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Past papers; August 2014 May 2014

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Microorganisms MCQ's 2014 Answered

Frage 1 von 40

1

Pasteur is attributed with which one of the following discoveries?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Was the first to see microorganisms under a microscope

  • First to discover and use agar

  • That there could be life without air

  • The first chemical antibiotics

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Frage 2 von 40

1

The length of a typical E. coli cell is approximately?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 20 μm

  • 2 μm

  • 200 nm

  • 20 nm

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Frage 3 von 40

1

With respect to differences between members of the archaeal and bacterial
domains/kingdoms, which is the CORRECT statement?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Both have peptidoglycan in their cell walls

  • Only some Archaea are capable of methanogenesis

  • Archaea are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics

  • Bacteria have similar RNA polymerase to that of Archaea

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Frage 4 von 40

1

Which statement is CORRECT with respect to the E. coli chromosome?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It is negatively supercoiled

  • It is positively supercoiled

  • There are typically several origins of replication

  • It consists of over 50 million base pairs

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Frage 5 von 40

1

A culture of E. coli is diluted by a factor of x 10-5 and, after plating out 100 µl on an agar plate, 78 colonies grew after incubation at 37oC overnight. The original culture
therefore contained how many viable E. coli cells per ml?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 7.8 x 10(7)

  • 7.8 x 10(8)

  • 7.8 x 10(6)

  • 7.8 x 10(5)

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Frage 6 von 40

1

Bacterial flagella bring about cell motion by which mechanism?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Wave-like movement of the flagellum

  • Rotation of the cell

  • Rotation of the flagellum in one direction only

  • Rotation of the flagellum that is reversible

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Frage 7 von 40

1

The Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • Attenuated live Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • Mycobacterium bovis

  • Attenuated live Mycobacterium bovis

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Frage 8 von 40

1

Which of the following is only transmitted by direct person-to-person contact?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Malaria

  • Plague

  • Gonorrhoea

  • . Tuberculosis

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Frage 9 von 40

1

Photoautotophs use:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source

  • Light as an energy and glucose as a carbon source

  • CO2 as both an energy source and a carbon source

  • All of the above.

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Frage 10 von 40

1

Biochemical synthesis of new cell material is called:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Metabolism.

  • Anabolism.

  • Catabolism.

  • Synthatabolism.

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Frage 11 von 40

1

Carl Woese of the University of Illinois and his collaborators identified two major branches of prokaryotic evolution. What was the basis for dividing prokaryotes into two domains?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Microscopic examination of the staining characteristics of the cell wall.

  • . Metabolic characteristics such as the production of methane gas

  • Ecological characteristics such as the ability to survive extreme temperatures

  • Molecular characteristics such as ribosomal RNA sequences

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Frage 12 von 40

1

Incorporation of atmospheric N2 to NH4+ occurs via the process of:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Nitrogen fixation.

  • Nitrification.

  • Denitrification.

  • None of the above, atmospheric N2 cannot be incorporated into NH4+

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Frage 13 von 40

1

Which of these environmental factors influence microbial growth?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • pH

  • Water potential

  • Oxygen

  • All of the above

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Frage 14 von 40

1

The cardinal temperatures are the:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Minimum temperatures

  • Optimum temperatures

  • Maximum temperatures

  • Minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures taken together.

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Frage 15 von 40

1

‘Necrosis’ is a symptom of infection of a plant with a pathogenic organism. Necrosis is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yellowing of infected or surrounding tissue

  • Uncontrolled cell division resulting in the formation of a gall

  • Death of infected or surrounding cells

  • Premature leaf fall

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Frage 16 von 40

1

Phytophthora infestans is a fungus-like organism which:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Causes disease of a wide range of woody hosts

  • Causes potato blight

  • Causes ringworm

  • Causes black sigatoka disease of banana

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Frage 17 von 40

1

Bacterial genes:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • often contain introns

  • often organised in operons

  • always encode proteins

  • always shorter than 1,000 base pairs

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Frage 18 von 40

1

The Bacterial chromosome is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Circular DNA

  • Linear DNA

  • Either circular or linear DNA

  • Double stranded RNA

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Frage 19 von 40

1

The genome of measles virus is composed of :

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Double stranded DNA

  • Single stranded DNA

  • Single stranded RNA

  • DNA and RNA

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Frage 20 von 40

1

The poliovirus mature virus particle:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Contains 240 copies of a single protein

  • Contains 60 copies of four proteins

  • Has a dsDNA genome

  • Has a single stranded negative–sense genome

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Frage 21 von 40

1

With regard to the differences between bacterial and eukaryotic cells which statement is the CORRECT one?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Bacterial cells contain mitochondria

  • Bacterial cells are usually larger than eukaryote cells

  • Bacteria do not contain a chromosome

  • Only bacterial cells are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics

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Frage 22 von 40

1

Which statement is CORRECT with respect to the E.coli chromosome?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It is negatively supercoiled

  • It is positively supercoiled

  • There are typically several origins of replication

  • It consists of over 50 million base pairs

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 40

1

Which statement is CORRECT with respect to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • LPS is found in Gram positive cells

  • LPS is found in Gram negative cells in the cytoplasmic membrane

  • LPS is found in the outer-membrane of Gram negative cells.

  • LPS is found inside all bacterial cells

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Frage 24 von 40

1

A culture of E. coli is diluted by a factor of 10(-5) and, after plating out 100 µl on an
agar plate, 142 colonies grew after incubation at 37oC overnight. The original
culture therefore contained how many viable E. coli cells per ml?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 1.42 x 10(7)

  • 1.42 x 10(8)

  • 1.42 x 10(6)

  • 1.42 x 10(5)

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Frage 25 von 40

1

With respect to differences between members of the archaeal and bacterial
domains/kingdoms, which is the CORRECT statement?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Both have peptidoglycan in their cell walls

  • Only some Archaea are capable of methanogenesis

  • Archaea are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics

  • Bacteria have similar RNA polymerase to that of Archaea

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 40

1

Which statement is CORRECT with respect to peptidoglycan?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • There are multiple molecules of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls

  • Only Gram positive cells possess peptidoglycan

  • There is only a single molecule of peptidoglycan in a bacterial cell wall

  • Peptidoglycan is only found in the Gram negative cell wall

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Frage 27 von 40

1

Which of the following is transmitted to humans by arthropods?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Tuberculosis

  • Malaria

  • Cholera

  • Typhoid

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Frage 28 von 40

1

The antibiotic rifampicin interferes with which of the following?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Peptidoglycan synthesis

  • DNA gyrase

  • Lipid synthesis

  • RNA polymerase

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Frage 29 von 40

1

Catalase is indispensable to

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Obligate anaerobes

  • Aerotolerant anaerobes

  • Aerobes

  • All of the above

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Frage 30 von 40

1

The CORRECT way to write this microbe’s name is

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • bacillus subtilis (italics)

  • Bacillus subtilis

  • Bacillus Subtilis (italics)

  • Bacillus subtilis (italics)

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Frage 31 von 40

1

Chemical energy is released when organic or inorganic compounds are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Reduced

  • Incorporated into larger molecules

  • Oxidized

  • Synthesized

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Frage 32 von 40

1

A microbe isolated from deep in the ocean could best be characterized as a:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Psychrophile.

  • Mesophile.

  • Barophile and psychrophile

  • Barophile.

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Frage 33 von 40

1

Which of the following is both a selective and a differential medium?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Nutrient broth.

  • MacConkey agar.

  • Blood agar.

  • Tryptic soya broth.

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Frage 34 von 40

1

The signature sequence is used extensively in:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Developing phylogenetic probes for fluorescent in situ hybridisation.

  • Analyzing the G+C content of DNA.

  • Isolating microorganisms from the environment.

  • All of the above

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Frage 35 von 40

1

Mature virus particles (Virions) ALWAYS contain:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • non-structural proteins

  • a protease enzyme

  • a DNA or RNA genome

  • a reverse transcriptase

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Frage 36 von 40

1

Viruses may encode their genomes as

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • DNA

  • RNA

  • negative strand RNA

  • All of the above

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Frage 37 von 40

1

Organisms belonging to the genus Phytophthora are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • True fungi

  • Fungus-like organisms

  • Slime moulds

  • Rusts

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Frage 38 von 40

1

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about true fungi

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • True fungi are eukaryotic

  • All true fungi are multi-cellular

  • True fungi are heterotrophic

  • Most true fungi have chitin cell walls

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Frage 39 von 40

1

With regards to bacterial plasmids which statement is the CORRECT one?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A plasmid is a regulatory gene

  • A plasmid is a short RNA molecule

  • A plasmid is an extra chromosomal DNA molecule

  • A plasmid is a non coding region found in some bacterial genomes

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Frage 40 von 40

1

A Wild-type bacterial strain is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A strain with a limited number of mutations

  • An arbitrarily chosen strain

  • A strain without plasmids

  • A strain which is sensitive to antibiotics

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