Lung Volumes
Tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled with a normal breath from the resting level - about 500 ml
IRV - The max amount of additional air that can be inhaled beyond the tidal volume
ERV - the max amount of air that can be exhaled following a normal exhalation from the resting level
Residual volume - the amount of air that remains after a normal expiration
1,2,3 are correct
all are correct
Lung Capacities which of the following is not true
TLC and FRC are 2 capacities with RV as part of the capacities
VC and IC are 2 capacities without RV
TLC = VC + RV
FRC = IRV + RV
Elastic recoil of chest wall and lungs determines FRC
Regarding FRC all are true except
Is what remains after a normal breath
FRC can be measured by spirometry
FRC increases with age
FRC decreases with lying down
With age all of the following are true except?
Increased RV
Increased FRC
Increased VC
None of the above
Lying down decreases FRC, VC is unchanged because of increased IRV
In pregnancy all of the following changes are true except?
Decreased ERV
Decreased RV
decreased FRC
decreased Tidal volume
Which of the following is the most reliable spirometry measurement
FVC
FEV1
FEF 25-75
all of the above
Highest airway resistance is seen in the mid sized bronchi
Men have greater lung capacity and volume than women, but both sexes have equal tidal volumes
all of the following are correctly matched except
normal spirogram
COPD
Restrictive lung disease
Tracheal stenosis (fixed large airway)
Variable intrathoracic obstruction
Variable extrathoracic obstruction
In Obstructive lung disease all are true except?
FEV1 is decreased
FVC is decreased
FEV1/FVC is increased
In restrictive lung disease all are true except
FVC is increased
Methacholine challenge test differentiates between bronchial asthma and the other obstructive lung diseases like chronic bronchitis and emphysema
All of the following are restrictive lung diseases except?
Intrinsic lung diseases like interstitial fibrosis of lung or pneumonia
Extrinsic lung diseases that mechanically compress the lungs and limit their expansion
Neuromuscular diseases of the respiratory muscles
none of the above
TLC
Can be measured by Gas dilution method
Or by body plethysmography
Gas dilution method under estimates trapped gas
if TLC pleth/TLC gas dilution is > 1,2 trapped gas is present
all of the above are correct
Diffusing capacity (Dl CO)
Decreased in emphysema (obstructive lung disease)
decreased in interstitial lung disease (restrictive lung disease)
Increased in asthma (obstructive lung disease) - due to increased blood flow to lung
used to distinguish between intrinsic lung disease from extrinsic lung disease
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