Plant and Animal evolution Flash cards

Describe Biological Evolution

What is a species

The formation of a new species

Population

Name some ways that gene flow can occur

Some advantages of gene flow

Disadvantages of gene flow

Explain genetic drift

Explain founder effect

When a large population is suddenly reduced down in size due to a catastrophic event or human impact. Not selection pressures

Breeding with members of the same population can lead to reduced genetic variance and exposition of harmful recessive alleles tends to increase the number of homo-zygotes in a populaiton

Out breeding

What are selection pressures

Explain natural selection

Sexual selection

What is L.U.C.A

What is a mutation

What are the two types of mutations

Explain a gene mutation

What is mitochondrial DNA

Explain chromosomal mutations

Explain ploidy

What is Aneuploidy

What is Euploidy

What is Autoploidy

What is Alloploidy

Closely related species that live in the same geographical location

Closely related species that live in different geographical locations

What are two types of reproductive isolation mechanisms

Name some pre-zygotic isolating mechanisms

What are some Geographical isolation mechanisms

What are some Behavioural isolation mechanisms

What are some Structual isolation mechanisms

What are some ecological isolation mechanisms

What are some temporal isolation mechanisms

What are the different types of post-zygotic isolating mechanisms

What is hybrid invalidity

What is hybrid sterility

Hybrid breakdown

Describe how allopatric speciation can occur

When were the southern alps formed

When did New Zealand separate from Australasia

Glacial cycles have carved mountains and valleys over the past

What super continent did New Zealand belong to and when did it separate

Explain how sympatric speciation occurs

Describe Gradualism

Explain punctuated equelibrium

What is divergence

Describe Adaptive radiation

What are homologous structures

What are Analagous structures

What is convergent evolution

What is parallel evolution

What is co-evolution