Who was Clement of Alexandria?
second teacher in biblical exegesis school
wrote commentaries on every book in Bible
distinguished between being and becoming
Clement of Alexandria more academic than pastoral tasked with doing catechumens( more academic than pastoral, tasked with doing catechumens )
Clement of Alexandria
worked to present intellectually viable orthodoxy
said Jesus was God in participation, not nature
considered the Logos inferior to God; therefore Jesus was not God.
Clement of Alexandria was
1st century
2nd century
3rd century
Clement of Alexandria wrote
Exhortation to pagans
On Baptism
Against Heretics
Clement of Alexandria believed
all sound philosophy derived from revelation from Moses and prophets
Adam and Eve 1st created as spirits and then a second creation gave them bodies
earth is a shadow of reality
scripture is allegorical / parables
wanted to be martyred
in Montanism heresy
in impassibility
the succession of bishops
the devil was a spirit and will be saved
Clement of Alexandria's upbringing
High born and well educated and well traveled
Wanted to be martyred like dad
A roman citizen with a patrician upbringing
Clement of Alexandria's successor
Origen
Tertullian
Irenaeus
Clement of Alexandria considered himself a true gnostic (wise person)
Origen was of what century?
2nd
3rd
4th
Wrote commentaries on every book of scripture
Said Christians were ignorant rabble
Used the missionary method
Origen was
Clement's disciple
Bishop of Neocaesarea
Attracted to Montanist heresy (imminent return, longer fasting, anti-sex)
When Origen was young
Demetrius tasked him to train catechumens
Learned at Polycarp’s feet (who learned from John)
he said heretics can’t use Bible
Origen became famous for
his genius and good schools
being the first to write in Latin
writing “Demonstration of Apostolic Preaching”
Believed Jesus was God through participation, not nature
Forced the need for canonization
Worked miracles
didn't contradict Ceclus who said christians were ignorant rabble
Began a rival church
Influenced by Justin
Origen wrote alot. Some of Origen's written work include
“First Principles” “Prayer” , “Exhortation to Martyrdom”
“On Baptism” “To His Wife” “Prescription for Heretics”
Wrote “Against Heretics” “Demonstration of Apostolic Preaching”
Origen says
there were 2 creations; first spiritual & perfect, then bodies post-fall
Yahweh is arbitrary and not the Jesus’ Father
Guided by virgin and apostles
Jesus came as a man not a baby
Devil is a spirit and will be saved
Christians shouldn’t be hunted
said the goal of humanity is “divinization”
Substituted pagan festivals with Christian ones
was high born and well educated and well traveled
Castrated himself to gain self control
Conservative Christian with roman mores
Succeeded by Clement of Alexandria
Persecuted by Decius
Origen was martyred by Decius.
Origen wrote against Celcus to contradict him when said Christians were ignorant rabble
Marcion
His heresy was condemned by Irenaeus
Wrote “Demonstration of Apostolic Preaching”
Considered himself a true Gnostic (wise person)
was a true pastor concerned with faith of flock
Which was not a belief of Marcion
The OT god is a weak god of material and injustice
The NT god (Jesus’ Father) is loving
Marcion forced the need for canonization
Which statement did Marcion not make?
OT is Yahweh’s book and should be cast aside
Jesus is light from light and true God from true God
Marcion rejected key doctrines
TERTULLIAN was of which century
1st
Which books did TERTULLIAN write?
“First Principles” “Prayer”, “Exhortation to Martyrdom”
“On Baptism”, “To His Wife”, “Prescription for Heretics”
“Against Heretics”, “Demonstration of Apostolic Preaching”
Which of statement did Tertullian not make?
Jesus islight from light and true God from true God
Humans were to grow beyond angels
heretics can’t use Bible
For what was TERTULLIAN famous?
learning from John the apostle
initiating sunday worship
Tertullian's upbringing
A roman citizen with a patrician upbringing and conservative Christian/roman mores
Tertullian rejected greek philosophy
IRENAEUS OF LYON was of which century
IRENAEUS OF LYON wrote which books
“To His Wife”, “Prescription for Heretics”
“Prayer”, “Exhortation to Martyrdom”
IRENAEUS OF LYON did not say which statement?
Christ must be truly God and human to bring us together
NT and OT are equally sacred as scripture
Said heretics can’t use Bible
Goal of humanity is “divinization”
IRENAEUS OF LYON was influenced by
Justin
Plato
Polycarp
Which is false about IRENAEUS OF LYON
Claimed apostolic authority due to Polycarp (John)
A true pastor concerned with faith of flock
CYPRIAN OF CARTHAGE was of which century
Which statement is false about CYPRIAN OF CARTHAGE?
Martyred by valerius
Discovered Tatian
Followed Tertullian (loved rigor)
Which statement is true of CYPRIAN OF CARTHAGE?
The bishop IS the church and alone can forgive/reinstate
The bishop IS NOT the church and alone can forgive/reinstate
JUSTIN MARTYR was of which century?
JUSTIN MARTYR
initiated Roman 1st day worship
Against young leaders deposing elders at Corinth
Didn’t want to be rescued from martyrdom like Jesus and Paul
Which was not true of JUSTIN MARTYR
Christianity is the “true” philosophy
Saw value in the Logos doctrine
Believed ministerial succession from apostles on down
JUSTIN MARTYR did not believe
OT prophets predict Jesus but reject Sabbath and circumcision
he qualified as a Christian philosopher
Hated Judaism
CLEMENT OF ROME was of which century?
CLEMENT OF ROME- which is false of him and his beliefs?
Ministerial succession from apostles on down
Peter and Paul already in heaven
IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH was of which century?
IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH
was a Bishop/martyred
deemed himself a Christian philosopher
Which is false of IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH's beliefs
Established monarchical structure: 3-fold pattern bishop, presbyter, deacon in writing
Bishop is head for the sake of unity and preventing heresy
Bishop must acknowledge marriages
Which statement about Ignatius of Antioch is false?
Fled persecution to be of better use to the church
EPISTLE OF BARNABAS was written in which century?
Which is false of the EPISTLE OF BARNABAS
Written after major jewish uprisings in Alexandria and Judea
Rejects weekly Sabbath for 1k years and 8th day of rest
said that the goal of humanity is “divinization”
Allegorizes OT stories into Christian teachings but keeps their historical reality
Which century was POLYCARP OF SMYRNA
Which is true of Polycarp of Smyrna
He was a martyred bishop
He was a martyred philosopher
He was only persecuted, not martyred
Which is false about POLYCARP OF SMYRNA
Taught Christians in philippi to use Presbyterian form of governance
Learned Christianity from John
Served God 86 years
Tells stories of OT judgments against usurpers/rebellious
DIOCLETIAN was of what century
Who were DIOCLETIAN's co-regents/emperors?
Maximian (augustus), Galerias (caesar), Constantius (caesar)
Maximian (augustus), Jerome (caesar), Constantine (caesar)
Maximian (augustus), Julian (caesar), Constantine (caesar)
Diocletian
Called for return to traditional roman religion
Called for the restoration of Rome to pagan glory
Called for the Council of Nicea
Which is false re: DIOCLETIAN
Pushed to eradicate new religions like Christianity and Manicheanism
Wife Prisia and daughter Valeria were Christians
Persecuted Christians who prayed against him (treason)
Forced to retire because of sickness
ATHANASIUS was of which century?
ATHANASIUS wrote
“Life of Anthony”
“On the Holy Spirit”
“Life of Paul”-
ATHANASIUS experienced all the following but
defended Alexander against Arius
battled with demons in spiritual warfare, and defeated the devil by living like Christ.
Athanasius was banished five times for upholding the Nicean formula
ANTHONY was of which century
ANTHONY
became the model anchorite, the first ascetic to leave the Nile valley for the upper desert
Developed communal/cenobitic monasticism
attempted an urban Christian ascetic movement
ANTHONY did not do which of the following
Tried to become a martyr
Confounded the Arians
Favored Constantine who ended persecution
BASIL OF CAESAREA/ BASIL THE GREAT was of which century
BASIL OF CAESAREA/ BASIL THE GREAT wrote
“Rule”
“Church history”,
BASIL OF CAESAREA/ BASIL THE GREAT did not
educated in Athens in the schools of philosophy and attempted an urban Christian ascetic movement
Organize monasteries geared to devotion and care for the needy
MACRINA was of which century?
5th
MACRINA was the sister of
Basil of Caesarea
Gregory of Nazianzus
Anthony
Macrina
married Donatus
was a founder of Greek monasticism
was martyred by Constantine
Led many schools for the poor
Which is true about Macrina
taught the ascent of the soul to God in Christian terms
taught the Holy Spirit is God with the same divine nature as the Father and Son
taught ordinations are invalid if the bishop isn’t holy
Which is false about Macrina
turned her family estate into a monastic experiment where she and her slaves lived as equals
the older sibling of Basil who learned philosophy and religion from him and through personal reading
Agreed with Origen - all would be saved, even the devil (Apokatastasis)
GREGORY OF NYSSA was of which century?
GREGORY OF NYSSA wrote
“the Life of Macrina”, “On the Making of Man”, “On the Soul and the Resurrection”, “On the Holy Spirit"
“the Life of Macrina”, “On the Making of Man”, “On the Soul and the Resurrection”, “Against the Galileansy”
“the Life of Macrina”, “On the Making of Man”, “On the Soul and the Resurrection”, “On Virginity”
With whom did GREGORY OF NYSSA agree?
Origen- all would be saved, even the devil (Apokatastasis)
Donatus- all would be saved, even the devil (Apokatastasis)
Cyprian-all would be saved, even the devil (Apokatastasis)
Who were the great Cappadocian Fathers?
Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Casae Nigrae, and Gregory of Nazianzus
Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, and Gregory of Nazianzus
Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, and Gregory of Thaumaturgus
GREGORY OF NYSSA's sibling
BASIL OF CAESAREA
EUSEBIUS OF CAESAREA
