Temporary hard water contains . . . . ions, these decompose to form carbonate ions.
hydrogen
Carbon
Magnesium
Hydrogencarbonate
Calcium
Permanent hard water can be made soft by:
Ion exchange tower
Adding sodium carbonate
Mixing it with lather
Boiling it
Water filters contain . . ., . . ., and (. . . exchange resins) can improve the taste of the water. (only last unknown applies to the exchange resins.)
Silver
Water
Boron
Ion
In the equation Q = mc ΔT. What does the m stand for?
Mass of liquid heated
Specific head capacity of the liquid
Energy transferred
Number of moles
In the equation Q = mc ΔT. What does the c stand for?
Final temperature
Specific heat capacity of the liquid
Change in time
What provides a different pathway for a chemical reaction that has a lower activation energy?
Carbonates
Increase in pressure
Increase in temperature
Catalysts
Aluminium, Calcium and Magnesium react with what to from a white precipitate?
Carbon hydroxide solution
Silver nitrate solution
Sodium hydroxide solution
barium hydroxide solution
What is the ONLY precipitate that dissolves in excess sodium hydroxide solution
Calcium hydroxide
Aluminium hydroxide
Copper hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide
Titanium hydroxide
Carbonates react with what to form CO2.
Weak acids
Weak alkaline
Strong acids
Strong alkaline
Halide Ions + what + what makes precipitates (of varying colours)
Barium Nitrate Solution
Strong Acid
Nickel catalyst
Weak Acid
Oxygen
Methanol, Ethanol and Propanol dissolve in water to form a solution that is . . .
Strongly Acidic
Neutral
Strongly alkaline
Weakly acidic
weakly alkaline
Methanol, Ethanol and Propanol also react with . . . . to produce . . . . gas.
CO2
Ethanoic acid
Potassium
Sodium
Hydrogen
Iron (II)
Ethanol is oxidised to
Ethanoic Acid
Ethyl ethanoate
Ethene
Methane
Alcohol
Ethanoic acid is the main acid in . . .
Hydrochloric Acid
Citric Acid
Vinegar
Lemon Juice
Car Batteries
Carboxylic Acids dissolve in water to produce . . . . solutions
Alkaline
Acidic
Non-existent
Carboxylic Acids react with carbonates to produce . . .
Carbonates of the Carboxylic variety
Acids
Carboxylic Acids react with alcohols in the presence of a(n) . . . . catalyst to produce . . . .
Alcohols
Iron
Acid
Ethanoates
An acid with the functional group -COOH
Nickel
Volatile acids of which Ethyl Ethanoate is an example
Platinum
Carboxylic acids do not ionise completely when dissolved in water.
What is the general formula for making esters?
Methanoic acid + ethanol ⇌ methyl ethanoate + CO2
alcohol + oxygen ⇌ ester + CO2
carboxylic acid + alcohol ⇌ ester + water
Carboxylic acid + water ⇌ ester + alcohol