The nurse is assessing a patient being admitted for anemia. The nurse sees no overt signs of bleeding. The nurse understands that
mucous membranes have a high threshold for bleeding
capillaries in mucous membranes lie deep in the membrane.
many patients have bleeding that is not obvious.
all patients with bleeding disorders demonstrate active bleeding.
Cases of primary immunodeficiency are usually related to
a single gene defect.
malignancies.
nutritional deficiencies.
aging.
The patient is admitted with multiple myeloma. The nurse assesses the patient and is aware that the symptom most unique to this disease is
lymph node enlargement
. bone pain.
night sweats
fever.
Erythrocytes (RBCs) are flexible biconcave disks without nuclei whose primary component is an oxygen-carrying molecule called
a reticulocyte
erythropoietin
2,3-DPG
hemoglobin
The patient’s platelet count is 35,000/microliter. The provider prescribes administration of 10 units of single-donor platelets. After transfusion, the nurse can expect the patient’s platelet count to be
greater than 150,000/microliter
between 150,000/microliter and 185,000/microliter.
between 50,000/microliter and 75,000/microliter.
between 85,000/microliter and 135,000/microliter.
The patient is diagnosed with lymphoma but has a normal white blood cell (WBC) count. The nurse understands that this patient
will have increased bruising and bleeding.
is at risk for infection.
has normal WBC function as the WBC is normal.
is at risk for an allergic reaction.
When caring for a patient with HIV, the nurse should
assure the patient that infections are not a major problem at this point.
inform the patient that the disease does not affect the respiratory system.
monitor the patient’s medication regimen.
not focus on the mouth, as infections of the mouth are rare.
The patient is complaining of severe joint pain, as well as fatigue and shortness of breath. The nurse notices that the patient’s joints are swollen and the legs are edematous. The nurse realizes that these are symptoms of
anemia reflective of low volume.
hemolytic anemia.
aplastic anemia.
sickle cell anemia.
The nurse is evaluating the patient’s laboratory values and notes an IgG level of 240 mg/dL. The nurse realizes that this patient is a candidate for
no change in therapy because the level is normal.
gene replacement therapy.
increased doses of immunosuppressive medications.
an immunoglobulin infusion.
Cellular immunity is mediated by
T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes.
immunoglobulins.
suppressor B cells.
Lymphocytes are made up of B cells and T cells. B cells
mediate humoral immunity.
migrate to the thymus gland
mature in lymphoid tissue.
destroy virus-infected cells.
Critical to caring for the immunocompromised patient is the understanding that
the immunocompromised patient has normal white blood cell (WBC) physiology
infection is the leading cause of death in these patients.
the immunosuppression involves a single element or process
immune incompetence is symptomatic even without pathogen exposure.
A patient with a history of pulmonary embolism is being worked up for a potential coagulopathy that increases the risk for clotting. The nurse understands that the provider may request a test for
factor X deficiency
factor VII deficiency.
factor IX deficiency
protein C deficiency
The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a splenectomy and notices that the patient’s platelet count has increased. The nurse realizes that the increase is due to
the patient’s inability to store platelets.
the platelet’s 120-day life cycle.
stimulation secondary to erythropoietin.
platelet response to infection.
The patient is admitted with anemia caused by blood loss and thrombocytopenia and has a platelet count of 22,000/microliter. The patient is scheduled for a transfusion of RBCs and a transfusion of platelets. The nurse should
give the RBCs before the platelets
give the platelets before the RBCs
use local therapies to stop the bleeding.
give the platelets and RBCs at the same time.
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving chemotherapeutic agents and notices that the patient’s neutrophil count is low. The nurse realizes that
the patient has a bacterial infection.
chemotherapeutic agents alter the ability to fight infection.
neutrophils have a long life span and multiply slowly
a shift to the left is occurring
In vivo, the primary activator of the coagulation cascade occurs via the
either intrinsic or extrinsic pathway.
intrinsic pathway
extrinsic pathway
common pathway.
The patient has a platelet count of 9,000/microliter. The nurse realizes that
this is a normal platelet level.
this level is considered slightly low.
spontaneous bleeding may occur.
the patient is at great risk for fatal hemorrhage.
Common to both the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathway is
factor X.
factor XII.
subendothelial collagen
factor VII.
Erythrocytes (RBCs) are generated from precursor stem cells under the influence of a growth factor called
erythropoietin.
2,3-DPG.
hemoglobin.
reticulocytes.
