is called
Conjugation
Transduction
Transformation
Naked DNA can be taken up by any nearby bacteria, but requires cell to cell contact between the donor and the recipient.
DNA can also be transferred by conjugation, which requires a bacteriophage.
Approximately 80% of caner cases arise from germ-line mutation
Lederberg and Tatum's work with the autotrophic bacteria demonstrated transduction.
R plasmids are a type of F plasmid that can confer antibiotic resistance.
Leukemias and lymphnodes are examples of solid tumors
Two disease-free parents have a child with Cystic Fibrosis. What is the probability that their next child will be a carrier?
1/4
1/2
3/4
1
Impossible to compute based on this information alone
If a genes has 4 alleles in a population, how many different genotypes and phenotypes are possible? Show your work!
10/ impossible to tell
8/6
20/ impossible to tell
8/4
none of the answers are correct
Where are the genes for sex-limited traits located?
Autosomes
Sex chromosomes
only the x chromosome
only the y chromosome
either on autosome or sex chromosome
In incomplete dominance, a likely phenotypic ratio resulting when a heterozygous is selfed in a monohybrid cross would be 3:1.
X-chromosome inactivation is important in explaining the unexpected phenotype of females who are homozygous for X-linked genes
In an X-linked recessive disease, more males are affected than females.
Which type of disease is most commonly embryonic lethal? Choose all that apply
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
X-linked recessive
X-linked dominant
If the GC content of a double stranded DNA molecule is 60%: What is the molar precentage of purines?
30%
40%
50%
60%
If the GC content of a double stranded DNA molecule is 60%: If this were a single stranded DNA molecule, what would the molar precentage of T be?
15%
25%
impossible to tell
If a DNA molecule is 150 bp long, what is the approximate length in Angstroms or nm. Choose all that apply
150 Angstroms
15 nm
51 nm
510 Angstrom
Origins of replication are likely found in GC rich regions.
In eukaryotes, circular chromosomes have many origins of replication.
