Distinguish between positive and negative reinforcement and positive and negative punishment.

Reinforcement is increasing behavior

(+) reinforcement - is adding something good to a certain behavior.

*******At work, you exceed this month's sales quota so your boss gives you a bonus. (+) = You get a bonus

(-) reinforcement - is removing something bad to a certain behavior.

******Before heading out for a day at the beach, you slather on sunscreen in order to avoid getting sunburned. (-) = sunburn is being avoided
Punishment - is decreasing behavior.

(+) punishment - adding something bad

*******You wear your favorite baseball cap to class, but are scold by your instructor for violating your school's dress code. (+) = teacher scolding you

(-) punishment - removing something good

*******After getting in a fight with his sister over who gets to play with a new toy, the mother simply takes the toy away. (-) = toy being taken away

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Learning. Sherry Adams