Chaotic position sounds of different frequencies and intensities:
noise;
sound;
wave;
physical noise;
physiological noise
Effect on the human hearing system alternating waves of compression and expansion:
physiological noise.
Какими параметрами звуковых волн характеризуется шум как физическое явление?(вот так сюрпрайз, вопросик на русском)
частота (f) и скорость (v);
колебания и звуковое давление (p);
интенсивность звука (J) и звуковая мощность (N);
плотность звуковой энергии (E);
all of the answers are correct
Frequency of the sound is measured?
V
Hz
W
A
Pa
Range of sound perceived by the human ear, limited hearing thresholds and pain sensation related to the frequency:
16-20000 Hz;
10-16000 Hz;
5000-8000 Hz;
800-6000 Hz;
all of the answers are wrong
Depend on temporal characteristics noises are divided into:
mechanical, aerodynamic, hydrodynamic and electromagnetic;
mechanical, aerodynamic;
permanent and non-permanent
octave, one-third and half-octave;
Noise of natural origin are divided into:
mechanical, aerodynamic, hydrodynamic and electromagnetic
permanent and non-permanent;
For approximate estimation (in most cases, when the spectrum is unknown) is allowed the characteristic of the constant noise in the workplace to take the sound level in:
dBA
Noise protection facilities used in industrial plants, divided into:
Architectural and planning, organizational and technical;
collective and personal protective equipment;
architectural and planning, organizational and technical, collective and personal protection;
Architectural and planning
Depending on the method of transmission of vibrations to the human body are distinguished:
strong and weak;
fast and slow;
intensive and non-intensive
Local and general;
What categories of general vibration depending on the source of its origin could be?
Transportation Vibration;
transport and technological vibration;
technological vibration;
1,2,3
Means of protection against vibration is divided into:
collective and personal;
Types of vibroisolation
active and passive
intensive and non-intensive;
local, total;
What groups are sources of electromagnetic radiation in the production?
1 products that are specifically designed to radiate electromagnetic energy;
2 devices are not designed to emit electromagnetic energy in space, but when electric current flowing, and thus there is a parasitic radiation of electromagnetic waves;
3 electrostatic fields;
1 and 2
How classified electromagnetic waves?
radio, optical;
optical and ionizing;
radiofrequency, optical and ionizing
infrared and ultraviolet
Form of radiation sickness:
1 acute;
2 chronic;
3 short-term;
3 and 3
Basic methods of radiation protection:
protection by the distance;
protection by the times;
shielding (screening);
personal protective equipment;
During the shielding to protect against radiation shield, the following materials:
lead, lead glass
lead rubber, iron;
barite, concrete;
tungsten;
Passing through the human body, what impact does it electric current?
thermal;
electrolytic;
biological;
destructing
How many degree has electric shocks?
1
2
3
4
5
How characterized degree I of electric shock?
muscular twitching without loss of consciousness
loss of consciousness, but with preserved respiration and heart;
loss of consciousness and heart disorder and / or breathing;
state of clinical death;
How characterized degree II of electric shock?
muscular twitching without loss of consciousness;
How characterized degree III of electric shock?
How characterized degree IV of electric shock?
Depends on what factors severity of electric shock?
values of the force and voltage, type and frequency of the current;
electrical resistance of the human body;
duration of current flow through the human body;
individual features of human and environment;
Alternating current is more dangerous than permanent:
at voltages up to 250-300 V;
at voltages above 1000 V;
always;
at 2000-3000V;
Permanent current is more dangerous than alternating:
at 20-30 V;
Electric shock to persons may occur in the following case:
Touching the electrical parts of electrical installations
touching the non-electrical parts of installations, is under voltages as a result of damage to the insulation;
the impact of touch voltage and step;
touching the non-electrical parts of installations, is under voltages as a result of damage to the protective grounding;
Depending on the location of earthing relative to grounding equipment grounding devices are divided into types:
long and short;
remote and contour;
triple and double;
planned and unplanned;
What types of earthing are?
natural and artificial;
Electrical protective means for its intended purpose are divided into:
insulating, protecting and supporting;
insulation, protecting;
fencing, support;
insulating, protecting, supporting and partitions;
How many groups are of all the rooms on accessibility of electrical equipment and qualification of personnel?
How many groups are classified all the electrical installation for voltage?
to 220 and above 220V
up to 1000 and up to 1000 V;
up to 20 V and above 20 V;
to 600 and up to 600 V;
How many qualifying groups for work on electrical equipment exist?
Systems of fire and explosion protection it is - …
a set of organizational measures and technical means to prevent human exposure to hazards of fire and explosion, and limit material damage;
complex organizational and technical means to prevent human exposure to hazards of fire and explosion;
complex organizational and technical means to limit the material damage;
fire alarm and evacuation plan;
Fire protection (explosion protection) facilities provided with:
right choice fire resistance of the object and the limits of fire resistance of individual elements and structures, as well as limiting the spread of fire in the event of occurrence of the fire;
provision of fire security facility, gas rescue and mountain rescue services;
using of active explosion suppression systems and application designs easily dumped in buildings;
using systems of smoke protection and safe evacuation of people and using of fire alarm, notification and firefighting;
How many categories are subdivided production depending on the used or stored on them materials and substances by explosion and fire?
Why plants for fire and explosion hazard categorization is essential?
as largely determines the requirements for the building;
as largely to determine requirements for the design and planning of the building;
allows the organization of fire protection and technical lighting;
to determine the requirements for the regime and operation;
The degree of fire resistance is called:
the ability of the building (structure) generally resist the destruction of the building in case of fire;
ability of building (structure) to put out fires;
ability of building (structure) to withstand natural disasters;
How many degrees are classified for fire resistance of the building and construction?
two degrees
three degrees;
four degrees;
five degrees;
How many groups are divided flammability constructions?
two degrees;
From the point of view of fire safety general plans of industries should:
provide the necessary distance from the borders to the neighboring enterprise and place of settlement;
provide for the proper zoning of buildings and structures according to their destination and other characteristics;
satisfy the required fire breaks between buildings and structures;
provide the necessary distance from the boundaries of the enterprise to the strip main railways and waterways;
The common fire barriers include:
fire walls;
Fire protection bulkheads;
Fire overlaping;
fire zones and water units;
From what materials must be made fire barriers?
of conventional materials
of non-combustible materials;
of metallic materials;
Why are established smoke hatches and mine?
provides direction smoke removal
provide non-smoke pollution of adjacent spaces;
facilitate the detection fire site;
Why are used easy dumped enclosing structures?
they are destroyed in the explosion, causing the pressure inside the building is reduced and the main supporting building structures are not destroyed
they provide directional removal of smoke
they facilitate the detection fire site
provide non-smoke pollution of adjacent spaces
What factors are dangerous to humans in the early stages of a fire?
high temperature;
reduction in the concentration of oxygen
appearance of of toxic substances in the air of the room;
poor visibility due to smoke content;
How is called the time from the start of the fire to a dangerous situation for a person?
evacuation time;
time of salvation;
the critical duration of the fire;
On what principles are based methods of fire extinguishing?
1 the removal of heat from the combustion zone;
2 reduce the concentration of fuel or oxidizer in the combustion zone;
3 braking of the chemical reaction of combustion;
2 и 3;
What gases are used to extinguish the fire?
1 carbon dioxide
2 nitrogen;
3 gases based on halogenated hydrocarbons газы;
1 и 2
What types of fire extinguishers do you know?
water;
air-foam;
powder;
gas;
What reasons underlie emergencies?
comprehensible and incomprehensible;
complete and incomplete;
explainable and unexplainable;
internal and external;
How many stages of an emergency are allocated?
Classification of emergency for departmental belonging?
construction and industry;
housing and municipal, domestic sphere;
transport communications and transport;
agriculture and forestry;
Classification of emergency situations on the field of:
technogenic and natural origin
environmental and man-made;
social origin;
Classification of emergency on the scale of distribution:
The object;
local;
regional;
global;
Classification of emergency on the propagation velocity of danger:
sudden with fast-propagating danger;
propagating a moderate speed;
with a slow propagating velocity;
all of the answers are wrong;
Natural emergencies include:
geophysical and geological hazards;
meteorological and agro-meteorological hazards;
marine hydrology and hydrological hazards, natural fires;
infectious diseases of humans, animals, damage of agricultural plants with diseases and pests;
Technogenic emergencies include
industrial and transportation accidents, fires;
accident with ejection of highly toxic substances, poisoning materials and biological poisoning materials;
sudden collapse of buildings and hydrodynamic accidents;
accidents in electric power systems, on public network of life support, at wastewater treatment plants;
Social emergency include:
an armed attack;
unrest in some areas
the use of modern weapons in the fighting in the war;
acts of terrorism;
What natural emergencies are not typical of the Republic of Kazakhstan?
volcanic eruptions;
typhoons;
tornadoes;
natural peat fires;
What does it mean civil defense?
a state system of controls and a set of national events held in peacetime and wartime to protect the population, organizations and the country from the effects of damaging (destroying) factors of modern means of destruction of natural and man-made disasters;
rescue measures
training activities;
reconstruction work;
emergency work.
On what principle are created the formation of civil defense in organizations, regions, cities and districts?
on the main;
by territory;
on territorial-production;
on the production
Whose orders to follow the territorial formation of civil defense?
appropriate akims;
appropriate heads of civil defense;
appropriate staff of civil defense;
Minister of Emergency Situations;
Which of the major types of civil defenses formation are?
rescue teams;
engineering formation;
operational and rescue teams;
teams of fire fighting;
Who shall not be included in the formations of civil defense?
Disabled groups 1,2,3;
Pregnant women;
women with children under 8 years;
men and women of nonworking age;
To eliminate the effects of natural and man-made emergency situations from the existing groups of CD and regular specialized units are created emergency response teams of districts total number high alert:
at least 150 people;
at least 100 people;
at least 50 people;
at least 20 people;
To eliminate the effects of natural and man-made emergency situations from the existing groups of CD and regular specialized units are created emergency response teams of cities total number high alert:
at least 150 people
To eliminate the effects of natural and man-made emergency situations from the existing groups of CD and regular specialized units are created emergency response teams of region total number high alert:
Problem of increasing the sustainability of facilities management, nowadays is becoming increasingly important due to several reasons:
weakening mechanism of state regulation and safety in production, reduction of labor and technological discipline at all levels of production, as well as reducing emergency sustainable production
high progressive deterioration of fixed assets while reducing the rate of renewal, as well as increasing the technological capacity of production, growth in transport, storage and study of hazardous substances, materials and products, waste production that threaten people and the environment;
the idle legislative, legal and regulatory framework, and insufficient of scientific basis of risk analysis problem in security management and disaster prevention;
reduction of exactness and effectiveness of government operations, and the possibility of military conflicts and terrorist acts;
What does it mean the stability of work of industrial facility?
1 the ability of industrial facility in an emergency peacetime and wartime to restore production in the shortest possible time;
2 the ability of industrial facility in an emergency peacetime and wartime produce established products in volume and nomenclature under the relevant plans;
3 the ability of industrial facility in an emergency peacetime and wartime to avoid stopping production;
2 and 3
What is the general similarity between the industrial facilities?
1 there is no similarity, all, each object is unique;
2 in all buildings being carried out production;
3 density of development at many facilities is 30-60%;
What factors are affecting on the preparation facility for use in an emergency peacetime and wartime?
area of the facility and readiness of the object to the restoration of production
internal planning and construction of territory of the facility;
energy supply system and technological process;
production links and the system management;
Cities with high economic, strategic and defense value:
categorized centers;
categorized cities;
categorized areas;
categorized objects;
How many groups have categorized cities on importance?
To what group of city classified cities refers the capital of RK and the cities with a population of 1 million or more?
special
Industrial enterprises and other organizations that have great economic and defense value:
On how many categories are divided categorized objects?
Main events in the task of improving sustainability of the object management:
Reliable protection of employees and the preparation for recovery of production after the weak and partially average destruction;
increase the strength and sustainability of the important elements of objects and improvement of technological processes;
improving the sustainability management of facilities and material and technical supply;
development of measures to reduce the chance of secondary factors destruction and damage caused by them;
The main methods of protection in an emergency peacetime and wartime:
shelter population in protective structures;
evacuation of the population from dangerous areas to safe areas;
provision of means of individual and health protection;
the correct use of personal and medical protection;
Classification of protective structures on protective properties:
shelter, antiradiation shelter (ARS), the simplest shelter;
to protect the population, to host governments;
built-in and free-standing;
constructed in advance in time of peace and quickly erected;
Classification of protective structures to destination:
to protect the population, to host governments
Classification of protective structures by location:
Classification of protective structures on terms of building:
Types of simple shelters:
open slits and covered gaps;
Asylum divided in terms of capacity:
up to 300 people - small capacity;
300-600 people - average capacity;
more than 600 people - large capacity;
not divided.
What premises are in the shelters?
main and auxiliary;
protecting and non-protecting;
for emergency peacetime and wartime;
does not happen.
Which rooms are basic in the shelters?
room for sheltered, control centers, health post (medical center);
room for sheltered, control stations, filter and ventilation room;
room for sheltered, health post (medical center), sanitary facilities;
room for sheltered, diesel power plant, storage products
room for sheltered, vestibules, medical center;
How much is the emergency supply of water for one person in shelter?
3 liters for 2 days;
3 liters per day;
2 liters a day;
1 liter per day;
5 liters for 2 days.
How much exits are there in the shelters?
no more than two;
at least two;
one;
at least three;
no more than three.
Capacity of fabricated shelters:
50 and 100 people;
100 and 150 people;
up to 25 people;
25 and 50 people;
more than 150 people.
Normal capacity of the gap:
5-10 people;
10-15 people;
50 people;
60-75 people;
more than 75 people
Most capacity of the gap:
more than 75 people.
Who makes the decision to evacuate in time of war, as well as in emergency situations of natural and technogenic character?
Ministries of Emergency Situations and Civil Defense;
organizations;
local executive bodies;
The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
population.
Who carried the evacuation in time of war, as well as in emergency situations of natural and technogenic character?
1 Ministries of Emergency Situations and Civil Defense;
2 organizations;
3 local executive bodies;
4 The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
2 и 3.
Personal protective equipment are divided into:
respiratory protection and skin protection;
eyes protection and skin protection;
respiratory protection and the protection of eyes;
respiratory protection, skin protection, protection of eyes;
only the general.
To protect workers chemically hazardous facilities are used:
cotton-gauze bandages;
fabric masks;
industrial gas masks;
insulating gas masks;
do not apply.
Universal home first aid kit equipped with:
radioprotective agents;
general therapeutic medications;
antiseptics;
dressing means;
Actions in the area of emergency to rescue people, material and cultural values, environmental protection, its localization and suppression or brought to the lowest possible level of exposure characteristic for it hazards:
engineering work;
evacuation measures
rescue work;
Civil defense of force include:
military units of CD;
territorial and object formation of CD;
formation of civil defense and emergency services;
the republican and regional operational and rescue teams;
