abnormalities of teeth are classified according to their causes into:

a.
b.
c.

small addition cusp at the mesiopalatal line angle of the first permanent molar and the second primary molar is called the

a pronounced bulge on the medial side in the cervical third of the buccal surface of the first primary molar is called tubercle of

an angulation or a sharp bend or curve in the root or crown of a formed tooth is called

supernumerary teeth, smaller than the normal teeth, are with a and are called ''.

supernumerary tooth present in the midline of the anterior maxilla between two central incisors is called

hyperdontia is divided in two groups
1.
2.

hypodontia is divided in two groups
1.
2.

abnormalities in the positions of the teeth are:
1. tooth
2. tooth
3.
4. tooth
5. tooth
6.
7. tooth
8. tooth

Match the abnormalities in the shape of the teeth with their characteristics:
a. fusion of teeth
b. tooth germination
c. abnormal tubercles
d. dilaceration
e. tooth abnormalities

1. these abnormalities include supernumerary roots, abnormal root angulation, considerably longer or shorter tooth length than the average length
2. tooth has one main large crown partially separated with a cleft in its cervical third and a single root
3. fusion may involve the crown, root or both
4. angulation or a sharp bend or curve in the tooth or crown of a formed tooth
5. there are variations in the shape size and number of the tubercles
6. deviation from the normal axis of the apical part of the root by 20 degrees or more /90 degrees/
7. tubercle of carabelli
8. tubercle zuckerkandll
9. tooth has a single wide crown with 2 separate roots
10. it arises when 2 teeth develop from 1 tooth bud as a result of abortive attempt of a single tooth bud to divide
11. tooth has 2 separate crowns and a single large root.

Match the abnormalities in the size of teeth with their characteristics:
a. microdontia
b. macrodontia
1. teeth are larger than normal for that particular type of tooth
2. teeth are smaller than normal for that particular type of tooth
3. teeth are rudimentary in size and form with a peg shaped crown
4. oral manifestation of gigantism
5. oral manifestation of dwarfism
6. genetic disorder
7. oral manifestation of ectodermal dysplasia

match abnormalities in number of teeth with characteristics:

a. hyperdontia
b. hypodontia
c. anadontia
1. teeth may be morphologically similar to or dissimilar in size and shape compared with normal teeth
2. usually affects wisdom teeth and upper lateral incisors
3. condition at which the patient has few missing teeth as a result of the failure of those teeth to develop
4. condition of presence of a tiger than normal number of teeth
5. complete lack of teeth development
6. oral manifestation of ectodermal dysplasia

find the correspondence between the 2 columns:

a. pseudohyperdontia
b.hyperdontia vera
c.pseudohypordontia
d. hypodontia vera

1. oral condition characterised by having a supernumerary teeth from the same dentition
2. oral condition characterised by having a supernumerary teeth from the other mention- extra primary teeth in the permanent mention or extra permanent teeth in the primary dentition
3. abnormality occurs as a result of hyperplasia of dental lamina
4. tooth is prevented from erupting due to some physical barrier in its path of eruption or an unusual position
5. lack of some tooth development
6. pral manifestation of ectodermal dysplasia
7. due to the destruction of thee tooth bud because of some physical factors.

Match the abnormalities in the position of teeth with their characteristics:

a. tooth transposition
b. dystopia/ displacement
c. diastema
d. tooth rotation
e. dens invaginatus
f. anatropism
g. tooth aberration
h. tooth impaction
i. ankylosed teeth
1. tooth is presented from erupting due to some physical barrier in its path of eruption or an unusual position
2. condition of an invagination of calcified layers of tooth into the body of the tooth
3. anomaly where two adjacent teeth have changed their positions in the dental arch
4. tooth erupts in an outward position of the dental arch
5. space between 2 upper incisors
6. growth of tooth root is in complete opposite upward pointed direction
7. tooth is located in its correct position in the dental arch but rooted around longitudinal axis
9. condition of an incomplete eruption of a tooth because of the fusion of cementum with surrounding bone and the retained tooth remains in a position below the occlusal plane of the adjacent teeth
9.toth remains stick in the bone and no tooth movements occur
10. canines and first premolars are most often involved
11. 2 types of abnormality- heterotopia and ectotopia
12. roared teeth are single rooted teeth
13.these teeth have a delayed eruption time
14. it may be sure to a lack of eruptive force

The factors in the etiology of dental dysplasia are and

3 endogenous factors in the etiology of acquired dental dysplasia: , ,

the affected teeth in a patient with rickets in the first year of life are , and

the classification of dental dysplasia according to etiological factors is , and

types of dysplasiae dentales congenitae are , ,

match the types of amelogenesis imperfecta with their characteristics:
A- hypoplastic type ( , , , )
B- Hypomaturation and hypocalcification ( , , , )

1- soft, rough, opaque white to yellow brown enamel surface
2- hard, yellowish brown enamel surface
3- lines, pits or grooves in the whole thin enamel or certain areas
4- affects all the teeth in primary and permanent
5- teeth erupt with normal size and shape
6- enamel loss and exposure of underlying dentin
7- small teeth, lack proximal contact

Match the type of dentinogenesis imperfecta with their characteristics:
A- coronal dysplasia ( )
B- Radicular (, )
C- Fibrous ( , )
D- Hereditary opalescent dentin ( )
E- Taurodontism ( , )

1- radiodense material of fibrotic dentin found in pulp chamber and canals
2- disorders affect radicular dentin
3- affects primary molars and premolars
4- teeth are of normal shape and colour5
5- affected teeth are amber in colour
6- teeth have normal colour, short, blunted, malformed roots
7- affected teeth are blue-grey
8- enlargement of pulp chamber due to apical displacement of furcation area

match types of dysplasia with their characteristics:
A- Enamel hypoplasia due to congenital syphilis ()
B- dental fluorosis (
C- Turners hypoplasia

1-usually affects only a single permanent successor of primary tooth
2- fluoride ions directly affect ameloblasts
3- crowns of first permanent molars irregular and enamel of occlusal surface arranged in agglomerate mass or globules
4- it is dysplasia of permanent teeth in children who are excessively exposed to high concentration of fluoride
5- hutchinsons teeth

Match the items from the first column with related items listed in the second column.
A. Bacteria
B. Protozoa
C. Fungi

1- they have double-stranded DNA and a nucleus that is not separate from the rest of the cell by a membrane
2- they range in size from one to several millimetres in length
3- they are capable of rearing a spawn in the mouth cavity
4- they have the ability to move independently
5- they reproduce by budding

match the type of relationship between microorganism with the accurate definition
A. Neutralism -
B. Symbiosis -
C. commensalism -
D. Biotropism-
E. Parasitism-

1- a relationship between two different species in which both benefit from the interaction
2- a class of relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits without affecting the other
3- a non mutual relationship between organisms of different species where one organism, the parasite, benefits at the expense of the other, the host
4- a biological phenomenon, indicating growth or turning movement of a biological organism, microorganism in response to stimulation of drugs
5- a class of relationship between two species which interact but do not affect each other