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Psychology Quiz am Chapter 4 - part 2: Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System , erstellt von Vincent Voltaire am 09/02/2020.

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Chapter 4 - part 2: Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System

Chapter 4 - part 2: Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System

Frage 1 von 60

1

What aspect of perception is affected by the wavelength of light?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • saturation

  • light purity

  • brightness

  • colour

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Frage 2 von 60

1

What affects our perception of the brightness of a colour?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • saturation of light waves

  • purity of light waves

  • amplitude of light waves

  • wavelength of light waves

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Frage 3 von 60

1

Jose is wearing a blue shirt, and Evan is wearing a red shirt. What is the difference between the two shirts, in
terms of light waves?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Jose’s reflects higher amplitude light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects shorter light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects longer light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects lower amplitude light waves than Evan’s.

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Frage 4 von 60

1

What aspect of visual perception is responsive to differences in the amplitude of light waves?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • colour

  • purity

  • saturation

  • brightness

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Frage 5 von 60

1

What aspect of visual perception will change if you change the purity of the light waves?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • saturation

  • colour constancies

  • hue

  • brightness

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Frage 6 von 60

1

If your lens is very round, which of the following will you see best?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • close objects

  • distant objects

  • moving objects

  • brightly coloured objects

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Frage 7 von 60

1

As people age, the lens of the eye loses its ability to accommodate, and it tends to remain flat instead of
becoming fat and round. What does this suggest about the effects of aging on vision?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • We become less likely to detect differences in light purity.

  • We become more likely to detect differences in brightness and hue.

  • We lose the ability to focus on objects that are close.

  • We lose the ability to focus on objects in the distance.

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Frage 8 von 60

1

What is the structure that controls the size of the pupil?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • lens

  • vitreous humour

  • cornea

  • iris

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Frage 9 von 60

1

What changes in size, in order to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • cornea

  • pupil

  • retina

  • lens

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Frage 10 von 60

1

What happens to the pupil of the eye in bright sunlight?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It constricts.

  • It flattens.

  • It dilates.

  • It closes.

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Frage 11 von 60

1

Isaiah is having his eyes checked. The doctor has put drops in Isaiah’s eyes that will cause the pupils to open
wide. What will happen to Isaiah’s vision as the drops begin to work?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • His vision will start to become quite blurry.

  • He will lose some of his colour vision.

  • His vision will become extremely sharp and clear.

  • Colours will appear to be “super” saturated.

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Frage 12 von 60

1

What happens to the pupil of the eye in dim light?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It is dilated, producing a sharper image.

  • It is dilated, producing an image that is not as sharp.

  • It is constricted, producing an image that is not as sharp.

  • It is constricted, producing a sharper image.

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Frage 13 von 60

1

Which of the following processes compensates for sensory adaptation?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • transduction

  • saccades

  • dilation

  • lens accommodation

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Frage 14 von 60

1

Where is the optic disk?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • where the visual fields from both eyes merge

  • where the optic nerve exits the retina

  • immediately in front of the lens

  • where most of the rod and cones are located

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Frage 15 von 60

1

What is the blind spot in the eye?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • where the optic nerve exits the back of the eye

  • the point at which ganglion cells synapse with bipolar cells

  • the area where only cones are present

  • where photoreceptor cells do not “bleach”

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Frage 16 von 60

1

Petra has vision problems because of a syndrome that causes her cones to be faulty. Her rods function normally.
Which of the following aspects of Petra’s vision is likely to be deficient?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • colour vision

  • depth perception

  • vision in low illumination

  • peripheral vision

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Frage 17 von 60

1

Imagine that biologists have discovered an animal that has eyes very similar to human eyes, but that the only
receptor cells in the retina are rods; there are no cones. What would you expect about this animal’s vision, based
on what is known about human vision?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It would be able to detect extremely fine details.

  • It would have poor peripheral vision.

  • It would have poor vision in low illumination.

  • It would have no colour vision.

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Frage 18 von 60

1

Imagine that biologists have discovered an animal that has eyes very similar to human eyes, but that the only
receptor cells in the retina are cones; there are no rods. What would you expect about this animal’s vision, based
on what is known about human vision?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It would have poor peripheral vision.

  • It would have poor visual acuity.

  • It would have excellent vision in dim light.

  • It could not see in colour.

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Frage 19 von 60

1

Devin has contracted a very rare eye disease that has caused damage to his rods, but for the most part, his cones
have not been affected. Which of the following aspects of Devin’s vision is likely to be deficient?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • vision in bright illumination

  • peripheral vision

  • colour vision

  • detecting differences in wavelengths of light

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Frage 20 von 60

1

Which of the following techniques would allow you to maximize visual acuity at night?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Close one eye.

  • Blink your eyes several times to hasten dark adaptation.

  • Look slightly above or below the object you wish to see.

  • Look directly at the object you wish to see.

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Frage 21 von 60

1

Fifteen minutes after Zigfried left the brightly lit hallway and entered the dark passageway, what would you
expect about his dark adaptation?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It is still taking place in both his rods and his cones.

  • It is complete in his rods, but still taking place in his cones.

  • It is complete in both his rods and cones.

  • It is complete in his cones, but still taking place in his rods.

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Frage 22 von 60

1

What does the receptive field of a visual cell refer to?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • the portion of visual cortex that receives information from that cell

  • a cell’s degree of sensitivity or receptivity

  • a range of wavelengths of light the cell reacts to

  • an area of rods and cones that cause the visual cell to fire

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Frage 23 von 60

1

When light hits the centre-surround of a receptive field, which of the following will be stimulated?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • the inhibitory synapse to the visual cell

  • the excitatory synapse to the visual cell

  • the optic nerve

  • the optic disc

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Frage 24 von 60

1

When light hits the centre of a receptive field, but does not hit the centre-surround, which of the following is most
likely to occur?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The associated visual cell will fire.

  • The associated visual cell will be inhibited.

  • The nearby visual cells will be stimulated.

  • The optic nerve will be inhibited.

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Frage 25 von 60

1

When light hits the centre-surround of a receptive field, but does not hit the centre, which of the following is most
likely to occur?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The associated visual cell will fire.

  • The associated visual cell will be inhibited.

  • The nearby visual cells will be inhibited.

  • The optic nerve will fire.

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Frage 26 von 60

1

What is the optic chiasm?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • the portion of the lateral geniculate nucleus that is responsible for coordination of sensory input

  • the point at which the optic nerves cross over one another before projecting to the occipital lobe

  • the portion of the visual cortex responsible for feature detection

  • the gap between the right occipital lobe and the left occipital lobe

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Frage 27 von 60

1

If the pathway through your superior colliculus were not functioning correctly, what would be difficult for you to
do?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • perceiving depth

  • integrating visual and auditory information

  • distinguishing colours

  • detecting differences in texture

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Frage 28 von 60

1

In which of the following lobes would you find the primary visual cortex?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • frontal

  • occipital

  • temporal

  • parietal

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Frage 29 von 60

1

Through which of the following brain areas do visual signals travel just before reaching primary visual cortex?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • frontal lobes

  • optic disc

  • thalamus

  • superior colliculus

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Frage 30 von 60

1

Which of the following depicts an accurate pathway for neural signals leaving the retina?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • optic chiasm, optic nerve, occipital lobe, lateral geniculate nucleus

  • optic nerve, optic chiasm, thalamus, primary visual cortex

  • optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic chiasm, occipital lobe

  • optic chiasm, medial geniculate nucleus, primary visual cortex, thalamus

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Frage 31 von 60

1

What are the cells in the visual cortex that respond selectively to specific details of complex stimuli?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • ventral cells

  • centre-surround detectors

  • feature detectors

  • ganglion cells

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Frage 32 von 60

1

What are the cells in the visual cortex that respond to a line of the correct width, oriented at the correct angle,
and located in the correct position in its receptive field?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • ganglion cells

  • binary cells

  • complex cells

  • simple cells

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Frage 33 von 60

1

What do complex cells in the visual cortex respond to?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • specific widths and orientation of lines anywhere in their receptive field

  • different colours in a specific spectrum

  • figure-ground disparity in the visual field

  • discrepancies between the centre and centre-surround in a receptive field

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Frage 34 von 60

1

A microelectrode is recording the activity from a single cell in the visual cortex of a cat. The cell begins to fire
rapidly when a line is presented at a 45-degree angle directly in front of the cat, but stops firing when the line is
shifted to a position that is off to the left. What type of cell is likely being monitored in this case?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • complex cell

  • simple cell

  • cell in the superior colliculus

  • ganglion cell

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Frage 35 von 60

1

A microelectrode is recording the activity from a single cell in the visual cortex of a cat. The cell begins to fire
rapidly when a vertical line sweeps across the visual field to the left, but stops firing when the same line sweeps
back across the visual field to the right. What type of cell is likely being monitored in this case?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • cell in the parvocellular channel

  • simple cell

  • ganglion cell

  • complex cell

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Frage 36 von 60

1

After visual input has been processed in the primary visual cortex, signals are processed further along a number
of pathways. Which of the following types of visual information would be processed in the temporal lobe, along
the ventral stream?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • movement

  • brightness and contours

  • faces

  • complexity and contrast

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Frage 37 von 60

1

After visual input has been processed in the primary visual cortex, signals are processed further along a number
of pathways. Where is information about object recognition processed?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • temporal lobes

  • occipital lobes

  • frontal lobes

  • parietal lobes

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Frage 38 von 60

1

Where does the ventral stream project to after leaving the primary visual cortex?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • basal forebrain

  • cerebellum

  • temporal lobes

  • parietal lobes

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Frage 39 von 60

1

Charley has visual agnosia and is unable to recognize common, everyday objects. Damage to which component
of the visual system does this condition most likely result from?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • ventral stream

  • feature detectors

  • superior colliculus

  • lateral geniculate nucleus

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Frage 40 von 60

1

Which of the following would you be unable to recognize if you had a condition known as prosopagnosia?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • lines with a 45-degree orientation

  • colours

  • movement

  • faces

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Frage 41 von 60

1

In which of the following lobes would you find that brain damage leads to visual agnosia?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • frontal

  • occipital

  • temporal

  • parietal

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Frage 42 von 60

1

You see a delicious-looking doughnut sitting on the counter in front of you, and you guide your hand toward the
doughnut and pop it into your mouth. What do we call the second visual process for guiding your hand?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Hubel vision

  • conscious vision

  • subcortical vision

  • vision for action

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Frage 43 von 60

1

In the case study of “DF,” a woman experienced brain damage as a result of carbonmonoxide
poisoning and lost the ability to recognize the forms of objects. What type of deficit did “DF” have?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • amnesia

  • failure of vision for action

  • dorsal stream damage

  • agnosia

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Frage 44 von 60

1

Which of the following activities would be difficult for you to do if you sustained damage to your dorsal stream?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • say the name of an item that you see

  • choose colours that match

  • recognize your best friend

  • reach out to pick up a cup

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Frage 45 von 60

1

Deanne can see and recognize objects, but she seems to be unable to reach out and grasp them appropriately.
She often knocks over cups and drops pencils because she doesn’t orient her hand to grip them. If this problem
is related to brain damage to the perceptual system, which of the following areas is most likely to be damaged?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • ventral stream

  • dorsal stream

  • primary visual cortex

  • superior colliculus

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Frage 46 von 60

1

While finger painting, Imran mixed yellow paint and blue paint and ended up with green. Which mixing method
did Imran use?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • subtractive colour mixing

  • trichromatic mixing

  • additive colour mixing

  • multiplicative colour mixing

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Frage 47 von 60

1

If you were to shine lights of different colours onto a surface, so that the lights overlap, what type of colour
mixing are you using?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • subtractive

  • opponent processes

  • additive

  • saturation

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Frage 48 von 60

1

If you project a red, a green, and a blue light into space, what colour will be perceived at the point where the
three lights cross?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • grey

  • ultraviolet

  • black

  • white

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Frage 49 von 60

1

If you mix red, green, and blue paint, what colour will you get?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • orange

  • white

  • purple

  • black

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Frage 50 von 60

1

At the musical he attended over the weekend, Andrew noticed that whenever the red and green spotlights
overlapped, they seemed to change to a yellow spotlight. Which principle explains this perception?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • complex feature detection

  • subtractive colour mixing

  • additive colour mixing

  • opponent processing of colours

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Frage 51 von 60

1

Television sets are able to re-create the entire visible spectrum by mixing three primary colours of light. Which
theory of human colour vision is similar to this mechanism?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • opponent process

  • saturation

  • trichromatic

  • complementary colour

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Frage 52 von 60

1

What differs in the visual perception of a human dichromat and a human trichromat?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • colour vision

  • visual acuity

  • dark and light adaptation

  • peripheral vision

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Frage 53 von 60

1

Hering’s opponent process theory suggests that receptors are linked antagonistically in pairs. What are his
opposed pairs?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • red-yellow; blue-green; black-white

  • yellow-green; red-blue; black-white

  • red-green; yellow-blue; black-white

  • red-black; yellow-white; green-blue

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Frage 54 von 60

1

Eli has been wearing green welding goggles for the past 30 minutes. Based on the opponent process theory of
colour vision, what colour will white objects appear to be for a brief time after Eli takes off the green goggles?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • blue

  • yellow

  • orange

  • red

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Frage 55 von 60

1

According to one theory of colour vision, colours are signalled in pairs by neurons that fire faster to one colour
and slower to another colour. What is this theory called?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • trichromatic theory

  • dichromatic theory

  • opponent process theory

  • complementary colour theory

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Frage 56 von 60

1

Denise was momentarily blinded when paparazzi snapped her picture using a blue flash. Following the flash, she
saw spots for several minutes. What colour were the spots, based on the opponent process theory of colour
vision?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • yellow

  • blue

  • red

  • green

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Frage 57 von 60

1

After having your picture taken with a yellow flash, you momentarily see blue spots floating before your eyes.
Which process best explains this phenomenon?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • additive colour mixing

  • trichromatic theory

  • opponent process theory

  • subtractive colour mixing

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Frage 58 von 60

1

Which theory of colour vision is supported by the action of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Helmholtz’

  • trichromatic

  • opponent process

  • Weber’s

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Frage 59 von 60

1

Which of the following is the best description of the current view of how colour is coded in the visual system?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • It starts as an opponent process and then switches to a trichromatic process.

  • It starts with rods and then switches to cones.

  • It begins with cones and then switches to rods.

  • It begins with a trichromatic process and then switches to an opponent process.

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Frage 60 von 60

1

Three groups of students completed the same test, but each group’s tests had a different coloured cover. Based
on research results by Andrew Elliot and his colleagues, which group should have the lowest average score on
the test?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • the group with black tests

  • the group with red tests

  • the group with green tests

  • the group with white tests

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