Atomic Structure

LITHIUM METAL - Atoms are in rows as it is a solid, they vibrate in their lattice structure. one of the atoms look like this (image on the right) :

centre = nucleus

red circles - protons (positive charge = +1)

yellow circles - neutrons (no charge = 0)

blue circles - electrons (negative charge = -1)

shell / energy levels

NEON GAS - atoms are spreaded around and not touching as it is a gas.

On the periodic table
the numbers next to the symbols can represent different things. for example, on sodium (NA) the bottom number shows 11 is the proton number / atomic number. The top number shows 23 is the atomic mass / mass number. - This is worked out by adding the proton number and number of neutrons.
A method to work out what the atom looks like is by using a P.E.N diagram:

draw p.e.n and write if negative/positive/neutral
fill in proton and electron ( stable atoms - no. of proton = no. of electrons)
to work out neutrons take the mass number away from proton number
draw the atom by:

drawing the protons and neutrons in the nucleus
put electrons on the shell ( remember the order of electrons on a shell is 2,8,8,18)

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c1.1 - Atomic structure

c1.1