in the OSI Model, when data is transmitted from device A to device B, the header from A's layer 5 is read by B's ____________ Layer.

The _______ Layer is responsible for moving frames from on hop to the next?

The ____ Layer is responsible for the delivery of message from one process to another

In the OSI model, encryption and decryption are functions of the _____ layer?

Routers function in the _____ layer?

switches function in the _____ layers.

_______ has a higher transmission rate in the downstream direction than in the upstream direction

in an ESS the _______ stations are part of a wired LAN.

PPP is a _______ layer protocol?

when the internet started it was decided to make the network layer a ______ service to make it simple

in a ____ service, there is a relation between all packets belonging to a message?

In a connection-oriented service, each packet is forwarded based on the______.

_________ control means regulation the amount of data a source can send without overwhelming the destination.

______ control in a network means handling a situation in which too many packets are present in an area of the internet

In class C, the netid is between

In classless addressing, a ____ is assigned to an organization.

The number of addresses assigned to an organization in classless addressing _____.

Which address could be the beginning address of a block of 32 classless addresses?

An organization is granted a block: one address is 2.2.2.64/25. If the subnet prefix length is /28 what is the maximum number of subnets?

in a _____ delivery, both the deliverer of the ip packet and the destination are on the same network.

in ______ delivery, the deliverer of the ip packet and the destination are on different networks.

IN _____ forwarding, the full ip address of a destination is given in the routing table

In _______ forwarding, the mask and destination address are both 0.0.0.0 in the routing table.

in ______ forwarding the destination address is a network address in the routing table

In ______ forwarding, the routing table holds the address of just the next hop instead of complete route info.

in classsless addressing, we need routing table with atleast ______ columns

The principle of _______ states that the routing table is sorted from longest mask to the shortest mask.

A ____ routing table contains information entered manually?

The input and output ports of a router perform the ______ layer functions of the router

The _____ protocol is the transmission mechanism used by the tcp/ip sutie.

IP is ______ datagram protocol

AN HLEN value of decimal 10 means

if the fragment offset has a value of 100 it means that

The ip header size is _______ bytes long.

Packets in the ip layer are called

When a datagram is encapsulated in a frame, the total size of the datagram must be less than the ____

The ______ module consults the MTU table to determine the packet size necessary for transsmission

To find the physical address of the exiting-point router, ATM uses the service of ________

A ______ is an ARP that acts of behalf of a set of hosts

in _____ mapping , a table associating a logical address with a physical address is updated manually

A ______ is a local address. Its jurisdiction is over a local network

ICMP is a ______ layer protocol

for the purposes of routing, the internet is divided into

routing between autonomous systems is referred to as _______ routing.

IN _____ routing, the least cost route between any two nodes is the route with the minumum distance

IN _____, each node maintains a vector minimum distance to everynode

in RIP, the ____ timer controls the advertising of regular update messages.

RIP uses the services of

The _____ routing uses the dijkstra algorithm to build a routing table

in _____ rotuing, we assume that there is one node in each autonomous system that acts on behalf of the the entire system

The ___ protocol allows the admin to assign cost, called the metric to each route

BGP uses the services of

The main problem that must be solved in providing mobile communication using the ip protocol is

The original IP addressing was based on the assumption that a host is ______

When a mobile host acts as a foreign agent, the care of address is called a ____ care of address

A registration request or reply is sent by ____ using a well known port 434

one to many communication between one source and specific group of hosts is classified as a ______ communications

IN ______, the router forwards the received packet through only one of its interfaces

emulation of ____ through _____ is not efficient and may create long delays

in multicast routing, each involved router needs to construct a ___ path tree for each group

In the group-shared tree approach, ________ is/are involved in mulitcasting