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The ( pied kingfisher, indian kingfisher ) (Ceryle rudis) is a species of ( water kingfisher, only land kingfisher ) widely distributed across ( Africa and Asia, Asia and Europe, Europe, North America ). Originally described by Linnaeus in 1758, it has five recognised subspecies. Its black and white plumage and crest, as well as its habit of hovering over clear lakes and rivers before diving for fish, make it distinctive. Males have a double band across the breast, while females have a single gorget that is often broken in the middle. They are usually found ( in pairs or small family groups, large groups, singular ). When perched, they often bob their head and flick up their tail.