ASTR Review for Final #1 (All 5 Quizzes)

Frage 1 von 120

1

Which kind of light travels fastest in a vacuum?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

X-Rays.
Gamma Rays.
Radio waves.
Infrared.
They all travel at the same speed.

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 120

1

What kind of light has wavelengths between those of ultraviolet light and those of gamma waves?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Infrared.
Microwaves.
Radio waves.
X-rays.
Visible light.

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 120

1

How long does it take light from the Sun to reach us?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

63,2000 years.
4.3 years.
8.3 minutes.
8.3 seconds.
4.3 seconds.

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 120

1

The mass of a positron is the same as that of:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

a neutron.
an electron.
a proton.
a neutrino.
a photon.

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 120

1

In the second step of the proton-proton chain sequence of nuclear reactions occuring in the core of the Sun, a 2H nucleus and a 1H nucleus react. What is produced?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A 3^H nucleus.
A 3^He nucleus.
Three 1^H nuclei.
A 3^Li nucleus.
Only energy; they annilihate each other.

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 120

1

Which of the following processes in an atom is called 'excitation'?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

when an atom loses an electron.
when an atom fuses with another atom.
when the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more parts.
when an atom gains a neutron.
when an electron in an atom gains energy and jumps to a higher energy level.

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 120

1

32 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

0 degrees Kelvin.
-273 degrees Kelvin.
-273 degrees Celsius.
273 degrees Celsius.
273 degrees Kelvin.

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 120

1

In equation form, the inverse square law of light states:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

luminosity is proportional to T^4.
brightness is proportional to 1/D^2.
lambda(max) is proportional to 1/T.
parallax is proportional to 1/D.
luminosity is proportional to radius^2.

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 120

1

Which portion of the Sun covers the largest total volume, in kilometers^3?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

the corona.
the convective zone.
the radiative zone.
the chromosphere.
the photosphere.

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 120

1

As the frequency of light increases:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

the wavelength increases and the energy decreases.
the wavelength decreases and the energy decreases.
the wavelength increases and the energy increases.
the wavelength decreases and the energy increases.
the wavelength increases and the energy remains the same.

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 120

1

When viewed carefully in visible light through a solar telescope, the Sun appears `speckled', with small (about 1000 km wide) variations in brightness covering the whole photosphere. These 'speckles' are the tops of convective cells. These features are called:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Granules.
Cosmological spots.
Isotopes.
Wien's spots.
Sunspots.

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 120

1

The peak of the spectrum of the photosphere of Betelgeuse lies in the:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

ultraviolet.
infrared.
visible.
X-ray.
radio.

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 120

1

What is a watt?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A unit of distance.
A unit of energy.
A unit of energy/time.
A unit of angle.
A sub-atomic particle.

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 120

1

How are the distances to the nearest stars determined?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

From their Doppler shift.
From their parallax.
From Wien's Law.
By detecting neutrinos from them.
Using Convection.

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 120

1

A hot solid (like a burner on a stove) produces:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

a continuous spectrum.
an emission line spectrum.
an absorption line spectrum.
light at a single wavelength.
light at only a few specific wavelengths.

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 120

1

Deuterium is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Anti-matter.
Hydrogen.
Helium.
Positrons.
Particles of light.

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 120

1

A parsec is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

1/3600 of a degree.
3.26 light years.
8.3 light minutes.
The distance from the Earth to the Sun.
The distance from the Earth to the Moon.

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 120

1

The strong force is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

the force that keeps electrons bound to their atoms.
another name for the gravitational force.
the force that is involved whenever an atom is ionized.
the force that keeps the nuclei of atoms together.
the force that keeps the Earth in orbit around the Sun.

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 120

1

Kinetic energy is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

energy carried by light.
energy produced when an electron and a positron collide.
energy of motion.
energy stored for future use.
all of the above.

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 120

1

Why does it take so long for the energy produced in the core of the Sun to make its way out of the Sun?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

The convective cells in the convective layer move very slowly, transporting the energy very slowly.
The speed of light is very low in the interior of the Sun because of the strong gravity.
Photons do not travel very far without being absorbed, and when they are re-emitted, it is in a random direction.
Millions of small black holes throughout the Sun trap the energy.
The nuclear reactions in the core produce mostly radio waves, which travel very slowly.

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 120

1

A tenth magnitude star is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

2.5 times fainter than an eleventh magnitude star.
2.5 times brighter than an eleventh magnitude star.
ten times fainter than an eleventh magnitude star.
ten times brighter than an eleventh magnitude star.
100 times brighter than an eleventh magnitude star.

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 120

1

Luminosity Class III stars are classified as:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Supergiant stars.
White dwarf stars.
Main sequence stars.
Giant stars.
Either giant or supergiant, depending upon the spectral class.

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 120

1

Which of the following spectral types of stars has the hottest photospheric temperature?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A.
B.
F.
K.
O.

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 120

1

Which of the following spectral types of stars has the strongest lines from ionized helium?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A.
K.
G.
M.
O.

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 120

1

What is Henry Norris Russell known for?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Pioneering the use of plots of luminosity vs. temperature for stars.
Re-organizing the spectral sequence ABCDEF... to the sequence used today.
Determining that the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass.
Determining that the gravitational force between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance apart.
Determining that stars are made up of mostly hydrogen and helium.

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 120

1

Spectral type A stars:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

have very strong spectral lines of Titanium Oxide (TiO).
have very low B-V values (-0.3), compared to most stars.
have stronger hydrogen lines than all other types of stars.
have stronger lines of ionized helium than all other types of stars.
have surface temperatures of about 30,000K.

Erklärung

Frage 27 von 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a main sequence star?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A M2V star.
A M5I star.
A B2V star.
The Sun.
A star fusing hydrogen to helium in its core.

Erklärung

Frage 28 von 120

1

If a star is too far away to get its distance via stellar parallax, what is another method that can sometimes be used?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Measure its proper motion.
Measure its Doppler shift.
Spectroscopic parallax.
Use Wien's Law.
Search for sunspots on the star.

Erklärung

Frage 29 von 120

1

Solar maximum occurs approximately every:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

5 minutes.
25 hours.
11 years.
250 years.
25,000 years.

Erklärung

Frage 30 von 120

1

The magnetic polarity of the Sun switches approximately every:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

5-10 minutes.
1 - 100 days.
6 months.
11 years.
26,000 years.

Erklärung

Frage 31 von 120

1

Newton's Second Law, in mathematical form, states:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

F = MA.
lambda(max) is proportional to 1/T.
the angular size is inversely proportional to the distance.
Fv1 = Fv2.
p is proportional to 1/D

Erklärung

Frage 32 von 120

1

When the Moon moves directly in front of the Sun, but the Moon's angular size is too small to completely block the photosphere of the Sun, the eclipse that is produced is called:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A lunar eclipse.
A coronal eclipse.
A spicular eclipse.
A magnetodynamical eclipse.
An annular eclipse.

Erklärung

Frage 33 von 120

1

The Earth is 81 times more massive than the Moon. How does the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon compare with the gravitational force on the Moon due to the Earth?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is 81 times smaller.
the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is 812 = 6561 times smaller.
the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is square root of 81 = 9 times smaller.
the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is 81 times larger.
the two forces are the same.

Erklärung

Frage 34 von 120

1

An astronaut on the International Space Station orbiting Earth:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

has a mass of 0 kg.
has a constant velocity.
is not accelerating.
is constantly accelerating.
has a mass equal to 1/6th of his/her mass on Earth.

Erklärung

Frage 35 von 120

1

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation can be written mathematically as:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

F = GMv1Mv2/R^2
F = GMv1/Mv2R^2
F = GMv1Mv2/R
F = GMv1Mv2R^2
F = Mv1Mv2/GR^2

Erklärung

Frage 36 von 120

1

Gas in which component of the Sun has a typical temperature of about a million degrees Kelvin?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

The core.
The photosphere.
Sunspots.
The chromosphere.
The corona.

Erklärung

Frage 37 von 120

1

How long does an individual sunspot last?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

5 - 10 minutes.
1 - 100 days.
11 years.
22 years.
more than four hundred years. We still see the same sunspots that Galileo saw.

Erklärung

Frage 38 von 120

1

Which of the following stars has the highest B - V?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A main sequence O star.
A white dwarf.
The Sun.
An A2V star.
Betelgeuse.

Erklärung

Frage 39 von 120

1

Which type of star has temperatures between M stars and G stars?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

F.
A.
B.
O.
K.

Erklärung

Frage 40 von 120

1

Which type of star has the largest radius?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

G2V.
M2I.
M2III.
M2V.
K2V.

Erklärung

Frage 41 von 120

1

A white dwarf is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

the burnt-out core of a star like the Sun, after the outer layers of the star have blown off and dispersed into interstellar space.
a main sequence M star.
an object with a mass between 0.08 and 0.013 solar masses, that never became a star.
an extrasolar planet.
another name for a brown dwarf.

Erklärung

Frage 42 von 120

1

The Pleiades open cluster contains many B stars. Blue glowing nebulae surround the stars in this cluster. These are called:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

HII Regions.
Reflection Nebulae.
Supernova Remnants.
Planetary Nebulae.
Protostars.

Erklärung

Frage 43 von 120

1

The Pisgah Radio Telescope detects a strong 21 cm emission line from interstellar gas clouds. What produces this line?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Atomic hydrogen gas.
Molecular hydrogen.
Carbon monoxide.
interstellar dust.
Ionized helium.

Erklärung

Frage 44 von 120

1

Planetary nebulae are a type of interstellar cloud. What type?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Molecular clouds.
Ionized clouds.
Atomic hydrogen clouds.
The remnants of the explosions of supernovae.
Dark clouds.

Erklärung

Frage 45 von 120

1

The light curve of a star is a plot of what property of the star vs. time?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

proper motion vs. time.
position vs. time.
velocity vs. time.
brightness vs. time.
angular size vs. time.

Erklärung

Frage 46 von 120

1

The thermal spectrum (blackbody spectrum) of an interstellar dust grain peaks:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

in the ultraviolet.
in the far-infrared.
in the middle of the visible range.
in the X-ray.
at 21 cm.

Erklärung

Frage 47 von 120

1

The strong red emission line from hydrogen called the H-alpha line is strongest from what kind of interstellar clouds?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

molecular clouds.
HI clouds.
HII regions.
dark clouds.
reflection nebulae.

Erklärung

Frage 48 von 120

1

When two stars in a binary system are both clearly seen from Earth as individual stars, and their orbital motion can be measured to confirm that they are gravitationally bound together, the pair is called a/an:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Astrometric binary.
Visual binary.
Spectroscopic binary.
Optical double.
Eclipsing binary.

Erklärung

Frage 49 von 120

1

What happens to the observed color of a star when it is behind an interstellar cloud?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

It appears bluer than it really is.
It appears redder than it really is.
Its color does not change; it gets dimmer the same amount at all wavelengths.
The optical color doesn't change, but all of the IR light from the star is absorbed by the cloud.
The red and blue light gets dimmed similar amounts, while the yellow light is not affected by the cloud.

Erklärung

Frage 50 von 120

1

Which of the following kinds of interstellar clouds are the hottest?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

HII regions.
Molecular clouds.
Atomic clouds.
Reflection nebulae.
Dark clouds.

Erklärung

Frage 51 von 120

1

Which type of main sequence star has the lowest mass?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A stars.
B stars.
F stars.
G stars.
M stars.

Erklärung

Frage 52 von 120

1

In class, we did a demonstration in which a person sat on a stool and spun around. When he pulled in his arms, he spun faster. The reason this happens is because of:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

mass conservation.
energy conservation.
linear momentum conservation.
angular momentum conservation.
the center of mass relation.

Erklärung

Frage 53 von 120

1

What is the best type of telescope to use if you want to discover previously-unknown protostars?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

X-ray.
Ultraviolet.
Visible light.
Infrared.
Gamma ray.

Erklärung

Frage 54 von 120

1

The star Algol in Perseus (`The Ghoul' or `The Demon Star') was well-known to ancient astronomers, because of its peculiar nature. What unusual observational effect did ancient astronomers notice about this star?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

its large proper motion.
its large parallax.
a regular back-and-forth motion on the sky, indicating a companion.
every few days, it gets much brighter for a short period.
every few days, it gets much dimmer for a short period.

Erklärung

Frage 55 von 120

1

What is the difference between a planet like Jupiter and a brown dwarf?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

there is no difference: Jupiter is an example of a brown dwarf.
a brown dwarf is the burned-out core of a star that has run out of nuclear fuel.
a brown dwarf is a low luminosity main sequence star.
a brown dwarf may have 1H fusion going on in its core; Jupiter does not.
a brown dwarf may have 2H fusion going on in its core; Jupiter does not.

Erklärung

Frage 56 von 120

1

The dark cloud shaped like a horse's head, that is known as the Horsehead Nebula, is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A reflection nebula.
An HI cloud.
A molecular cloud.
An HII region.
An ionized gas cloud.

Erklärung

Frage 57 von 120

1

Compared to an unobscured GV star, a GV star that lies behind an interstellar cloud will appear:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

more redshifted.
bluer.
redder.
hotter.
more luminous.

Erklärung

Frage 58 von 120

1

What luminosity class stars approximately obey the mass-luminosity relation described by the formula luminosity is proportional to mass to the fourth power?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.

Erklärung

Frage 59 von 120

1

Millimeter (microwave) telescopes detect the 2.6 millimeter emission lines from dense interstellar gas clouds. What produces this line?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Atomic hydrogen gas.
Molecular hydrogen.
Carbon monoxide.
interstellar dust.
Ionized helium.

Erklärung

Frage 60 von 120

1

When an interstellar cloud gravitationally collapses to form a protostar, what happens to the temperature of the gas in the core of the cloud?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

it remains constant until nuclear fusion starts, then it increases.
the temperature of the gas in the core decreases as the cloud collapses until nuclear fusion starts, then it increases.
the temperature of the gas in the core increases as the cloud collapses, even before nuclear fusion starts, then it increases further.
the temperature of the gas in the core decreases as the cloud collapses until nuclear fusion starts, then it decreases further as fusion cools the core down.
no protostars have ever been found, so scientists have no idea what happens.

Erklärung

Frage 61 von 120

1

In high mass main sequence stars, hydrogen is fusing to helium in the core. What is name of the main set of reactions by which this process occurs?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

The proton-proton chain.
The CNO cycle.
The triple alpha process.
The brown dwarf process.
The asymptotic giant branch process.

Erklärung

Frage 62 von 120

1

If a white dwarf in a mass transfer binary system exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit, it becomes:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A nova.
A Type I supernova (a carbon-detonation supernova).
A Type II supernova (a core-collapse supernova).
A planetary nebula.
A black hole.

Erklärung

Frage 63 von 120

1

Who discovered the first pulsar?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Annie Jump Cannon.
Henry Norris Russell.
Jocelyn Bell.
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin.
Ejnar Hertzsprung.

Erklärung

Frage 64 von 120

1

Three solar masses is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

The upper mass limit to the mass of a neutron star.
The upper mass limit to the mass of a white dwarf.
The upper mass limit to the mass of a brown dwarf.
The approximate mass of a main sequence M star.
The approximate mass of a main sequence O star.

Erklärung

Frage 65 von 120

1

Which of the following objects is closest in diameter to the Earth?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A main sequence M star.
A main sequence O star.
A neutron star.
A white dwarf.
Betelgeuse.

Erklärung

Frage 66 von 120

1

The very regular `pulses' of radio light we see from some neutron stars are due to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

the star pulsating in size.
a companion dumping gas onto the neutron star, causing flare-ups of nuclear reactions.
a companion periodically eclipsing the neutron star.
as the pulsar spins, a beam of light from the magnetic poles of the neutron star sweeps across the Earth.
an extragalactic civilization.

Erklärung

Frage 67 von 120

1

When a 1 solar mass star leaves the main sequence and moves up the red giant branch of the H-R diagram for the first time, what is occuring in the interior of the star?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

no nuclear reactions are occuring anywhere in its interior.
hydrogen fusion in the core.
helium fusion in the core.
carbon fusion in the core.
no reactions in the core; hydrogen fusion in a shell surrounding the core.

Erklärung

Frage 68 von 120

1

Why doesn't a white dwarf contract under the force of its own gravity?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Because carbon fusion is occuring in its core.
Because the CNO process is occuring in its core.
Because the triple alpha process is occuring in its core.
it is held up against gravity by electron degeneracy pressure.
it is held up against gravity by neutron degeneracy pressure.

Erklärung

Frage 69 von 120

1

Which of the following statements is true about the lifetimes of main sequence stars?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Lower luminosity main sequence stars live longer than higher luminosity main sequence stars.
Main sequence A stars live longer than main sequence K stars.
Hot main sequence stars live longer than cool main sequence stars.
The greater the mass of a star, the longer its main sequence lifetime.
All main sequence A stars ever formed are still main sequence A stars.

Erklärung

Frage 70 von 120

1

Approximately how many years from now will the Sun runs out of hydrogen in its core?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

1 million years.
5 million years.
5 billion years.
5 trillion years.
five hundred trillion years.

Erklärung

Frage 71 von 120

1

A particular star cluster is observed to have a full main sequence, extending from MV stars to OV stars. Approximately how old is this cluster?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Less than a few million years old.
100 million years old.
1 billion years old.
10 billion years old.
1 trillion years old.

Erklärung

Frage 72 von 120

1

Iron is produced:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

In the core of main sequence stars.
In the cores of red giant stars.
In white dwarf stars.
In the last stages of life of a 1 solar mass star.
In the cores of massive stars, just before a supernova.

Erklärung

Frage 73 von 120

1

What is the heaviest chemical element that will ever be created in large amounts in the core of the Sun?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Iron.
Uranium.
Silicon.
Titanium.
Carbon.

Erklärung

Frage 74 von 120

1

From lowest mass to highest mass, what is the correct order of the following objects or types of objects?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Neutron stars, brown dwarfs, MV stars, the Sun.
Brown dwarfs, MV stars, the Sun, Neutron stars.
Brown dwarfs, neutron stars, MV stars, the Sun.
The Sun, brown dwarfs, neutron stars, MV stars.
Brown dwarfs, the Sun, neutron stars, MV stars.

Erklärung

Frage 75 von 120

1

The triple alpha process is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Another name for the proton-proton chain.
The process that produces uranium and other high mass elements.
When three helium-4 nuclei fuse to form carbon.
The formation of neutrons out of protons and electrons.
When three stars combine to form a more massive star.

Erklärung

Frage 76 von 120

1

Synchrotron radiation is produced by:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

a hot sold object, like the filament in a light bulb.
electrons in atoms jumping from lower energy levels to higher energy levels.
electrons in atoms jumping from higher energy levels to lower energy levels.
only supernova.
accelerated charged particles.

Erklärung

Frage 77 von 120

1

Which of the following chemical elements is only produced during a supernova explosion?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Plutonium.
Silicon.
Iron.
Magnesium.
Oxygen.

Erklärung

Frage 78 von 120

1

Which of the following stars will likely eventually explode as a supernova?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

The Sun.
The MV star Proxima Cen.
Betelgeuse.
A 0.5 solar mass AGB star.
All of the above.

Erklärung

Frage 79 von 120

1

Over the course of its lifetime, the Sun will go through all of the following stages except one. Which is the exception?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

white dwarf.
AGB star.
neutron star.
horizontal branch star.
red giant.

Erklärung

Frage 80 von 120

1

Approximately how frequently does a supernova occur in the Milky Way Galaxy?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

once every million years.
once every 200 years.
once per year.
about 100 supernova occur in the Milky Way per year.
about a million supernova occur in the Milky Way per year.

Erklärung

Frage 81 von 120

1

On the Hubble Tuning Fork diagram, galaxies that sit between the ellipticals and the spiral galaxies are called:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Irregular galaxies.
S0 galaxies.
Sc galaxies.
Sb galaxies.
SBd galaxies.

Erklärung

Frage 82 von 120

1

Most of the following types of objects are mainly found in the disk of the Milky Way. Which of the following is the exception, also being seen regularly in the bulge and halo?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

open clusters.
HII regions.
SN Type II.
O and B main sequence stars.
planetary nebulae.

Erklärung

Frage 83 von 120

1

What is the mass of a photon of light?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

1/2000th the mass of a proton.
1/2000th the mass of an electron.
It depends upon the wavelength: the longer the wavelength, the larger the mass.
It depends upon the wavelength: the longer the wavelength, the smaller the mass.
Zero.

Erklärung

Frage 84 von 120

1

The Schwarzchild Radius is defined as:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

The radius of the stellar disk of the Milky Way.
The point between two stars in a binary star system such that the gravitational force from the two stars is equal.
The maximum possible radius of a white dwarf.
The maximum possible radius of a neutron star.
The radius of the event horizon of a black hole.

Erklärung

Frage 85 von 120

1

What is the main difference between E0 and E7 galaxies?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

E0 galaxies are much larger, in physical diameter.
E7 galaxies are flatter in appearance, while E0 galaxies are round.
E7 galaxies have spiral arms; E0 galaxies do not.
E0 galaxies have bars in the center; E7 galaxies do not.
E0 galaxies have tightly wrapped spiral arms; E7 galaxies have loosely wrapped spiral arms.

Erklärung

Frage 86 von 120

1

An SBc galaxy:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

has a large bulge and tightly wrapped spiral arms.
has a large bulge and loosely wrapped spiral arms.
has a large bulge and a bar.
has a small bulge and a bar.
is a spheroidal ball of stars which is approximately round in appearance on the sky.

Erklärung

Frage 87 von 120

1

Who was the first person to classify spiral and elliptical galaxies into sub-types according to their appearance?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Edwin Hubble.
Henrietta Leavitt.
Harlow Shapley.
William Herschel.
Robert Trumpler.

Erklärung

Frage 88 von 120

1

Who was the first person to conclude that the Sun is NOT in the center of the Milky Way?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Henrietta Leavitt.
Harlow Shapley.
Edwin Hubble.
William Herschel.
Robert Trumpler.

Erklärung

Frage 89 von 120

1

Henrietta Leavitt discovered:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Diffuse interstellar dust in the Milky Way.
Sagittarius A*.
The Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation.
Cepheid Variables in the Andromeda Galaxy.
The first pulsar.

Erklärung

Frage 90 von 120

1

On the H-R Diagram, Cepheid Variables sit:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

On the bottom of the Main Sequence.
On the top of the Main Sequence.
Below and to the left of the Main Sequence.
On the far right: they are M stars.
Near the middle of the diagram, above the Main Sequence.

Erklärung

Frage 91 von 120

1

In the Milky Way, most of the interstellar gas is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

In the spiral arms.
In the bulge.
In the halo.
In the disk.
Evenly spread between the bulge, the disk, and the halo.

Erklärung

Frage 92 von 120

1

What object lies in the center of the Milky Way galaxy?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Cygnus X-1.
delta Cephei.
The Sun.
Sirius.
Sagittarius A*.

Erklärung

Frage 93 von 120

1

The first conclusive evidence that light is affected by gravity was obtained:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

About three years ago, at the CERN laboratory in Switzerland.
In 1919, during a total solar eclipse.
In the 1960's, with a radio telescope.
About 10 years ago, with the Hubble Telescope.
No evidence has been found yet; it has just been theorized.

Erklärung

Frage 94 von 120

1

In the Milky Way, open clusters are found:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Mainly in the disk.
Mainly in the bulge.
Mainly in the halo.
Evenly spread in the disk, bulge, and halo.
In both the bulge and halo, but usually not the disk.

Erklärung

Frage 95 von 120

1

William Herschel:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Discovered Cepheid variables in the Andromeda Galaxy.
Discovered the Period-Luminosity relation for Cepheid variable stars.
Made the first 3-dimensional map of the Milky Way.
Classified galaxies according to the bulge/disk ratio and the tightness of wrapping of the spiral arms.
Was the first person to conclude that the Sun is not in the center of the Milky Way.

Erklärung

Frage 96 von 120

1

By tradition, plots of the circular orbital velocities of stars and gas in the disks of spiral galaxies vs. the distance from the center are called:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Spin diagrams.
Hubble diagrams.
Rotation curves.
Light curves.
Tidal diagrams.

Erklärung

Frage 97 von 120

1

RR Lyrae stars are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Brown dwarfs.
White dwarfs.
Variable stars.
Eclipsing binary stars.
Protostars.

Erklärung

Frage 98 von 120

1

What did Friedrich Bessel detect for the first time in 1838?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Brown dwarfs.
Cepheid variables in the Andromeda Galaxy.
An eclipsing binary star.
A pulsar.
Stellar parallax.

Erklärung

Frage 99 von 120

1

Cygnus X-1 is most likely:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

An eclipsing binary star.
A Cepheid variable star.
A neutron star.
A black hole.
An RR Lyrae star.

Erklärung

Frage 100 von 120

1

A black hole with the same mass as Jupiter has an event horizon with a radius of about 3 meters. The Sun has a mass about 1000 times that of Jupiter. Therefore, the radius of the event horizon of a 1 solar mass black hole is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

3 kilometers.
3 centimeters.
3^3 = 27 meters.
3 million meters = 3000 kilometers.
1/3 meter.

Erklärung

Frage 101 von 120

1

What is the second-to-top step on the Cosmological Distance Ladder?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Hubble's Law.
Supernovae Type I.
Cepheid Variables.
Spectroscopic Parallax.
Stellar Parallax.

Erklärung

Frage 102 von 120

1

The Local Group is in the center of:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

The Coma Cluster.
The Great Wall.
The Virgo Cluster.
The Local Supercluster.
None of the above.

Erklärung

Frage 103 von 120

1

The Magellanic Clouds are in the:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Virgo Cluster.
The Great Wall.
The Coma Cluster.
The Local Group.
The Milky Way.

Erklärung

Frage 104 von 120

1

Double-Lobed Radio Galaxies are mostly:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Giant Elliptical galaxies.
Spiral galaxies.
Barred spiral galaxies.
Both barred and unbarred spiral galaxies.
Irregular galaxies.

Erklärung

Frage 105 von 120

1

Quasars are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Only found in the Milky Way.
Only found in the Local Group.
Only found in the Local Supercluster.
Similar in luminosity to Sagittarius A*.
Less frequent in the present than in the past.

Erklärung

Frage 106 von 120

1

The Sun was first detected in the radio by:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Karl Jansky.
Edwin Hubble.
Jocelyn Bell.
Allan Sandage.
Radar operators in World War II.

Erklärung

Frage 107 von 120

1

Hubble's constant is approximately 75 (km/s)/Mpc. If a galaxy is moving away from us at a speed of 7500 km/s, what is its approximate distance?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

7500 X 75 = 562,500 Mpc.
75/7500 = 0.01 Mpc.
7500 / 75 = 100 Mpc.
7500 X 75 X 75 = 42,188,000 Mpc
7500 / 752 = 1.33 Mpc.

Erklärung

Frage 108 von 120

1

Hubble's Law is a useful way to determine astronomical distances, but only for some objects. For which of these objects would it work to get an approximate distance?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A globular cluster in the halo of the Milky Way.
The stars in the belt of Orion.
Sagittarius A*.
The Andromeda Galaxy.
The Great Wall.

Erklärung

Frage 109 von 120

1

The emission lines seen in the optical spectra of quasars were initially unidentified. Who first identified these lines, and showed that they are just lines of ordinary elements, but very redshifted?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Edwin Hubble.
Jocelyn Bell.
Maarten Schmidt.
Harlow Shapley.
Allan Sandage.

Erklärung

Frage 110 von 120

1

The Cartwheel galaxy is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

a giant elliptical galaxy in the center of the Coma cluster.
a spiral galaxy very similar to the Milky Way.
a dwarf irregular galaxy in orbit around the Milky Way.
a ring galaxy.
a dwarf elliptical galaxy in the Local Group.

Erklärung

Frage 111 von 120

1

A Universe that will collapse back upon itself in a `Big Crunch' is called a/an:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Flat Universe.
Closed Universe.
Open Universe.
Infinite Universe.
Universe with a density equal to the the critical density.

Erklärung

Frage 112 von 120

1

The Cosmological Constant was initially introduced into the equations governing the evolution of the Universe by:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Edwin Hubble.
Henrietta Leavitt.
Harlow Shapley.
Albert Einstein.
Allan Sandage.

Erklärung

Frage 113 von 120

1

Which of the following objects is the most luminous?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A quasar.
A Cepheid variable star.
Sagittarius A*.
The nucleus of a Seyfert galaxy.
A pulsar.

Erklärung

Frage 114 von 120

1

The Zone of Avoidance is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

A large spherical 'void' containing very few galaxies, as seen in 'slice of the Universe' plots.
The large volume of nearby space which does not contain any quasars.
The plane of the Milky Way, whose dust blocks light from distant galaxies.
All parts of the Universe outside of the Local Supercluster.
Parts of the Universe too far away for us to see, since light has not had time yet to reach us.

Erklärung

Frage 115 von 120

1

Observations of Supernovae Type I in very distant galaxies provided the first evidence for:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Dark Energy.
Dark Matter.
A closed Universe.
The theory that the Universe will end in a `Big Crunch'.
The Great Wall.

Erklärung

Frage 116 von 120

1

16. The diagram to the right is a plot of time (on the x axis) vs. the distance between any two galaxies in the Universe (on the y axis) for three different Universes: Universe A, Universe B, and Universe C. Which of the three Universes in the above diagram has the highest density of matter?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Universe A.
Universe B.
Universe C.
Universe A and B are the same.
All three Universes are the same.

Erklärung

Frage 117 von 120

1

What is the top step on the Cosmological Distance Ladder?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Hubble's Law.
Supernovae Type I.
Cepheid Variables.
Spectroscopic Parallax.
Stellar Parallax.

Erklärung

Frage 118 von 120

1

The difference between a double-lobed radio galaxy and a core-halo radio galaxy is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Double-lobed radio galaxies are ellipticals; core-halo radio galaxies are spirals.
Double-lobed radio galaxies are spirals; core-halo radio galaxies are ellipticals.
Double-lobed radio galaxies are much more luminous than core-halo radio galaxies.
Double-lobed radio galaxies are much less luminous than core-halo radio galaxies.
The difference is just due to our viewing location; physically, they are the same kind of objects.

Erklärung

Frage 119 von 120

1

The Great Wall is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Another name for the Local Supercluster.
A large 'wall' of galaxies centered on the Local Group.
A large `wall' of galaxies about 100 Mpc away, containing the Coma cluster.
The part of the Universe hidden in visible light by the dust in the plane of the Milky Way.
The group of galaxies we live in.

Erklärung

Frage 120 von 120

1

What kind of galaxies are NOT found in the Local Group, but ARE seen in the Virgo Cluster?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

dwarf ellipticals.
giant ellipticals.
spiral galaxies.
irregular galaxies.
all of the above are seen in both the Local Group and the Virgo Cluster.

	Erstellt von Taylor Campbell vor mehr als 9 Jahre

Quiz am ASTR Review for Final #1 (All 5 Quizzes), erstellt von Taylor Campbell am 24/04/2015.

ASTR Review for Final #1 (All 5 Quizzes)

Frage 1 von 120

Which kind of light travels fastest in a vacuum?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 120

What kind of light has wavelengths between those of ultraviolet light and those of gamma waves?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 120

How long does it take light from the Sun to reach us?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 120

The mass of a positron is the same as that of:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 120

In the second step of the proton-proton chain sequence of nuclear reactions occuring in the core of the Sun, a 2H nucleus and a 1H nucleus react. What is produced?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 120

Which of the following processes in an atom is called 'excitation'?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 120

32 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 120

In equation form, the inverse square law of light states:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 120

Which portion of the Sun covers the largest total volume, in kilometers^3?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 120

As the frequency of light increases:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 120

When viewed carefully in visible light through a solar telescope, the Sun appears `speckled', with small (about 1000 km wide) variations in brightness covering the whole photosphere. These 'speckles' are the tops of convective cells. These features are called:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 120

The peak of the spectrum of the photosphere of Betelgeuse lies in the:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 120

What is a watt?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 120

How are the distances to the nearest stars determined?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 120

A hot solid (like a burner on a stove) produces:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 120

Deuterium is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 120

A parsec is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 120

The strong force is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 120

Kinetic energy is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 120

Why does it take so long for the energy produced in the core of the Sun to make its way out of the Sun?