What is a genotype?
The alleles an organism has
The characteristics an organisms alleles produce
A section of DNA that codes for a protein that results in a characteristic
What is a phenotype?
What is the process of the central dogma?
DNA replication --> transcription --> translation
RNA replication --> transcription --> translation
Mitosis --> translation --> transcription
DNA replication --> translation --> transcription
Where does DNA replication take place?
In the nucleus
In the cytoplasm
In extracellular fluid
Where does transcription take place?
In the extracellular fluid
Where does translation take place?
What is the name of the long arm of the chromosome?
Q arm
P arm
S arm
T arm
Where on the chromosome would you find the telomere?
At the end of each arm
In the centre
In the P arms only
In the Q arms only
What is the name for the centre of the chromosome?
Telomere
Centromere
Spindle
Chromatid
What is an intergenic region?
A region of DNA that does not code for a protein
Useless sections of DNA that are considered "junk"
A gene within another gene that codes for a different protein than the gene it is encompassed in
Regions of DNA where there is a DNA backbone but no DNA bases
What is the function of the intergenic regions?
They do not have a function
They have regulatory functions
They are there to make sure that the arms of the chromosome are symmetrical
They make up the telomere
Introns code for proteins. True or false?
Exons code for proteins. True or false?
Where does transcription begin?
At a promotor
At an ATT codon
At a palindrome
At the centromere
What is the function of RNA polymerase?
To add complementary RNA nucleotides to an elongating strand of mRNA
To unwind the DNA double helix locally
To add complementary DNA nucleotides to an elongating stand of mRNA
Which end of the mRNA is "capped" after transcription has occurred?
5'
3'
Which end of the mRNA is "polyadenylated" after transcription has occurred?
What is polyadenylation?
The addition of lots of adenines to the end of the new mRNA
The removal of the adenine at the 3' end of the new mRNA molecule
The addition of lots of ATP molecules to the end of the new mRNA molecule
What is spliced out of the mRNA after transcription?
Introns
Exons
Telomeres
Intergenic regions
Where are the introns spliced out of the mRNA?
At a splicosome
At a ribosome
