An experiment is conducted on the effects of consuming caffeine on how well a student performs on a maths test.
What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable?
A group of students who drink caffeine; caffeine
Consumption of caffeine; score on the math test
Score on the math test; consumption of caffeine
These variables need not be defined since this is not an actual experiment
Which is the experimental group? Which is the control group?
The group that:
Consumes caffeine; does not consume caffeine
Does not consume caffeine; consumes caffeine
Receives the highest test score; receives the lowest score
Receives the highest test score; administers the experiment
The ____________ variable is the variable hypothesised to affect the _______________ variable.
Experimental; control
Control; experimental
Independent; dependent
Dependent; independent
In an experiment, the experimental and control groups should be very similar except for ______________________.
the number of subjects that each contains.
the way the subjects were chosen for each group.
the different hypotheses used.
the different treatment that they receive in regard to the independent variable
The first step completed before conducting an experiment involves
measuring the independent variable to make sure it is accurate.
formulating a hypothesis and selecting subjects.
randomly assigning variables to a group.
manipulating the independent variable
In an experiment, subjects should ___________ groups before the ____________________ variable is manipulated.
choose their own; dependent
choose their own; independent
be randomly assigned to; dependent
be randomly assigned to; independent
Which of the following lists the steps involved in conducting an experiment in the correct order?
manipulate independent variable, measure independent variable, formulate hypothesis
randomly assign subjects to groups, manipulate independent variable, measure dependent variable
formulate hypothesis, manipulate dependent variable, measure independent variable
none of these options are correct
A group of athletes run a mile on two different days. One day, the athletes eat a nutritional bar immediately before running the mile. They do not eat this bar before running the mile on the second day. The control group in this experiment is
there is no control group in the experiment
the same group of runner
the nutritional bar
the day the runners had the slowest time
Two groups of students in an experiment were allowed to study for different amounts of time (15 minutes vs. 2 hours) and to take a different format (open book vs. closed book) in order to determine which condition led to the highest score.
Which statement is true?
This was technically not an experiment.
This was an experiment, but the dependent variable was not defined.
There were two independent variables and one dependent variable in this experiment.
There was one independent variable and two dependent variables in this experiment.
Students took a test in one of two conditions - either in a quiet room, or in a room with very loud music. At the end of the experiment, in addition to looking at their test scores, researchers also collected students' ratings of anxiety and self-esteem. This experiment included _______ independent variable(s) and _______ dependent variable(s).
One; three
One; two
Three; one
No; three
A clinical psychologist uses the Beck Depression Inventory to determine whether taking a new antidepressant medication reduces the number of depressive symptoms shown by patients suffering from bipolar disorder. Comparisons are made between subjects who are given the antidepressant daily and subjects who are given the pill with no real medication.
Which is the independent variable?
A new antidepressant medication
Number of depressive symptoms
Subjects who are given antidepressant medication
Subjects who were given pills with no real medication
A clinical psychologist uses the Beck Depression Inventory to determine whether taking a new antidepressant medication reduces the number of symptoms shown by patients suffering from bipolar disorder. Comparisons are made between subjects who are given the antidepressant daily and subjects who are given pills with no real medication.
Which is the dependent variable?
Subjects who are given the antidepressant medication
Subjects who are given pills with no real medication
Which is the experimental group?
Which is the control group?
An educational psychologist wants to see whether test-wiseness training leads to improved grades in a sample of adult students who are returning to college. She compares subjects who are assigned to a test-wiseness seminar against subjects who were not told about the seminar.
Test-wiseness training
Grades
Subjects who are assigned to a test-wiseness seminar
Subjects who were not told about the seminar
