ON11 Leukemia & Lymphoma​

Leukemias​ - cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues:
Acute Myeloid Leukemia​
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia​
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia​
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia​
Note: Acute leukemia involves the immature cells, called ❌ cells, whereas chronic leukemia develops in ❌ cells. Myeloid = bone marrow and ❌, lymphocytic = ❌.

Lymphomas​(cancer beginning in lymphocytes)
- Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
More ❌, more likely to be in older patients. Begins in ❌ nodes.
- Hodgkin’s Lymphoma ​
Hodgkin's lymphoma is marked by the presence of ❌ cells, which a physician can identify using a microscope. In Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, these cells are not present. Typically begins in the ❌ body, such as the neck, chest or armpits.

Clinical Presentation:
Coughing / ❌ pain​
Fever / chills​
Frequent ❌​
❌ skin or rash​

Loss of ❌ or nausea​
❌ sweats​
Persistent ❌ and fatigue​
Shortness of ❌​
❌, painless lymph nodes in neck, armpits, or groin ​

Leukemia diagnosis:
- Signs and symptoms​
- Complete ❌
- ❌ biopsy

Lymphoma diagnosis:
- Signs and symptoms​
- ❌ biopsy/extraction​
- Complete blood cell count​
- Bone marrow biopsy​
- ❌ (look for signs in other parts of your body)​

Prognosis​:

Leukemia -
Children (ALL) - ❌% cured​
Adults (ALL) - ❌% achieve remission​
Adults (AML) - ❌% achieve remission​
+ 70% 5-year survival ALL​.

Lymphoma:
HL - 5-year survival ❌
NHL​:
Localized - ❌
Regional - 72%​
Distant - ❌

Treatment – Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia.
1. Induction of remission - [❌, +/- ❌]​ = 1-2 months​
2. Consolidation (intensification) [same drugs, high doses]​ = ❌ months​
3. Maintenance [❌, +/- imatinib]​ = 2 ❌​

CNS treatment/prophylaxis (may be continued through all phases)​:
Intrathecal [methotrexate]​
High dose ❌ methotrexate​
❌​

Treatment – Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia​:

Watch and ❌​
Once symptoms appear / disease progressing:​ Many different combinations of standard ❌ used, in addition to ❌ therapy, and/or monoclonal antibodies [❌]​.
HSCT (Stem Cell Transplants) a possibility for high risk patients.

Treatment – Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma​
Chemotherapy – ❌ cycles of combination therapy over several months​:
- ❌ [Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisone]​
- R-CHOP [add ❌ if CD20 positive]​
- ❌ [Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Prednisone]​
- ❌ [Ifostamide, Carboplatin, Etoposide]​

Radiation and HSCT are also options for high risk patients .

Monitoring intrathecal CT:
- Every ❌, check symptoms - Headache, ❌ changes, fatigue, ❌ issues, soreness/❌ at entry​?
- ❌ labs for blood cell ❌
- Check for signs of infection ❌