What is the most common feline cardiomyopathy?
Hypertrophic
Dilated
Restrictive
Arrhythmogenic RV
Which of the following is NOT a reason for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy to cause the left ventricle to thicken?
Pressure overlad
Disruption of cardiomyocyte arrangement
Abnormal sarcomeres
Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical effect of cardiomyopathy in cats?
Pulmonary oedema
Intra-cardiac thrombus
Arrhythmia
Ascites
Pulsus paradoxus refers to
jugular distension
decreasing femoral pulse strength on inspiration
lowered heart rate on inspiration
an irregularly irregular heart rate
Systolic Anterior Motion of the mitral leaflet specifically refers to
obstruction of outflow from the left ventricle
obstruction of flow into the left atrium
degeneration of the mitral valve
obstruction of outflow into the aorta
Systolic anterior motion of the mitral leaflet is associated with
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Atrial fibrillation
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Percardial effusion
Which of the following is/are major biomarker(s) for heart disease in cats?
cardiac troponin-1
creatine kinase
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
NT-proBNP
Which of the following can specifically treat angina associated with dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction?
atenolol
pimobendan
ACE inhibitor
furosemide
Which of the following would cause a volume overload?
ventricular septal defect
pulmonary stenosis
aortic stenosis
Where would you hear a murmur associated with a ventricular septal defect?
left side at the apex
left side at the base
left side at the sternal border
right side at the sternal border
right side, cranial aspect
Ventricular septal defects are normally
left-to-right shunts except in cases of pulmonary hypertension
right-to-left shunts except in cases of aortic hypertension
left-to-right shunts
right-to-left shunts except in cases of pulmonary hypertension
right-to-left shunts
Which of the following is most likely to cause cyanosis?
patent ductus arteriosus
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
ventricular septal defect alongside pulmonary stenosis
The circled area of the radiograph is characteristic of
dilated cardiomyopathy
degenerative mitral valve disease
Balloon valvuloplasty can be used to treat
pulmonic stenosis
Which of the following is often an incidental finding and rarely requires treatment?
atrial septal defects
ventricular septal defects
vascular ring anomalies
Which of the following can cause this abnormality?
persistent right aortic arch
atrial septal defect