Which of the following is true concerning observation?
It takes less time than self-report approaches
It costs less money than questionnaire approaches
It is often not possible to determine exactly why the people behave as they do
All of the above
Qualitative observation is usually done for exploratory purposes; it is also called ___________ observation.
Structured
Naturalistic
Complete
Probative
The type of interview in which the specific topics are decided in advance but the sequence and wording can be modified during the interview is called:
The interview guide approach
Unstructured conversational interview
A closed quantitative interview
The standardised open-ended interview
The researcher has secretly placed him or herself (as a member) in the group that is being studied. This researcher may be which of the following?
A covert observer- participant
An observer-as-participant
A participant-as-observer
None of the above
Which type of interview allows the questions to emerge from the immediate context or course of things?
Interview guide approach
Closed quantitative interview
Standardised open-ended interview
When conducting an focus group, asking "Anything else?, What do you mean?, Why do you feel that way?," etc, are all forms of:
Contingency questions
Probes
Protocols
Response categories
What is the problem(s) with this set of response categories to the question “What is your current age?” 1-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40
The categories are not mutually exclusive
The categories are not exhaustive
Both a and b are problems
There is no problem with the above set of response categories
Questionnaires can address events and characteristics taking place when?
Retrospectively
Currently
Prospectively
Which of the following are principles of questionnaire construction?
Consider using multiple methods when measuring abstract constructs
Use multiple items to measure abstract constructs
Avoid double-barreled questions
Which of the following terms best describes data that were originally collected at an earlier time by a different person for a different purpose?
Primary data
Secondary data
Experimental data
Field notes
Researchers use both open-ended and closed-ended questions to collect data. Which of the following statements is true?
Open-ended questions directly provide quantitative data based on the researcher’s predetermined response categories
Closed-ended questions provide quantitative data in the participant’s own words
Open-ended questions provide qualitative data in the participant’s own words
Closed-ended questions directly provide qualitative data in the participants’ own words
Open-ended questions provide primarily ______ data.
Confirmatory data
Qualitative data
Predictive data
Another name for a Likert Scale is a(n):
Interview protocol
Event sampling
Summated rating scale
Ranking
A question during an interview such as “Why do you feel that way?” is known as a:
Probe
Filter question
Response
Pilot
When constructing a questionnaire, there are basic principles to which you should adhere. Which of the following is not one of those principles?
Do not use "leading" or "loaded" questions
Avoid double negatives
Avoid using multiple items to measure a single construct
