Please choose the most commonly reported nosocomial infections
endocarditis
infections of the surgical site, primary sepsis, infections of the lower respiratory tract, urinary infections
osteomyelitis, encephalitis
What is the main factor facilitating transmission of nosocomial infections?
medical instruments
medical equipment
hands of the medical staff, interns. students
What is the definition for a nosocomial outbreak?
occurrence of 2 or more cases of nosocomial infection, caused by the same microorganism with the same or different localization and epidemic connection between the cases or the same mechanism for transmission
occurrence of 4 or more cases of nosocomial infection, caused by the same microorganism, with the same or different localization and epidemic connection between the cases or the same mechanism for transmission
occurrence of 8 or more cases of nosocomial infection, caused by the same microorganism, with the same or different localization and epidemic connection between the cases or the same mechanism for transmission
The possible sources of nosocomial infections arc divided as follows
medical personnel and patients
exogenous and endogenous
students and postgraduate students
On what does the frequency of nosocomial infections depend?
the strains of the microorganisms specific for the hospital
the number of beds in the hospital
the antibiotic resistance of the microorganisms
When was the term “Staphylococcal plague” first used?
in the 1950's
in the 1990's
in 2000
in 1920's
Possible source of nosocomial infection can be
patients in hospitals or dental units with diagnosed infection or carriers of infection
cockroaches
food
water
Factors for transmitting nosocomial infections can be Use stay in hospital
What percent of the hospital patients every year are affected by hospital acquires infection?
1-5%
5-10%
10-15%
15-20%
If you wear gloves while providing care, hand hygiene Is not required
MRSA and other multi-drug-resistant organisms can be transmitted
Through medical equipment that is shared and not disinfected appropriately between patients
On the hands of health-care workers who do not perform hand hygiene as indicated in the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene
Through environmental surfaces that are not properly cleaned
All of the above
When using alcohol-based hand rub, you should
Apply the hand rub and wave hands until dry
Apply a sufficient quantity of hand rub and rub hands for a least 15 seconds, being sure to cover all areas: front, back, between fingers, nail beds and thumbs
Apply the hand rub and rub palms together for 10 seconds
Apply hand rub when you see infection control staff on the unit
Which types of infections can be transmitted as DAI (dental associated infections)
blood-borne, air-borne, water-borne
only blood-borne
only air-borne
skin-borne
"Staph plague" is typical for which risk department?
gynecology
otolaryngology
urology
psychiatry
List at least three etiological agents, causing NI
Who was first person to introduce the disinfection of the hands of medical students in the 19th century (1846)?
Semmelweiss
Lister
Carl Landsteiner
John Hopkins
Which patient groups have the highest risk of HAI/NI?
organ transplant patients, HIV-infected, multiple trauma and burns
patients with infectious diseases
patients in a children’s ward
patients in urology ward
Most health-care-associated infections are transmitted to patients
On the hands of health-care workers
From dirty washrooms
From hospital food
You are working on a Friday night and several patients become symptomatic with vomiting and diarrhea. You should
Wait till Monday morning and then contact infection control
No action is required: the day shift will sort it out
Place the patients on contact precautions, chart symptoms and follow your facility’s procedure for reporting a suspected outbreak
Ignore the situation and pretend you did not notice anything out of the ordinary
If your hands are visibly soiled, hand hygiene using alcohol-based hand rub is the preferred method
