Charlotte Jakes
Quiz von , erstellt am more than 1 year ago

Only a few questions on the history and physics of imaging - key words found in Quizlet

54
0
0
Charlotte Jakes
Erstellt von Charlotte Jakes vor mehr als 4 Jahre
Schließen

Imaging Techniques

Imaging Techniques

Frage 1 von 25

1

Who discovered the x-ray in 1895?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Wilhelm Rongten

  • Johann Radon

  • Hounsfield

  • Oldendorf

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 25

1

Lossy compression file formations should never be used to store medical images.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 25

1

With what piece of apparatus were x-rays discovered?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Crooke's tube with barium platinocyanide

  • Crooke's tube with phosphorus

  • A 14C isotope and photographic film

  • A heated sample of helium

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 25

1

Why is iodine a good contrast agent for x-ray imaging?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • High attenuation

  • Long radioactive half life

  • Only need a small amount

  • Produces pink colouration of photographic paper

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 25

1

X-rays are produced when high speed electrons strike a target material. The energy of these electrons can be converted to what, in terms of what is useful in medicine?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Light photons

  • Gamma rays

  • Alpha particles

  • Microwaves

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 25

1

Which factors of tissues allow us to distinguish between different tissues on an x-ray image?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Thickness/distance from source - the longer the distance travelled, the lower the intensity of x-rays detected

  • Attenuation - a measure of the material's ability to attenuate x-rays (higher attenuation = brighter image)

  • Oxygen concentration in the tissue

  • Fluid content of the tissue

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 25

1

Tissues who are more attenuating of x-rays appear brighter on x-rays (i.e. bones are highly attenuating so appear bright white)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 25

1

Which generation of CT scan do modern systems use?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Generation 1 - dual motion pencil beam scanner in a translate-rotate mechanism

  • Generation 2 - dual motion narrow fan beam in a translate-rotate mechanism

  • Generation 3 - single motion with a fan beam and rotating detector and source in a rotate-rotate mechanism

  • Generation 4 - fan beam with rotating source only and stationary-rotate mechanism

  • Generation 5 - scanning electron beam with stationary-stationary mechanism

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 25

1

Fülle die Lücken, um den Text zu vervollständigen.

Fill in the blanks to give the type of ionising radiation based off the property.
radiation is stopped by paper.
radiation is not stopped by paper but is stopped by plastic.
radiation is not stopped by paper or plastic but is stopped by concrete/steel/lead.

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 25

1

Alpha decay occurs in natural radioactive elements heavier than lead (i.e. having a relative mass of over 81)

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 25

1

In beta-minus decay, what does a neutron break down into?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Proton and electron

  • Two neutrons

  • Two electrons

  • Two protons

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 25

1

In beta-minus decay, the atomic number and mass both increase by 1.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 25

1

In beta-plus decay, a proton breaks down into what?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A neutron and a positron

  • A proton and neutron

  • A proton and electron

  • Two protons

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 25

1

Why is alpha radiation not suitable for medical imaging?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Won't be detectable outside of the body

  • Not safe for use inside the body

  • Releases too much thermal energy

  • Isn't found in non-toxic mediums

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 25

1

What happens when a positron and an electron meet?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • They are converted into two gamma photons travelling in opposite directions

  • They form two protons which travel in the same direction

  • The positron is converted into an electron and the two orbit one another

  • They form one neutron

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 25

1

In isomeric transition, the mass, atomic number and charge of the nucleus all remain the same.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 25

1

Radioactive isotopes with long half lives are not suitable for use in medical imaging.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 25

1

Which radioactive isotope do we commonly use in medical imaging due to its half life of around 6 hours and its ability to be made in a lab?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Technetium

  • Phosphorus

  • Platinum

  • Tungsten

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 25

1

Why can we use the 18F isotope to monitor metabolism in tissues?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 18F can be incorporated into fluorodeoxyglucose which the body treats as standard glucose

  • 18F emits radiation in high carbon dioxide concentrations

  • 18F emits radiation in high oxygen concentrations

  • 18F reacts with acetyl CoA, emitting radiation

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 25

1

What type of radiation does the 18F isotope emit?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Beta-plus (positrons)

  • Beta-minus (electrons)

  • Alpha (alpha particles)

  • Gamma

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 25

1

Fülle die Lücken, um den Text zu vervollständigen.

Fill in the blanks to describe the physics of MRI scanning.
Protons have the physical property of - they spin on their axes oriented in different directions.
When placed inside a magnetic field, the protons align and become .
Some protons will spin in a direction, others in a south-north direction.
In the MRI scanner, a second electromagnet flips the protons off their axes, usually by degrees.
The of the coil must exactly match the at which the protons are spinning.
When we turn off the second electromagnet and the proton returns to its spin and releases signals which can be detected.
Different tissues have different densities of so take different lengths of time to return to rest - these relaxation time differences form contrasting images.

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 25

1

Why do MRI images not show bone?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Bone has low hydrogen content

  • Bone has high calcium content

  • Protons in bone do not have spin

  • Bone has high hydrogen content

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 25

1

Fülle die Lücken, um den Text zu vervollständigen.

Fill in the blanks below to describe the principles of ultrasound imaging.
A short ultrasound pulse is emitted and a detector 'listens' for a pulse. The time between emitting a pulse and receiving a response tells us how far away the pulse was when it was . The energy of the pulse tells us how much the energy has in the tissue - the properties of the tissue determine this.

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 25

1

What did Ansell and Rotblat do in 1948?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Produce the first image of a thyroid using radioactive iodine

  • Discovered the X-ray

  • Invented the hydrophone for locating icebergs based on pulse-echo principles

  • Discovered radioactivity

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 25

1

Langevin invented the hydrophone to detect icebergs using pulse-echo physics ib 1915 following the Titanic disaster.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Vorherige
Nächste