All of the following about bronchioles is true except?
Has ciliated cells
has cartilage
has smooth muscle
no mucous production
has cilia
none of the above
Respiratory bronchioles - all of the following are true except?
Belong to the respiratory zone
They are the 17-19 degree branches
has cilia, smooth muscle and cartilage
Lung region with highest cross sectional area is alveoli
Regarding alveolus
Lined by a single layer of simples squamous epithelium - type I Pneumocytes
Type II pneumocytes are cuboidal and secrete surfactant
Clara/club cell are found and are similar to stem cell because they can divide and replace other clara cells
Alveoli do not contain cilia -> no mucociliary clearance
all of the above are correct
Regarding the circulating system
Pulmonary capillary pressure = 10 mm of Hg, Pulmonary vein = 6 mmHg, LA = 5 mmHg, LV = 120/0
Systemic capillary pressure = 20 mmHg, Systemic Veins 15 mmHg, RA = 2 mmHg, RV = 25/0,
In fetus the Pulmonary pressures are very high and systemic pressures are low
Adult circulation the Pulmonary pressures are about 1/5 of Systemic circulation
All of the above are true
1 and 2 are true
Alveoli are kept dry because
Air pressure pushes the fluid out of the alveoli into the interstitium
Colloid osmotic pressure keeps the fluid in the capillary
Hydrostatic pressure in the capillary pushes fluid out into the interstitium
Surface tension in the alveolus pulls the fluid out into the alveolus
None of the above
all of the above
Secondary functions of respiratory system are conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reservoir of blood, maintain blood pH
