Who conducted a meta-analysis in 1988?
Mary Ainsworth
Fox
Van Ijzendoornand Kroonenberg
What procedure did they use in the studies Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg looked at?
Strange Situation
Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
How many countries did Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg look at?
32
10
8
What did Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg find as the most common form of attachment?
Secure
Insecure-Avoidant
Insecure-Resistant
What are some weakness' of Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg's study?
They used Ainsworth's Strange Situation = imposed etic
They looked at lots of countries
Culture Bias - Rothbaum et al. (2000) = attachment types do not convey across countries
They used Ainsworth's Strange Situation = ecological validity
What study looked at infants in an Israeli kibbutzim?
Ainsworth (1967)
Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1988)
Fox (1977)
What did Fox (1977) find?
Children attached equally to mother and nurse
Children had stronger attachment to mother
Children had a stronger attachment to nurse
Which study looked at Japanese infants in the strange situation?
Grossmann and Grossmann (1991)
Takahashi (1990)
What did Takahashi (1990) find?
High rates of insecure-resistant attachment (32%)
High rates of insecure-avoidant attachment (54%)
High rates of insecure-resistant attachment (54%)
