Name the product of protein digestion.
Amino acid
Protease
Hydrochloric Acid
What is an allele?
A variation of a gene
A type of gene
A mutated cell
Thick, jelly like substance in the nucleus
Select the process in the body that is NOT done by diffusion
Water absorption in the large intestine
Water loss from leaves/transpiration
Glucose molecules absorbed
Gas exchange - CO2 out, O2 in
Moving particles (e.g mineral ions) against the concentration gradient
Pepsin is made by the stomach.
Name the acid made by the stomach that allows pepsin to work well.
Hydrochloric acid
Nitric acid
Which of the following is NOT a process done by diffusion?
Taking in substances for use in cell processes
Removing products of cell processes
Carrying oxygen around the body
What type of enzyme digests dietary fats?
Lipase
Amylase
None of the above
Diffusion is the movements of molecules through a fully permeable membrane against the concentration gradient.
Name the process that makes lactic acid in an athlete's muscles.
Anaerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration
In a hydroponic system (when farmers grow crops in greenhouses with no soil) an air pump and airstone makes bubbles of air in a solution of ions. Gases from the air will dissolve into the solution.
Explain how this helps keep the plant's root alive.
Supplies O2 which allows respiration meaning more energy for growth and active transport.
Changes the volume of the solution to trick the plant into not transpiring (losing water)
Changes the concentration to allow diffusion
Which type of enzyme digests protein?
Each molecule of chlorophyll contains a magnesium ion.
Why do plants need magnesium ions for healthy growth?
To make chlorophyll which traps light and energy for photosynthesis.
To make chlorophyll which can be processed and made into glucose for the plant
To make the sap vacuole inside plant cells.
Name one ion that plants take in to supply them with nitrogen.
Nitrate
Air
CO2
Minerals
Why is more lactic acid made in the muscles when running at 14 km per hour than when running at 8 km per hour?
More energy is needed and there is not enough O2 getting to cells so more anaerobic respiration.
The runner needs more energy so food is digested quicker, lactic acid is produced as a byproduct of this.
More energy is needed but there is not enough O2 getting to cells so more aerobic respiration.
What is meant by a recessive allele?
Only expressed if dominant allele is not present.
Only expressed if dominant allele is present.
Only expressived if there is one.
Fossils
Early life forms were soft-bodied.
Explain why this makes it difficult for scientists to be certain about what these early life forms were like
Fossils destryed due to soft parts decaying.
No evidence.
They were eaten, they rarely died of natural causes.
Plants need a supply of the element nitrogen to make substances.
Select the subsance that nitrogen does NOT make.
Protein
Amino acids
Enzymes
Glucose
Students did an experiment to find out where different types of seaweed live on a seashore. They used quadrats.
Which of the following would NOT improve their investigation to ensure they produced valid data?
SE
Repeating the experiment several times
Placing the quadrat elsewhere along the shore
Getting a larger quadrat
Which type of enzyme digests carbohydrates?
During IVF treatment, each fertilised egg cell forms an embryo by cell division.
What is this type of cell division?
Meisosis
Mitosis
Cloning
Genetic material is made up of large molecules of a chemical substance.
What is this chemical substance?
DNA
A bladder wrack (a type of seaweed) has many air bladders.
The air bladders help the bladder wrack to float upwards when the sea covers it.
Suggest how this helps the bladder wrack to survive.
Means it is closer to the light, so more photosynthesis
More minerals at the surface of the water for it to absorb
There is less CO2 at the surface of the water, meaning more O2 for respiration
There are a number of reasons why organisms may not mate sucessfully.
Select the odd one out.
They are different sexes
It is not mating season
They do not find each other attractive
They are juvenile
