The most frequently used surgical approach for a total hip replacement is which of the following?
Direct lateral
Medial
Anterior lateral
Posterior lateral
The surgical approach for a total hip that is associated with the highest dislocation rate is which of the following?
medial
lateral
anterior
posterior
All of the following are appropriate teaching points for your patient after a total hip Except?
Carrying heavy objects on the contralateral side if using only one hand.
Avoiding high impact sports activities.
Resting in the prone position to stretch the hip flexors if the position is easily achievable.
The care plan for your patient with hemiarthoplasty indicates a need to avoid exercises that cause shearing forces across the hip joint. You need to avoid which of the following exercises during the acute phase of recovery?
Unassisted kneel slides
Submaximal gluteal setting
Active assist hip abduction
Submax quad setting
All of the following are appropriate interventions for your patient with trochanteric bursitis Except?
Multiple angle isometric exercises of the abductors in a lengthen position
Gentle stretching of the tight muscle groups
Cross fiber massage in the area of the greater trochanter
The least effective stretch to selectively stretch the hamstrings is which of the following?
Straight leg raise
Doorway stretch lying on the floor with one leg up on the door frame
Table stretch with one leg on the table opposite the floor
Bilateral toe touching in a long seated position
Any of the following are appropriate choices for close chain weight-bearing exercises Except?
Lunges
Step-ups
Supine bridging
Quadruped leg lifts
The most effective way to work the gluteus medius and downplay the usually more dominant TFL is to coach your patient to do which of the following to work on hip abduction?
Sidelying hip abduction with the hip in slight hip extension and hip internal rotation
Sidylying hip abduction in slight hip flexion and hip external rotation
Sidelying hip abduction with slight extension and external rotation
Sidelying hip abduction with slight hip flexion and hip internal rotation
All of the following are good activities of daily living instructions for a patient with a posterior approach to total hip Except?
Use a raised toilet seat
Do not cross the legs
Transfer to the good side when moving from bed to chair when possible
Do not sit in low chairs
Pivot on the operated lower extremity to turn around
Which of the following is a term used in documentation to describe an exercise to strengthen the external rotators of the hip by positioning the patient in sidelying with the hip and knees flexed and the patient raises the top knee while keeping the feet touching
Clam exercises
Thomas test
Swimer's exercise
All of the following are precautions for an anterior lateral total hip approach Except?
No hip flexion past 90 degrees
No hip extension past neutral
No external rotation
No prone lying
No bridging
The medial meniscus is firmly attached to all of the following structures Except?
The ACL
Joint capsule
Semimembranosus muscle
Bicep femoris muscle
Any of the following factors can be a cause of patellar mal alignment Except?
Tight IT band
Vastus medialis (VMO) weakness
Hip external rotator muscle weakness
A supinated subtalar joint
The position of comfort for a person with an acute knee effusion is generally which of the following?
60 degrees of knee flexion
40 degree of knee flexion
Full knee extension
25 degrees of knee flexion
The surgical procedure of choice to reduce pain, correct deformity, and improve function when a patient has severe articular erosion, pain, and instability of the knee is which of the following?
Synovectomy
Arthodises
Arthroscopic debridement and lavage
Arthroplasty
The knee ligament that is routinely sacrificed or excise during a total knee arthoplasty is which of the following?
LCL
MCL
PCL
ACL
A meniscal tear can cause _____ of the knee?
Joint laxity
Hypermobility
Hyperextension
Catching locking
Overstretching after a total knee imposes what threat to the patient?
Risk of a DVT
Decrease range of motion
Blocking blood flow
Tearing the incision which prolongs healing
Education for your patient with patellar femoral syndrome should include any of the following suggestions Except?
Perform range of motion exercises only in a comfortable range
Avoid any activities that provoke symptoms
Minimize stair climbing and descending
Avoid positions that keep the knees extended for long periods of time
Your patient has been identified as having patellar femoral pain syndrome and the PT plan of care indicates stretching exercises to appropriate muscles, you could expect these muscles to be any of the following Except?
Hamstrings
Gastrocs
TFL
Iliopsoas
The unholy triad is a term describing injury to which of the three associated structures of the knee?
MCL, LCL, PFL
PFL, ACL, MCL
PCL, ACL, NFL
ACL, MCL, Medial meniscus
As your patient is practicing step ups and step downs you observe valgus alignment of the knee on the involved side. Weakness of which hip muscle groups is most likely contributes to this hip malalignment?
Hip abductors and external rotators
Hip abductors and internal rotators
Hip adductor and internal rotators
Partial squats can be made more challenging by doing any of the following Except?
Flexing the trunk further forward in order to keep the knee over the feet
Using hands weights while performing squats
Placing elastic tubing under both feet and grasping it with your hands while straightening up
Performing squats with lower extremities more internally rotated to challenge the VMO
What does the anterior drawer tests in the ankle?
Anterior Talal fibular ligament
Medial ankle sprain
External rotation
Externsor hallucus longus
Deltoid ligament
What is the primary focus for an acute ankle sprain?
Protect from further injury
Hold and compress
Decreasing edema
Rest
Inflamation control
All of the above
What is not a biomechanical factor for chondromalacia?
High arch
High Q angle
Flat foot
Improper footwear
What test would not be helpful in testing patellar femoral pain?
Obers test
Patellar grind test
Impinchement test
Trendelenburg test
What is the main function of the MCL?
To resist valgus force
To resist varus force
In order to progress running in phase 4 rehab for a labral tear of the acetabulum, a patient must demonstrate all of the following Except?
Good muscle endurance
Ecentric control
Ability to generate power
Flexibility
What is a contraindication of a hip labral tear in phase 1 healing?
Range of motion exercises
Isometric exercises
Passive range of motion
Stretching exercises
What kind of ACL graft comes from a cadaver or a donor?
Allograft
Autograft
Xenograft
What is the most common cause of total knee arthroplasty?
Hemophilia
Rheumatoid arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
Prior ankle trauma or fracture
The close pack stable position of the talar cruel joint is which of the following?
Plantar flexion
Eversion
Inversion
Dorsiflexion
Which of the following terms are synonyms for flat foot?
Pes planus (pronated)
Pes cavus
Your patient has plantar fasciitis, you can expect to find any of the following impairments predisposing her to this condition Except?
Excessively high arch of the foot
Tight gastroc/soleus muscles
Tenderness to palpation at the calcaneal insertion of the fascia with possible heal spur
A weak anterior tibial muscle
The position of comfort for an ankle inversion sprain is which of the following?
Ankle dorsiflexion and eversion
Ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
Ankle plantarflexion and inversion
Ankle plantarflexion and eversion
After a soft tissue reconstruction for lateral ankle instability, the most important muscle group to strengthen for dynamic stability of the ankle is the?
The inverters
The plantarflexors
The dorsi flexors
The everters
An achilles tendon rupture can be identified by which of the following test?
Loughfmin test
Speed's test
Thompson test
Rhine test
Which of the following is the most effective method to stretch the gastroc/soleus complex?
During ankle dorsiflexion flex the knee for the soleus and extend the knee for the gastrocs
During ankle dorsiflexion extend the knee for the soleus and flex the knee for the gastrocs
Flex the knee in standing for both soleus and gastrocs
An exercise program that is designed to train the neuromuscular system to react quickly to activities, sports, or occupations that require quick starts and stops consists of exercises in which of the following categories?
Stretch lengthening drills
Open chain kinetic
Isokinetic
Plyometric
Which of the following types of active exercises are the most appropriate to use first during the acute phase of healing after a muscle injury.
Low intensity muscle setting
Submaximal isokinetic concentric exercise at slow velocities
Active ROM exercises
Multiple-angle isometric against manual resistance
Which of the following is a soft tissue lesion characterized by repeated submaximal overload of frictional wear
Cumulative trauma disorder
Bursitis
Synovitis
Tendinopathy
Fibromyalgia
A properly applied and progressed therapeutic exercise program should?
Grade the exercise to the stage of recovery to stress the tissues safety
Follow a pre-estrablished protocol in order to be consistent for all patients with the same diagnosis
Push the patient beyond his or her current stage of recovery in order to progress the healing process
Begin with passive exercise, progressing to active assistive exercise, active exercise, and than resistive by the third week after injury.
Hip pain referred from L1-L3 usually radiates to which area of the lower extremity?
Anterior thigh
Posterior thigh
Posterior buttock
Foot
What is the most common cause of musculoskeletal groin pain?
Muscle strain
Cancer
Infection
Fracture
Foot drop with gait disturbances is a classic sign of ______.
Sciatic neuropathy
Osteopenia
Plantar Fasciitis
Insufficiency Fracture
Which therapeutic intervention is absolutely contraindicated with a person who has a DVT?
Massage
Mobility
Exercise
Positioning
As the PTA makes a general survey of each client, it is also possible to observe which of the following?
Posture
Gait
Coordination
Atrophy
In a total hip arthroplasty, both the acetabulum and the femoral head are replaced?
The medial meniscus is injured more frequently than the lateral meniscus
