Though scientists strive to be "purely objective", they:
Can't avoid being subjective
Have their own perspective or points of view
Are not neutral because of their having grown up in a particular aspect of society at a certain time
All of these statements are true
A valid experiment:
Always supports the hypothesis
Does not have to be repeatable
Includes both experimental and control treatments
Which of the following situations can be studied by using the scientific method?
Buying an air conditioner
Determining the effect of light on a frog
Finding the cause of static on your favorite radio station
All situations can be investigated
Adaptations:
Are short-lived
Result from the processes of mutation and natural selection
Decrease an organism's ability to survive in a particular environment
Affect only an organism's physiology
You are testing the effect of sugar on the freezing point of water. Your experimental setup is indicated below. Beaker: Solution (20 mLs per beaker): A 1% sugar B 5% sugar C 10% sugar D 1% salt
You place the beakers in the freezer for one hour. You examine them and conclude that your experiment is invalid because:
Your sample of 20 mLs is too small
You didn't include a control
You didn't include beakers with 10% and 5% salt solution
You didn't repeat the experiment three times
Observations may:
Provide a large amount of scientific data
Allow for personal bias to enter a scientific investigation
Form the bases of a scientific theory
All situations are true
Which of these characteristics of life takes the longest time?
Metabolism
Growth
Evolution
Reproduction
An atom of magnesium has an atomic number of 12. How many electrons would be found in the third energy level?
1
2
5
6
Electrons:
Are randomly distributed around the nucleus
Are major contributors to the atomic weight
Have a negative charge
Do not participate in chemical bonds
The atomic number of oxygen is 8. Oxygen 16 and oxygen 18 are isotopes. They have:
The same number of neutrons
Different numbers of negatively charged particles
The same atomic mass
The same number of electrons in the outer shell
When an atom with seven electrons in the outer shell picks up another one, the atom becomes:
An isotope
A negatively charged ion
A positively charged atom
Radioactive
The transfer of electrons between two atoms occurs in a(n)
Covalent bond
Ionic bond
Hydrogen bond
The atomic # of an element is 10. This element would most likely:
Form ionic bonds
Be unreactive
Form covalent bonds
Can't tell from the information given
The chemical processes in the living cell are collectively called:
Adaptation
Homeostasis
Radioactive isotopes:
Are electrically unbalanced
Are produced when substances are exposed to radiation
Undergo rearrangements and emit radiation in the process
Only undergo rearrangements when bombarded with particles
In science, a hypothesis that is not rejected after repeated tests is called:
An experiment
A hypothesis
A theory
True
Which of the following best describes the logic of the scientific process?
If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it.
If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis.
If my tests are set up right, they will lead to a testable hypothesis.
If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results.
The epigenetic identical twin mice demonstrate how:
Identical twins always look identical
Identical twins raised in different environments look different
Living organisms are products of their genes and the genes' environments
Inorganic compounds:
Always contain carbon
Often contain ionic bonds
Include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Are usually very large
Which of the following statements is true for water?
Water is a non-polar substance
Hydrogen bonds join two hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom
In the molecule, the hydrogen atoms have a partial negative charge
In the molecule, the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge
The fact that water can maintain a constant temperature well is because it has a:
High heat of vaporization
High specific heat
Low freezing point
Non-polar nature
Which of the following is (are) due to the fact that H2O molecules hydrogen bond to each other in liquid water?
High surface tension
Because ice expands upon forming:
Ice is denser than liquid water
Water isn't a very good solvent
Ponds freeze from the top down
A pH of 10 is how many times as basic as a pH of 7?
3
10
100
1000
A reaction of an acid and a base will produce water and:
Gas
A salt
Solute
Solvent
In water, H2CO3 dissociates into H+ and HCO3-. This compound, H2CO3, is behaving as a(n):
Base
Buffer
Acid
Salt
Most life processes take place at a pH of:
3 to 4
4 to 6
6 to 8
8 to 12
Which is true about the pH scale?
It is linear
It defines the degree of acidity or basicity of a solution
It is expressed with numbers 1-12
Scientific facts cannot be disputed.
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur constitute less than 75% of the composition of living organisms.
The remains of organisms found in geologic formation are called fossils.
The Daddy water bugs story was used to illustrate how the sociocultural framework of scientists can limit their vision.
The power of human belief systems is such that even our immune system response can be modified by previous conditioning.
The bonds in methane (CH4) are ionic.
PET scans are used medically to see activity in the body after a person is given radioactive tracers.
Critical thinking involves examining the big picture and questioning methodology, results, and conclusions.
Heavy hydrogen, an isotope of hydrogen, differs from the regular atom in its charge.
Homologous structures look alike in different lineages but evolved independently.
