Erstellt von Pooja Acharya
vor mehr als 4 Jahre
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Neoplasia
Metaplasia
Pleomorphism
Dysplasia
Carcinoma in situ
Teratoma
Hamartoma
Choristoma
What four classes of normal regulatory genes are the principal targets of cancer-causing mutations?
Oncoproteins
Most commonly mutated proto-oncogene
Most common mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway alteration present in 78-88% of ameloblastomas
MYC mutation
Abnormalities in tumor suppressor genes are characterized by __________-of-function mutations
Restinoblastoma gene (RB)
Knudson "two-hit" hypothesis
Most frequently mutated gene in human cancers
APC
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
Enzyme whose activation causes apoptosis
Follicular lymphoma
Result of translocation of the philadelphia chromosome t(9;22):
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Lynch Syndrome (HNPCC)
Aflatoxin B1
Warburg effect
Neoangiogenesis
8 hallmarks of cancer
Cancer cachexia
Eaton-Lambert syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome
Cushing syndrome
Hypercalcemia
Polycythemia
Loss of function of E-cadherin
mechanism for tumor invasion
tumor viruses
human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)
high risk HPV types
HPV E6
HPV E7
EBV associated cancers
LMP-1
Helobacter pylori and cancer
CA-125
PSA
AFP
CEA
CA19-9
NMYC oncogene amplication
t(8:14)
t(11:22)
IHC: Cytokeratin
Vimentin
Desmin