What base pairs with Adenine?
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
Uracil
What part of plant cells enable them to photosynthesize?
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Vacuole
Which of these features do only bacteria cells have?
Cell Wall
Flagellum
Cytoplasm
Which 2 scientists constructed the model of the DNA molecule?
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkin
James Watson and Maurice Wilkin
Rosalind Franklin and Francis Crick
James Watson and Francis Crick
Where in a cell are proteins made?
Ribosomes
During the transcription process of Protein Synthesis, adenine is replaced with uracil
what is the name of the stage in protein synthesis where the mRNA is read a codon at a time at the ribosomes?
Transcription
Translation
During protein synthesis what does tNRA bring to the ribosome?
Amino acids
Proteins
Red blood cells
mRNA
A change to an organism's DNA base sequence is know as what?
A mutation
A characteristic
Variation
Genes
mutations can only be harmful
If it's too hot enzymes will die
The optimum temperature for most human enzymes is what?
37 degrees celsius
36 degrees celsius
36.5 degrees celsius
38 degrees celsius
which factors can potentially denature enzymes?
temperature
substrate concentration
light intensity
pH level
which is a positive about the Human Genome Project?
Increased Stress
Accurate Diagnosis
Discrimination from insurers
increase crop yield
which of these are negatives about the Human Genome Project?
People with genetic problems could come under pressure to not have children
doctors know what genes cause what illnesses so we could get better diagnosis'
Employers might discriminate against people who are genetically more likely to get a disease
Life insurance would be hard or expensive to get if you're genetically susceptible to diseases
in genetic engineering what is used to cut genes out of an organism's chromosome?
enzymes
scissors
lasers
bacteria
what is the specific name for enzymes that cut the DNA?
lysozyme enzymes
restriction enzymes
DNA- enzymes
separating enzymes
which of these are benefits of genetic engineering?
Reducing vitamin A deficiency- GE rice called Golden Rice contain genes that create Beta- Carotene which helps with Vitamin A deficiency
Reduces biodiversity
increases crop yield
produce human insulin on a commercial scale
a negative of Genetic Engineered food is that people are concerned we could develop allergies to them
Mitosis results in 2 haploid daughter cells
what does Mitosis create?
2 diploid daughter cells
2 diploid daughter cells that are genetically identical
4 haploid daughter cells that are genetically identical
2 haploid daughter cells
a cell created from mitosis will have 23 pairs of chromosomes
Mitosis is sexual reproduction
a haploid cell has how many chromosomes?
23 pairs
23
46
15
Meiosis has 2 divisions
cells produced from Mitosis are genetically identical
cells produced from meiosis are genetically identical
Is meiosis sexual or asexual reproduction
asexual
sexual
in cloning, when the nucleus of a cell is removed it is...
enucleated
de-nucleated
nucleised
remonucleated
what is given to the cell during cloning in order to stimulate it and make it divide
an electric shock
Heat radiation
ultra-sonic vibrations
a prod
cloning could provide organs for organ transplants
cloning could help endangered species
if clones were exposed to a new disease, the entire population could be wiped out
there are only embryonic stem cells
where can adult stem cells be found
muscle tissue
bone marrow
skin
saliva
the process of a stem cell becoming specialised is known as what?
differentiation
specialisation
specification
differing
Embryonic stem cells are
multi-potent
pluri-potent
adult stem cells are
Cytosine pairs with Thymine
when 2 gametes join they become a zygote
