BMS13-1056 - Gastrointestinal Secretions and their Control

In an acinar cell, what is the role of the Na+/K+ pump on the basolateral side of the cell?

What is the tonicity of primary secretion of saliva?

How is saliva modified as it passes down the duct? What is reabsorbed and what is added? What is the final tonicity?

How does flow rate impact the modification of saliva?

What are 3 other components in saliva?

Where is immunoglobulin A made and what does it bind to in an acinar cell?

What are the 4 main functions of saliva?

Which salivary gland has the highest basal flow rate?

Which salivary gland has the highest stimulated flow rate?

How does the proportion of amylase and mucus differ in saliva from the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands?

How does increased PNS affect saliva?

How does increased SNS affect saliva?

What are the three phases of digestion?

Which cell secretes pepsinogen? Where is it located?

Which cell secretes HCl and Intrinsic factor? Where is it located?

What does HCl do?

What does intrinsic factor do?

What is the mechanism of acid secretion?

What reaction does carbonic anhydrase speed up?

How is acid secretion increased?

What are the 4 factors impacting HCl secretion by parietal cells?

What are the three targets of Ach from the vagus nerve to impact acid secretion? What is the primary mechanism?

What are the two targets of SST?

How does gastrin affect stomach secretion?
What increases/inhibits its secretion?

How does CCK affect stomach secretion?
What is its release stimulated by?

How does secretin affect stomach secretion?
What is its release stimulated by?

How does GLP (SI) and GLP-1 (Ileum/colon) affect stomach secretion? What is its released stimulated by?

What do crypt cells secrete in the SI?

What do Brunner's Glands secrete in the SI?

What do enterocytes secrete in the SI?

What must relax for pancreatic/bilary secretions to go through? What causes this to relax?

What are the two components of the pancreatic secretion and which cells secrete them?

What are the two regulators of pancreatic secretion and what do they do?

What is the mechanism of alkaline fluid secretion from the pancreas?

What is the negative feedback loop between acid and HCO3-?

What produces bile? What secretes it?

What does bile initially contain before modifications?

What secondary modifications are made to bile? What stimulates these modifications?

What gut hormone stimulates insulin release?

What gut hormone stimulates insulin, inhibits glucagon and promotes satiety?

What gut hormone promotes satiety?

What gut hormone promotes appetite?

What is the main function of the colon?

What are the three secretions of the colon?

How is K+ secreted from the colon?

What are dysfunctions associated with
1. Saliva
2. Gastric Secretions
3. Pancreatic secretions
4. Bile