Science 9: Unit 5 - Space Exploration

Topic 1.2 - Our Solar System

Solar System: A system containing a star, with other space bodies(planets, asteroids, etc.) revolving around it that are held together by gravity.

- Proto-planet Hypothesis: Dust is pulled together and creates a solar system

The Sun: An average-sized star that is in the center of our solar system.

- Made of Hydrogen and Helium

- 110x wider than Earth

- Surface temperatures = 5500 C, Core = 15,000,000 C

- Has a magnetic field

- Has solar flares(flares coming off the sun)

- Has sunspots(cooler spots on the sun)

- Is 90% of our solar system

The Terrestrial Planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

- Small and rocky

- Shorter rotations and revolutions

- Hottest planets

The Jovial Planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

- Giant and gaseous

- Longer rotations and revolutions

- Coldest planets

Mercury - Smallest

Venus - Cloudy and hottest

Earth - Supports life

Mars - Has some water, covered in red sand

Jupiter - Largest, tons of moons

Saturn - Has rings, made of gas

Uranus - "Rolls", has rings and made of ice

Neptune - Made of ice

Comet: A small ball of dust and ice that revolves around the sun. The ice melts, creating a trail.

Asteroid: A field of rocks in-between Mars and Jupiter

Natural Satellite: A naturally occurring space body that orbits a larger body Eg. The Moon

Phases of the Moon: New Moon, Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Last Quarter, Waning Crescent...

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Use this to study for tests.