Three OOP Principles:
1. ENCAPSULATION:
Mechanism that binds together code and the data it manipulates. This keeps it safe from outside interference and misuse. THE BASIS OF ENCAPSULATION IS THE CLASS. Primary benefits of encapsulation are:
* Modularity- Source code for an object can be written and maintained independently of the source code of other objects
- Object can be used easily by someone else in the system.
*Information hiding- object can maintain private information and methods which can be changed any time without affecting the other objects that depend on it
2. INHERITANCE:
It is the process by which one object acquires the properties of another.
It is the capability of a class(DERIVED CLASS to use the properties and methods of another class (BASE CLASS) while adding its own functionality
Advantage: Any Data Member can be reused without defining

3.POLYMORPHISM:
Allows 2 or more classes to respond to the same message in different ways
Capability of an interface to do two different things based on the data of different type it accepts and give the desired output accordingly.
Types of polymorphism:
*Overloading
*Overriding

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