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Quiz am Biology Winter Final Review Exam, erstellt von LizzieWF am 08/02/2015.

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Biology Winter Final Review Exam

Frage 1 von 20

1

What factors cause genetic drift?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Natural disasters

  • Random mutation

  • Migration

  • The evolution of an allele from recessive to dominant

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Frage 2 von 20

1

Gene flow is the flow of alleles into and out of a population over time

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 3 von 20

1

What are Darwin's three principles about how natural selection occurs?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Organisms inherit characteristics and traits from their parents and then produce their own offspring

  • Organisms will always mutate and bring new traits into the gene pool which are selected based on usefulness

  • Organisms produce more offspring than will ultimately survive

  • Organisms and offspring differ from each other because of the characteristics or variations they inherit

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Frage 4 von 20

1

Harmful mutations are removed from the gene pool via

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Natural selection

  • Organisms with those mutations are sterile

  • Genetic drift

  • Organisms with those mutations die before they can reproduce

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Frage 5 von 20

1

If there is not enough variation in a species

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Advantageous or rare traits and alleles vanish from the population

  • Genetic diversity goes down

  • More alleles are created in order to offset the lack of variation

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Frage 6 von 20

1

In the eighteenth century, which men reintroduced ideas about the evolution of animals?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace

  • Erasmus Darwin, Georges-Louis Leclerc, and Comte de Buffon

  • Erasmus Darwin and Charles Darwin

  • Erasmus Darwin and Alfred Wallace

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Frage 7 von 20

1

What is Charles Darwin's theory?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Offspring inherit traits from their parents and offspring with the most advantageous traits will be more likely to survive and procreate

  • Offspring inherit traits from their parents and the offspring who reproduce less are less fit

  • Parents only pass on advantageous traits to their offspring, making natural selection a competition between the elite (in terms of genes)

  • Traits are neither advantageous or harmful, but are randomly passed down, similar to mutations

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Frage 8 von 20

1

Divergent evolution is where two completely unrelated species develop similar traits

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 9 von 20

1

Homologous structure

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Corresponds to divergent evolution

  • Describes structures which are genetically related in two species who share a common ancestor

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Frage 10 von 20

1

Analogous structure describes similar structures in two genetically unrelated organisms

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 11 von 20

1

Check all boxes which are examples of mechanisms for genetic change

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Blue eyes in humans being selected for 10,000 years ago

  • The mutation that causes sickle cell anemia

  • The migration of early hominids out of Africa

  • The elimination of rare alleles in Avida when the population gets too small

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Frage 12 von 20

1

The Founder Effect describes why populations which were started by just a few organisms have decreased genetic diversity

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 13 von 20

1

Choose the best definition for fitness in an organism

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • How many kids a person has

  • The number of offspring an organism contributes to the next generation, compared with other individuals in its population

  • The number of years an organism lives divided by the number of offspring it is able to produce

  • The survival rate of an organism's offspring compared to the survival rate of others in its population

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Frage 14 von 20

1

Population means all the organisms in a given species, even if they don't live in the same geographic area

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 15 von 20

1

Most genetic traits are simple (as opposed to complex)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 16 von 20

1

The cell's 3D printers are called

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • tRNA

  • Ribosomes

  • Helicase

  • Sequence of DNA nucleotides

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Frage 17 von 20

1

Nucleotides

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Are symbols of the cell's "software code"

  • Are represented by the letters A, U, G, and C in DNA

  • Provide the code for making amino acids

  • Substitute one of their letters when DNA transcribes mRNA

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Frage 18 von 20

1

The mRNA nucleotides are determined by

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The order of DNA nucleotides

  • The order in which they were transcribed

  • Random genetic mutation

  • The "flash-drives" of a cell

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Frage 19 von 20

1

The Founder Effect

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Explains why most Native Americans don't have type B blood

  • Is one cause of genetic drift

  • Is defined as a loss in genetic diversity which occurs when a population is started by a small number of individuals

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Frage 20 von 20

1

The Bottleneck Effect

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Explains why cheetahs are all essentially clones of one another

  • Describes the loss of genetic variation which occurs when a population's size decreases sharply over a generation

  • Is often used with and is similar to the Founder Effect

  • Explains why human beings aren't very genetically diverse

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